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Changes in the Geosphere

Total questions: 94

Worksheet time: 1hrs 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The process that breaks down rocks and other substances on Earth's surface is called:

a)

erosion

b)

weathering

c)

depostion

d)

all of the above

2.

Which process describes flood waters moving soil from one location to the other?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

3.

Which process describes muddy water being carried away by a fast moving river?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

4.

Which process describes glaciers scraping rocks across the earth's surface?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

5.

Which process describes water getting into cracks, freezing, and breaking the rocks or pavement apart?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

6.

Which process describes deltas forming at the mouths of rivers?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

7.

Which process describes a mudslide flowing down a steep hill?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

8.

Which process describes rain washing away soil from a hill?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

9.

Which process describes layers of sediment forming at the bottom of the ocean?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

10.

Which process describes waves dropping sand on the beach?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

11.

Which process describes wind blowing sand from one place to another?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

12.

Which process describes wind blasting sand at rock and carving out arches?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

13.

Which process describes rocks being made smooth by tumbling across a streambed?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

14.

Which process describes glaciers carrying rock and sand from one location to another?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

15.

Which process describes a sand dune being formed by large amounts of sand dropped off by strong winds?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

16.

Which process describes a sand bar being formed in the ocean when sand is dropped off by waves?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

17.

What three cause slow change to the Earth?

a)

Rock, Sand, Water

b)

Lava, Ice, Sediment, and Glaciers

c)

Weathering, Erosion and Deposition

18.

True or False: The Earth's Surface is Always Changing.

a)

True, weathering, erosion and deposition are always changing the earth's surface.

b)

False, the Earth stays the same forever.

19.
What happens to a rock when it weathers?
a)
It settles out of water that is carrying it.
b)
It creates a valley.
c)
It forms a delta.
d)
It breaks into small pieces.
20.

Wind blowing sand from one place to another.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

21.
Rocks and pebbles in a river become smooth as they smash into other rocks.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
22.
The roots of a tree break apart rocks beneath the soil.
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
23.

Several layers of rock are illustrated in their unchanged positions. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data in this illustration?

a)

Rock layer W is the oldest of all the rock layers shown.

b)

Rock layer X was formed just before rock layer Y

c)

Rock layer Y is twice as old as rock layer W.

d)

Rock layer Z is the oldest of all the rock layers shown.

24.

The Andes Mountains in South America contain dozens of fossils of marine animals. How might you have described the landscape of the Andes mountain area long ago? What type of environment was it long ago.

a)

Marine animals lived on land.

b)

The Andes Mountains once were under water.

c)

The Andes Mountains were formed by an earthquake.

25.

Look at the diagram.

Which fossil is the youngest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

26.

Look at the diagram.

Which fossil is the oldest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

27.

What was the environment for Layer W like?

a)

A forest

b)

Underwater

c)

A desert

d)

A jungle

28.

What living things were fossilized in Layer N?

a)

Dinosaurs

b)

Monkeys

c)

Fish

d)

Plants

29.

Which layer contains fossils of the most recent living organisms?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

30.
A delta is formed by the action of -
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)

deposition

d)
condensation
31.
Waves dropping sand on the beach is an example of...
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
32.

Which best describes the pattern of earthquakes and volcanoes?

a)

Earthquakes and volcanoes often occur in the same place along boundaries of tectonic plates.

b)

Volcanoes occur on land. Earthquakes occur in the ocean.

c)

Earthquakes occur in the northern hemisphere. Volcanoes occur in the southern hemisphere.

d)

There is no pattern that describes the locations of earthquakes and volcanoes.

33.

April and her family are planning a hike. They study a topographic map of the hike. Which of the following does this topographic map show that will best help them plan their hike?

a)

location of rivers

b)

how wide the trail is

c)

steepness of the trail

d)

where the best views are

34.

What is the Ring of Fire?

a)

an area of earthquakes along the edges of the Pacific Ocean

b)

an area of mountain ranges below the Atlantic Ocean

c)

an area of volcanoes along the edges of the Pacific Ocean

d)

an area of tsunamis along the Indian Ocean

35.

Based on this map, which of the following places has many earthquakes?

a)

the land area making up Australia

b)

the middle part of the Pacific Ocean

c)

the western part of Africa

d)

along a line in the center of the Atlantic Ocean

36.

What do the lines on this map represent?

a)

volcanoes

b)

easrthquakes

c)

plate boundaries

d)

travel routes

37.

Volcanoes and earthquakes tend to occur near what?

a)

mountains

b)

islands

c)

plate boundaries

d)

fault lines

38.

The map shows the location of a volcano. The winds in this area usually blow from west to east. The smoke and ash from a volcano can be blown great distances, and these are harmful to humans. Based on the information given, what is the safest location for humans to build a town?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

39.
The abyssal plain is similar to which continental landform?
a)
mountain
b)
valley
c)
plain
d)
volcano
40.
Mid-Ocean Ridges are similar to which continental landforms?
a)
hills
b)
valleys
c)
mountain range
d)
canyons
41.
Seamounts and Volcanic Islands are similar to which continental landform?
a)
valley
b)
canyon
c)
volcano
d)
hill
42.
An ocean trench is similar to which continental landform?
a)
rift valley
b)
rift zone
c)
volcano
d)
canyon
43.
How are canyons and trenches similar?
a)
They are both formed by erosion, usually from water or glacier movement.
b)
They are both formed when one plate slides under another plate.
c)
They are both really high.
d)
They are both really deep holes in the earth.
44.
a long chain of volcanic mountains found at the edges of plates
a)
ocean basin
b)
ocean trench
c)
mid-ocean ridge
d)
continental shelf
45.
a steep drop-off at the edge of the continental shelf
a)
continental shelf
b)
continental slope
c)
continental crust
d)
crust
46.
a deep valley that forms when an ocean plate moves below another plate
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
rift zone
c)
ocean trench
d)
ocean basin
47.
the area located between the edge of the oceanic crust and a mid-ocean ridge
a)
mid-ocean ridge
b)
rift zone
c)
ocean trench
d)
ocean basin
48.

The flat, vast deep-sea ocean floor is called

a)

continental shelf

b)

abyssal plain

c)

ocean trench

d)

erosion

49.

Underwater mountains

a)

Dunes

b)

Deltas

c)

Mountains

d)

Seamounts

50.

A steep drop-off at the edge of the continental shelf is ___________? Use the diagram to help answer the question.

a)

continental shelf

b)

continental slope

c)

crust

d)

continental crust

51.

Label H is

a)

Continental Shelf

b)

Continental Slope

c)

Seamount

d)

Abyssal Plain

52.

Label D is

a)

Mid Ocean Ridge

b)

Rift Valley

c)

Abyssal Plain

d)

Trench

53.

Label F is

a)

Rift Valley

b)

Mid Ocean Ridge

c)

Trench

d)

Seamount

54.

Label G is

a)

Continental Shelf

b)

Mid Ocean Ridge

c)

Rift

d)

Trench

55.

Label B is

a)

Trench

b)

Abyssal Plain

c)

Seamount

d)

Rift Zone

56.

Label A is

a)

Continental Slope

b)

Seamount

c)

Ocean Basin

d)

Rift

57.

Label E is

a)

Mid Ocean Ridge

b)

Continental Shelf

c)

Ocean Basin

d)

Seamount

58.
Seamounts and Volcanic Islands are similar to which continental landform?
a)
valley
b)
canyon
c)
volcano
d)
hill
59.

the sudden moving and shaking of a part of the Earth's crust

a)

volcano

b)

mountain

c)

earthquake

d)

ocean trench

60.
What is letter C pointing to? 
a)
abyssal plain
b)
seamount
c)
mid-ocean ridge
d)
continental shelf
61.
Which letter is pointing to a trench?
a)
A
b)
D
c)
G
d)
B
62.
An ocean trench is similar to which continental landform?
a)
rift valley
b)
rift zone
c)
volcano
d)
canyon
63.
According to the law of superposition, which layer is the youngest?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
64.

Based on the picture on the left, which of the following is the oldest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

65.
What information can a fossilized plant give scientists?
a)
what color the plants were long ago
b)
what kind of animals existed long ago
c)
what dinosaurs looked like long ago
d)
what environments were like long ago
66.

Which layer of rock is typically the oldest?

a)

The top

b)

The middle

c)

The bottom

d)

The thinnest

67.
The diagram shows layers of sedimentary rock and examples of the fossils each layer contains, Which layer contains the oldest fossils? 
a)
A. Layer 2
b)
B. Layer 4
c)
C. Layer 1
d)
D. Layer 3
68.
What is letter C pointing to? 
a)
abyssal plain
b)
seamount
c)
mid-ocean ridge
d)
continental shelf
69.
Letter D is pointing to the...
a)
continental slope
b)
continental shelf
c)
trench
d)
mid-ocean ridge
70.
Which letter is pointing to a trench?
a)
A
b)
D
c)
G
d)
B
71.
Letter A is pointing to the _______________________.
a)
Continental shelf
b)
Mid-ocean ridge
c)
Continental slope
d)
Trench
72.
Which letter is pointing to a volcanic island? 
a)
G
b)
F
c)
A
d)
E
73.

What is letter F pointing to?

a)

continental slope

b)

continental shelf

c)

abyssal plain

d)

sea mount

74.
What is letter C?
a)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
b)
Cont. Shelf
c)
Cont. Slope
d)
Abyssal Plain
75.
What is letter G?
a)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
b)
Rift
c)
Trench
d)
Cont. Shelf
76.
What is letter D?
a)
Cont. Shelf
b)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
c)
Volcanic Island
d)
Seamount
77.
What are underwater mountain ranges called?
a)
continental shelf
b)
mid-ocean ridges
c)
abyssal plains
d)
continental slopes
78.
What is the deepest part of the ocean basin?
a)
abyssal plains
b)
trenches
c)
rift zones
d)
mid-ocean ridge
79.

The flattest area of the ocean is known as the _________________________.

a)

Rift Zone

b)

Abyssal Plain

c)

Mid-ocean Ridge

d)

Subduction zone

80.

Where are you walking when you are wading in the ocean?

a)

Ocean Trench

b)

Abyssal Plain

c)

Continental Slope

d)

Continental Shelf

81.
Mountains with openings in Earth's crust through which magma, gases, and ash reach Earth's surface
a)
volcano
b)
flood
c)
mountain
d)
weathering
82.

  1. This mushroom rock is created by erosion. 

  1. What formed the mushroom rock?

a)

Wind Erosion

b)

Water Erosion

c)

Vegetation Erosion

d)

Ice Erosion

83.

Your science teacher was modeling a type of erosion for you and your classmates to better understand. She used the following materials: an aluminum tin, soil, forks and a watering can filled with water. What type of erosion was she modeling?

a)

Ice Erosion

b)

Wind Erosion

c)

Water Erosion

d)

Vegetation Erosion

84.

Deltas are created when sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river. Which process is this?

a)

Erosion

b)

Weathering

c)

Vegetation

d)

Deposition

85.

What has MOST LIKELY caused a change in the soil in the wheat field shown?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

All of the Above

86.

A beach forms when waves deposit sand and gravel along the shoreline. What is the name of this process?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

None of the Above

87.

What type of environment was this fossil from?

a)

Ocean

b)

Forest

c)

Grassland

d)

Tundra

88.

What type of environment was this fossil from?

a)

Ocean

b)

Tundra

c)

Forest

89.

What oceanic landform is similar to the continental landform called a mountain range?

a)

rift

b)

valley

c)

mid-ocean ridge

d)

seamount

90.

What oceanic landform is similar to the continental landform called a trench?

a)

rift

b)

valley

c)

mid-ocean ridge

d)

canyon

91.

What natural disaster is defined as warm water, moist air, great wind speed?

a)

hurricane

b)

tornado

c)

earthquake

d)

landslide

92.

What natural disaster is defined as tectonic plates slide or slip under each other?

a)

tornado

b)

tsunami

c)

landslide

d)

earthquake

93.

What would be the effect on the landscape if the river is running quickly at a steep angle slant?

a)

There would be less erosion since the river is going faster.

b)

There would be less erosion since the river is going slower.

c)

There would be more erosion since the river is going faster.

d)

There would be more erosion since the river is going slower.

94.

The diagram below shows a section of a meander in a stream. The arrow shows the direction of stream flow. The stream bank on the outside of this meander is steeper than the stream bank on the inside of this meander because the water on the outside of the meander is moving ________________________ .

a)

faster

b)

slower

c)

not moving at all

d)

none of the above

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