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ES Semester Exam Review

Total questions: 126

Worksheet time: 5hrs 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Why do scientists use the scientific method?
a)
To make sure they get credit for their discoveries.
b)
To make sure their results are valid and can be performed by other scientists.
c)
So that other scientist don't get mad at them
2.
If plants are exposed to sunlight, then they will grow taller.
What part of the scientific method is this an example of?
a)
Procedure
b)
Hypothesis
c)
Question
d)
Results
3.
What step does every scientific experiment begin with?
a)
hypothesis
b)
question/problem
c)
procedures
d)
conclusion
4.
The variable that is being measured or observed is called the _______________. Hint: this is the variable that is the result or effect 
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
control variable
5.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid: water, apple juice, or milk. What variables should be kept constant/controlled? 
a)
type of plant, flower pot,  soil, and amount of sunlight
b)
water, apple juice, milk
c)
only the amount of sunlight
d)
type of plant only
6.
Why do we want to test one variable at a time?
a)
Because it is hard to setup a data table with more
b)
To know what is causing the changes. This helps us understand cause and effect.
c)
It is what has always been done
7.
What is being kept constant?
a)
ramp height
b)
speed of the ball rolling
c)
type of ball
8.
What is being changed in this experiment?
a)
ramp height
b)
the speed that the ball rolls
c)
type of ball
9.
Should experiments be repeated over and over to see if the results are the same each time?
a)
yes
b)
no
10.

Your teacher has asked you to explain the difference between quantitative and qualitative observations. Which statement is correct?

a)

Quantitative observations use numbers, qualitative uses the senses.

b)

Quantitative observations use the senses, qualitative uses numbers.

c)

Quantitative observations use measurement, qualitative uses numbers.

d)

Quantitative observations use colors, qualitative uses the senses.

11.
Which observation is quantitative?
a)
It is 5 cm long
b)
It is smooth
c)
It looks red
d)
It is dry
12.

When another scientist does someone's experiment to see if the results are valid, it is called ___________.

a)
repetition
b)
replication
c)
experimental method
d)
controlled variable
13.

Daniel and Alex are both scientists. Daniel conducts an experiment testing different fuel sources for cars in the future. Daniel conducts each test three times in order to compare his data. After he finishes the trials, Daniel showed Alex his results from each trial. Alex is confused about Daniel’s results, so he decides to conduct the experiment for himself. Which scientific process did each scientist use?

a)

Alex and Daniel used each others data to compare their results.

b)

Alex and Daniel used the same hypothesis to compare their results.

c)

Daniel used repetition in his experiment while Alex replicated Daniel's experiment

d)

Daniel used replication in his experiment while Alex used repetition to conduct Daniel's experiment.

14.

What is the BEST reason you must always repeat an experiment?

a)

Make sure your data is consistent and accurate.

b)

Make sure your data supports your prediction.

c)

Make sure your experiment is easy to do.

d)

Make sure your experiment has lots of data.

15.

Which statement is necessary in order for a scientific investigation to be valid?

a)

The investigation must be able to be repeated by others.

b)

The investigation must produce data that can be graphed.

c)

The investigation must follow all the steps of the scientific method.

d)

The investigation must have a conclusion that matches the prediction.

16.

When experimenting with the growth of a plant, a scientist uses three (of the same type of) plants, two different fertilizers, equal light, and equal water.

What type of variable is the fertilizer?

a)

Dependent

b)

Independent

c)

Control

d)

Constant

17.
Ramone wants to know: does the distance a person kicks a soccer ball effect how well they will do on their math test.  What is the dependent variable?
a)
How far they kick the soccer ball
b)
who the person is
c)
how well they do on the math test
d)
Type of soccer ball.
18.
Dilcia wants to know how drinking milk affects how tall a Monica grows. Which is the independent variable?
a)
Monica's growth
b)
drinking milk
19.
Marcos wants to know: Does the type of gasoline put in a car effect how fast the car can drive? What is the independent variable?
a)
Type of gasoline
b)
which car the gas is put into
c)
how fast the car can drive
d)
how much gas is put into the car
20.
An experiment is performed on plants to see how different liquids affect plant growth. Each plant in the experiment is given a different liquid; water, apple juice, or milk. Each plant has the same amount of soil, sunlight, and listens to the same music. In this investigation, the independent variable is ...
a)
The type of plant
b)
The amount of sunlight
c)
The type of music
d)
The type of liquid
21.
Angelina set up an experiment to see how the mass of a ball affects the distance it rolls off a ramp. Identify the independent variable.
a)
Distance traveled by the ball
b)
Height of the ramp
c)
Mass of the ball
d)
Who set up the experiment (Ms. S, etc)
22.
Kreedence wants to know if birds prefer to eat in one place over another. She makes three feeders out of 2-liter bottles and paints all of them red. She fills each of the feeders with the same amount of mixed birdseed, and plans to keep the feeders out for 10 days before measuring how much seed is eaten from each feeder. She puts each of the feeders in her back yard: one feeder in a large dead tree, another feeder she sits on the dog house, and the last she sits in a small bushy tree.
What is the dependent variable?
a)
Length of the birdfeeders
b)
Amount of time feeders are outside
c)
Amount of seed eaten
d)
Location the feeders are put in.
23.
An apple’s freshness will last longer if they are refrigerated.
a)
independent
b)
dependent
24.
A person’s teeth will be whitened quicker if they use baking soda with their toothpaste.
a)
independent
b)
dependent
25.
Does changing the scent of a brand of dog food affect how much the dog eats?
a)
independent
b)
dependent
26.
How does watching TV during studying affect a student’s test grades?
a)
independent
b)
dependent
27.
Does the flavor of ice cream effect how fast the ice cream melts?
a)
independent
b)
dependent
28.

Grace is bringing treats to her Algebra 1 class on her birthday. The number of treats she brings is based on the number of students in her class.


Which of the variables is independent?

a)

number of students

b)

number of treats

29.
On a graph, which axis shows the dependent variable?
a)
x-axis
b)
y-axis
c)
neither
d)
it changes
30.
On a graph, which axis shows the independent variable?
a)
x-axis
b)
y-axis
c)
neither
d)
it changes
31.

The graph shows the distance traveled by Ms. Luce's family on a road trip. They will travel 25 miles each hour. Which statement is true about the situation?

a)

the independent variable is distance

b)

the independent variable is d=25 t

c)

the dependent variable is time

d)

the dependent variable is distance

32.

Ms. Shi is making a scrapbook. As she adds more photos, the scrapbook grows thicker.


p = the number of photos added

t = the thickness of the scrapbook

a)

t is the independent variable and p is the dependent variable

b)

p is the independent variable and t is the dependent variable

33.

What is a natural resource?

a)

Material from the Earth that people use for their needs.

b)

A place hidden in the mountains.

c)

An object made from natural things.

34.

Which of the following is a renewable resource?

a)

Oil

b)

Solar

c)

Coal

d)

Natural Gas

35.

Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?

a)

Water

b)

Sun

c)

Coal

d)

Win

36.

Hyrdo Power is a __________ energy resource.

a)

Renewable

b)

Non-renewable

37.

In which way do humans have a negative impact on the environment?

a)

burn fossil fuels

b)

recycle cans

c)

reuse a paper bag

38.

How can we conserve energy?

a)

use less coal, oil, and natural gas.

b)

use fabric bags instead of plastic.

c)

use public transportation instead of driving a car.

d)

All of the above

39.
Sunlight, water, and wind are examples of inexhaustible forms of energy.  What does inexhaustible mean?
a)
We will run out at any minute.
b)
We will never run out.
c)
We will run out in 100 years.
d)
We will run out in 20 years.
40.

Sustainability is making sure that the planet and its resources can continue to provide life.

a)

True

b)

False

41.
Your Ecological or Carbon Footprint is the ratio of 
a)
the amount of resources you use to the amount of resources available
b)
how many people there are on earth to how much space we have on earth
c)
people to cars
d)
robots available to robots needed
42.
Which is NOT a way to decrease your ecological footprint?
a)
Eating less meat and processed foods
b)
Walking or biking to school
c)
Turning off electricity and water when you're not using it. 
d)
Driving a large car around for fun.
43.
What are our basic needs?
a)
clothing, water, air
b)
food, air, clothing
c)
food, water, shelter
d)
Music, money, interpetative dance
44.
What is NOT a sustainable practice?
a)
recycling
b)
reducing
c)
reusing
d)
buying 
45.
What has happened to resource consumption in the last several hundred years?
a)
it has remained at the same level
b)
it has decreased dramatically
c)
it has decreased only slightly
d)
it has increased dramatically
46.
The variety of life in the world, a habitat, or an ecosystem
a)
biodiversity
b)
ecosystem
c)
mutations
d)
diversity
47.

What long-term impact could the destruction of large areas of forest have on earth?

a)

decrease rates of erosion

b)

increased atmospheric carbon dioxide

c)

increased amounts of acid rain

d)

increased atmospheric oxygen levels

48.

The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases?

a)

using bottled water

b)

burning fossil fuels

c)

riding a bike

d)

walking

49.

What is one environmental benefit of affluence?

a)

Increasing affluence allows for an increased capacity for resource consumption.

b)

Increasing affluence provides resources to apply toward the creation of environmentally beneficial technologies.

c)

Increasing affluence often leads to a desire to travel widely and frequently in order to see the world.

d)

Increasing affluence in more-developed nations leads to increased affluence in less-developed countries.

e)

Increasing affluence encourages consumers to spend more money on locally manufactured products.

50.

According to the ____, all species have value as participating members of the biosphere, regardless of their potential or actual use to humans.

a)

human-centered environmental worldview

b)

Earth-centered environmental worldview

c)

life-centered environmental worldview

d)

stewardship environmental worldview

e)

planetary management environmental worldview

51.

Which of the following is NOT an example of natural capital degradation?

a)

soil erosion

b)

climate change

c)

water pollution

d)

reduced wildlife habitat

e)

exponential population growth

52.

Major causes of the environmental problems we face are ____________________, wasteful and unsustainable resource use, poverty, failure to include the harmful environmental and health costs of goods and services in their market prices, and increasing isolation from nature.

a)

uncaring people

b)

increased human population

c)

fake news

d)

big business and politicians

53.

Ecosystem services are services that are supplied by humans for the environment.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

A human-centered worldview states that humans, as the owners of Earth, can treat resources as they see fit.

a)

True

b)

False

55.

Preservation focuses mainly on preserving resources so that they can be used by people.

a)

True

b)

False

56.

Containers at a food processing plant leaking fat and animal juices

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

57.

A farmer stores containers of pesticides in the barn and the containers leak

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

58.

Disposing of paint and other household hazardous materials down the drain

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

59.

Acid Rain

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

60.

Snow melts in parking lots and carries oils into nearby waterways

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

61.

Not cleaning up pet waste while out for a walk

a)

Point

b)

Non-Point

62.
What are the three states of matter?
a)
solid, liquid, and gas
b)
solid, water, and gas
c)
wood, liquid, and gas
d)
solid, liquid, and helium
63.
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means. There are about 100 of us shown in the Periodic Table
a)
compound
b)
mixture
c)
molecule
d)
element
64.
Type of matter made of two or more elements...
a)
element
b)
mixture
c)
compound
65.
Volume is ______________.
a)
length X width
b)
height X length
c)
length X width X height
d)
width X height
66.
Iron + oxygen = rust is an example of a ___________.
a)
physical property/change
b)
chemical property/change
c)
mass
d)
volume
67.

What term refers to "two or more substances combined physically, but are still able to be separated?"

a)

Mixture

b)

Solution

c)

Matter

d)

Combination

68.

Appearance, texture, and density are classified as

a)

physical properties

b)

chemical properties

c)

magnetic properties.

d)

thermal properties

69.

In the image, the same atoms are REARRANGED during a chemical reaction, illustrating the Law of Conservation of Matter. Which below correctly states this law?

a)

Matter is created but not destroyed.

b)

Matter is destroyed but not created.

c)

Matter is never created or destroyed, just changed.

d)

Matter cannot change form.

70.
Max is hungry and he prepares cereal with milk. This is an example of a: 
a)
Homogeneous mixture
b)
Heterogeneous mixture
71.

A Taco is an example of a

a)

Homogeneous Mixture

b)

Heterogeneous Mixture

72.
A(n) ______ is a substance with a pH less than 7
a)
Acid
b)
Alkaline
c)
Base
d)
Buffer
73.
What is the only substance with a neutral pH of 7?
a)
Milk
b)
Orange Juice
c)
Water
d)
Blood
74.
A solution with a pH of 8.6 would be...
a)
Acid
b)
Base
c)
Neutral
d)
Acid and Base
75.
Which is most acidic?
a)
Baking Soda
b)
Lemon Juice
c)
Black Coffee
d)
Milk
76.

A carbohydrate is a macromolecule that is used to...

a)

give cells/systems energy.

b)

build cell parts.

c)

give cells/systems long term energy storage.

d)

help cells with chemical processes.

77.

Starch is...

a)

a protein

b)

a carbohydrate

c)

a lipid

78.

A lipid is a macromolecule that is used to...

a)

give cells/systems energy.

b)

build cell parts.

c)

give cells/systems long term energy storage.

d)

help cells with chemical processes.

79.
DNA and RNA are examples of 
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
80.
Waxes, oils and fats are examples of
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
81.
All polymers are made up of...
a)
monosaccharides
b)
monomers
c)
proteins
d)
None of these
82.
All organic compounds contain the element
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
83.
The diagram shows the general structure of an amino acid. Which type of molecule is formed from amino acids?
a)
lipids
b)
proteins
c)
carbohydrates
d)
nucleic acids
84.
Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule?
a)
protein
b)
carbohydrate
c)
nucleic acid
d)
 lipid
85.
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
proteins
86.

What energy conversions take place when you vigorously rub your hands together?

a)

friction => heat

b)

chemical => thermal

c)

mechanical => thermal

d)

kinetic => chemical

87.

Which of the following is the correct chain of energy that takes place when a flashlight is turned on?

a)

chemical => electrical => light

b)

mechanical => electrical => light

c)

nuclear => chemical => light

d)

thermal => chemical => mechanical

88.

What is the correct energy chain from the sun to grass to cow?

a)

light and thermal => chemical => chemical

b)

light => heat => mechanical => chemical

c)

light => thermal => mechanical

d)

nuclear => chemical => potential

89.

The sun gives of large amounts of light and ___________ energies?

a)

nuclear

b)

mechanical

c)

chemical

d)

thermal

90.

The basic unit of structure and function for the body.

a)

cell

b)

organ

c)

organelle

d)

nucleus

91.
Which is an example of an organism?
a)
a beetle
b)
a lake
c)
a rock
d)
a shell
92.

2 or more different kinds of tissues that work together.

a)

cell

b)

tissue

c)

organ

d)

organ system

e)

organism

93.

When cells have specific jobs to carry out and the work is divided, this is known as:

a)

importante

b)

specialized

c)

star cell

94.

Which is the correct order for levels of organization from simple to complex?

a)

cell, organ , tissue, organ system, organism

b)

organism, organ system, tissue, cell, organ

c)

cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

d)

organ, tissue, cell, organism, organ system

95.

Condensation forms ____________ in the cool atmosphere.

a)

wind

b)

clouds

c)

lightning

d)

tornadoes

96.

Why is the sun's energy necessary for the water cycle?

a)

it is the heat source that turns water into vapor

b)

it is the light source that turns water into vapor

c)

it is the source that turns vapor into water droplets

97.

Which term best describes the flow of water over land?

a)

runoff

b)

precipitation

c)

transpiration

d)

condensation

98.
Carbon dioxide is produced by the burning of fossil fuels
a)
True
b)
False
99.
Organisms that play a role in the nitrogen cycle
a)
only plants
b)
only animals
c)
only bacteria
d)
plants, animals, & bacteria
100.
Gas that makes up almost 80% of Earth's atmosphere
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
nitrogen
d)
hydrogen
101.

how do animals get the carbon they need?

a)

decomposing

b)

combustion

c)

eating plants

d)

breathing it in

102.

Which term best describes the flow of water over land?

a)

runoff

b)

precipitation

c)

transpiration

d)

condensation

103.

Which organelle is responsible making food (Glucose) using sunlight?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Nucleus

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

104.

What is the green pigment that "traps" sunlight?

a)

Chlorophyll

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

ATP

105.

Organisms that use energy from the sun to make their own food are called

a)

carnivores.

b)

consumers.

c)

omnivores.

d)

producers.

106.

Plant cells make their own food by taking in

a)

oxygen and water.

b)

oxygen and hydrogen.

c)

carbon dioxide and water.

d)

carbon dioxide and oxygen.

107.
An organism that needs to eat other organisms to obtain energy is known as a:
a)
Autotroph
b)
Producer
c)
Consumer
d)
Mutualist
108.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
109.
What does a food chain represent?
a)
How all living organisms within a habitat are connected.
b)
All of the things that a particular animal eats.
c)
How plants create their own food.
d)
A single path of energy transfer within a habitat.
110.
All energy transformations in an ecosystem begin with
a)
a scavenger
b)
the sun
c)
a decomposer
d)
a herbivore
111.
What percentage of energy is passed on to each tropic level?
a)
10%
b)
50%
c)
90%
d)
100%
112.

A racoon that eats both plants and animals is a

a)

herbivore

b)

carnivore

c)

omnivore

d)

scavenger

113.

Which shows more biodiversity Image A or Image B. Why?

a)

Image B is more biodiverse, because shows more different species than image A.

b)

Image A is more biodiverse, because shows a greater number of organisms that image B

c)

Both images show the same biodiversity

114.

Which statement best describes an example of high biodiversity?

a)

A pond ecosystem is populated by a single species of frogs

b)

A state park that includes multiple forest and freshwater ecosystems with many different species of fish, birds and frogs in a variety of colors

c)

A desert ecosystem is populated by organ pipe cacti, camels, and armadillo lizards

115.

Define genetic diversity

a)

a variety of genes and traits within a species

b)

a variety of ecosystems in a given area

c)

system made up of all the living and nonliving things in a given area

d)

a variety of species in an ecosystem

116.

The level of biodiversity that involves a variety of habitats is _____ diversity.

a)

ecosystem

b)

population

c)

genetic

d)

species

117.

Why is biodiversity important to ecosystems?

a)

It helps populations adapt to ecological changes.

b)

It increases at each level of the food chain.

118.

Greater ____________________ means there are more habitats to support different types of organisms.

a)

Ecosystem Diversity

b)

Species Diversity

c)

Genetic Diversity

119.

The more different types of organisms and the more relationships that can occur between organisms the greater the...

a)

Species Diversity

b)

Genetic Diversity

c)

Ecosystem Diversity

120.

A species that plays a critical role in the health, maintenance, growth, or definition of an ecosystem.

a)

keystone

b)

invasive

c)

engineer

d)

predator

121.

A species that does not belong in a balanced ecosystem, comes in, and changes it (usually for the worse).

a)

flagnship

b)

umbrella

c)

invasive

d)

predator

122.

A physical feature or behavior that helps an organism survive in its habitat.

a)

adaptation

b)

natural selection

c)

selective breeding

d)

artificial selection

123.

this process describes how humans choose individuals to reproduce to get offspring with more desirable traits

a)

selective breeding / artificial selection

b)

natural selection

c)

adaptations

124.

A relationship where two organisms help each other and benefit?

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

predation

125.

What is an example of a disturbance that could bring about secondary succession?

a)

Humans cut down many trees in a small region

b)

A volcanic eruption covers a village in lava.

126.

As an ecosystem transitions from a grassland to a forest, grasses will begin to -

a)

adapt to life in the forest.

b)

be replaced by other plants.

c)

multiply to establish dominance.

d)

relocate to a nearby grassland.

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