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Final Exam Review

Total questions: 138

Worksheet time: 3hrs 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the structure that contains DNA and directs the cell?

a)

endoplasmic reticulum

b)

central vacuole

c)

cell wall

d)

nucleus

2.
Which is true of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a)
Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.
b)
Eukaryotic cells do not have nuclei, and prokaryotic cells do have nuclei.
c)
Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.
d)
Eukaryotic cells are simpler than prokaryotic cells.
3.
Which type of cell?
a)
Prokaryote
b)
Eukaryote
4.

The structure labeled "H" is responsible for breaking down the energy in glucose and converting it to ATP. What is the name of structure "H"?

a)

chloroplast

b)

mitochondria

c)

nucleus

5.

This organelle packages and ships materials around the cell. What is the name of this organelle?

a)

vacuole

b)

ribosome

c)

endoplasmic reticulum

d)

Golgi apparatus

6.
Which type of cells have a cell membrane?
a)
plants
b)
animals
c)
bacteria
d)
all of them
7.

A cell has trouble breaking down waste in the cytoplasm. Which cell structures are likely faulty?

a)

mitochondria

b)

lysosomes

c)

chloroplasts

d)

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

8.

Human muscle cells use quite a bit of energy. Due to this function, which organelle would be found in large amounts in muscle cells?

a)

chloroplasts

b)

mitochondria

c)

nucleus

d)

ribosomes

9.
Which organelle allows the cell to obtain items from outside the cell?
a)
Nuclear membrane
b)
Vacuole
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Cell Wall
10.

What body system transports nutrients & oxygen to and carbon dioxide and waste from the cells?

a)

Cardiovascular System

b)

Nervous System

c)

Digestive System

d)

Respiratory System

11.

What body system takes oxygen into the body and releases carbon dioxide?

a)

Circulatory System

b)

Digestive System

c)

Respiratory System

d)

Nervous System

12.

The digestive system is made up of which of the following organs?

a)

Brain, nerves and spinal cord

b)

Lungs, trachea and mouth

c)

Esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine

d)

Brain, cells and large intestine

13.

What organs make up your nervous system?

a)

Mouth, esophagus, stomach

b)

Brain, stomach, small intestine

c)

Brain, spinal cord and nerves

d)

Lungs, diaphragm and stomach

14.

What is a major role of the endocrine system?

a)

release hormones to control many body functions

b)

digest and absorb food

c)

transport nutrients through the blood

d)

first line of defense from infection

15.

Which system provides structure and support for the body?

a)

skeletal

b)

muscular

c)

digestive

d)

excretory

16.

Which system enables movement of the body?

a)

skeletal

b)

nervous

c)

muscular

d)

respiratory

17.

Which organ system is responsible for filtering out waste from blood?

a)

urinary

b)

digestive

c)

respiratory

d)

cardiovascular

18.

Which organ system collects and responds to sensory information?

a)

cardiovascular system

b)

respiratory system

c)

immune system

d)

nervous system

19.

Which organ system defends and destroys pathogens that make their way INTO the body?

a)

cardiovascular system

b)

respiratory system

c)

immune system

d)

nervous system

20.

Which organ system acts as a barrier to protect the body from the OUTSIDE world?

a)

immune system

b)

integumentary system

c)

urinary system

d)

digestive sytem

21.

A body part said to be furthest from point of attachment to trunk is said to be

a)

proximal

b)

distal

c)

lateral

d)

medial

22.

Closest point to the attachment of the trunk is called

a)

proximal

b)

distal

c)

cranial

d)

caudal

23.

Your skin is ___________ to your bones

a)

deep

b)

lateral

c)

superficial

d)

dorsal

24.

The location on our body that is directly down the middle of your body splitting your body into left and right is called

a)

cranial

b)

superior

c)

inferior

d)

midline

25.

Toward the midline of the body is called

a)

medial

b)

lateral

c)

inferior

d)

deep

26.

Away from the midline of the body is called

a)

medial

b)

lateral

c)

proximal

d)

distal

27.

Toward the head or above is what we describe as

a)

inferior

b)

superior

c)

distal

d)

proximal

28.

In front of; toward the surface is known as

a)

posterior

b)

dorsal

c)

anterior

d)

inferior

29.

In back of; toward the back surface is known as

a)

cranial

b)

caudal

c)

anterior

d)

posterior

30.

Which of these does not occur when in Anatomical Position

a)

Face forward

b)

Feet forward

c)

Palms facing backward

d)

Palms facing forward

31.

Which side is facing you?

a)

Anterior

b)

Posterior

c)

Lateral

d)

Medial

32.

The chin is _____ to the eye.

a)

superior

b)

deep

c)

inferior

d)

lateral

33.
The rib cage is _____ to the heart.
a)
proximal
b)
medial
c)
superficial
d)
distal
34.

Which bone is labeled O?

a)

Femur

b)

Tibia

c)

Fibia

d)

RibCage

35.

What is the name for bone "2" above?

a)

occipital

b)

temporal

c)

frontal

d)

parietal

36.

What is the name for bone "11" above?

a)

occipital

b)

temporal

c)

frontal

d)

parietal

37.

What is the name for bone "4" above?

a)

occipital

b)

temporal

c)

frontal

d)

parietal

38.

What is the name for bone "1" above?

a)

occipital

b)

temporal

c)

frontal

d)

parietal

39.

Which bone is labeled G?

a)

Humerus

b)

Ulna

c)

Femur

d)

Pelvis

40.

Which bone is labeled H?

a)

Clavicle

b)

Scapula

c)

Rib Cage

d)

Sternum

41.

What bone is in red?

a)

carpals

b)

humerus

c)

radius

d)

ulna

42.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

clavicle

b)

humerus

c)

scapula

d)

ulna

43.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

clavicle

b)

humerus

c)

scapula

d)

ulna

44.

What bone is shown in red?

a)

femur

b)

fibula

c)

patella

d)

tibia

45.

Red bone marrow functions to

a)

produce fat

b)

produce blood cells

c)

store cells

d)

produce new bone cells

46.

What connects bones to other bones?

a)

Joint

b)

Tendon

c)

Ligament

d)

Cartilage

47.

What connects bones to muscles?

a)

Joint

b)

Tendon

c)

Ligament

d)

Cartilage

48.

What do we call the place where two bones meet?

a)

skeleton

b)

joint

c)

muscle

d)

rib

49.

What is the name for the connector that attaches bone to bone?

a)

ligament

b)

tendon

c)

joint

d)

cartilage

50.

The sternum is an example of a _ bone.

a)

flat

b)

long

c)

sesamoid

d)

irregular

51.

Which of these is a type of long bone?

a)

carpals

b)

tarsals

c)

skull

d)

femur

52.

What type of fracture goes through the skin?

a)

Comminuted

b)

Open

c)

Closed

d)

Spiral

53.
What is an open fracture?
a)
A break with two or more fractures of the same bone
b)
A break of a bone joint
c)
One in which the two sides of the break do not touch each other
d)
One in which the sharp edges of the bone cut through the skin
54.

What type of fracture is shown in the image?

a)

Partial

b)

Complete

55.
Which letter on the illustration represents the parietal lobe? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
56.
Which letter on the illustration represents the frontal lobe? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
57.
Which letter on the illustration represents the occipital lobe? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
58.
This controls involuntary processes like blood pressure, heartbeat, and breathing.
a)
Frontal lobe
b)
Parietal lobe
c)
Occipital lobe
d)
Brain stem
59.
This area of the brain is responsible for inhibitions and impulse control.
a)
parietal
b)
frontal
c)
temporal
d)
occipital
60.
What lobe of the brain is responsible for emotional and personality characteristics?
a)
parietal
b)
temporal
c)
occipital
d)
frontal
61.
a)

Dendrites

b)

Axon Terminals

c)

Myelin Sheath

d)

Schwann Cells

62.
a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Node of Ranvier

63.
a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Node of Ranvier

64.

What do Dendrites do?

a)

Receives information from other neurons via neurotransmitters

b)

Produces fatty tissue for the Myelin Sheath

c)

Sends information to the next cell

d)

Controls the speed of electrical signal through the axon

65.
a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Body

c)

Axon

d)

Node of Ranvier

66.

Letter C represents the

a)

Cerebrum

b)

Cerebellum

c)

Medula

67.

Letter A represents the

a)

Cerebrum

b)

Cerebellum

c)

Brain Stem

68.

Letter B represents the

a)

Cerebrum

b)

Cerebellum

c)

Medula

69.

What is the main function of the nervous system?

a)

to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide

b)

to break down food consumed by a person for nutrients

c)

to control the body's activities by relaying messages

d)

to control the body's movements

70.

These are tiny blood vessels where the cells and the blood exchange nutrients, oxygen and waste.

a)

capillaries

b)

arteries

c)

veins

71.

What type of muscle tissue makes up the heart

a)

skeletal muscle

b)

large muscle

c)

cardiac muscle

72.

Match part of the blood with its job

a)

red blood cells

1.

carry oxygen and nutrients

b)

white blood cells

2.

fight off germs

c)

platelets

3.

clot the blood

73.

In which order does the blood pass from the body through the heart chambers?

a)

Left atrium – left ventricle – lungs – right atrium – right ventricle

b)

Left atrium – right atrium – lungs – left ventricle – right ventricle

c)

Right atrium – left atrium – lungs – right ventricle – left ventricle

d)

Right atrium – right ventricle – lungs – left atrium – left ventricle

74.
What is the name of the part labelled 2?
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Left Atrium
c)
Right Ventricle
d)
Left Ventricle
75.
Which of the following delivers oxygen to cells?
a)
Red Blood cells
b)
White blood cells
c)
Platelets
d)
Plasma
76.

What chamber of the heart is number 2?

a)

right atrium

b)

left atrium

c)

right ventricle

d)

left ventricle

77.

Which chamber of the heart is number 3?

a)

right atrium

b)

left atrium

c)

right ventricle

d)

left ventricle

78.

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

a)

Break down food for nutrients.

b)

Carry materials like gasses, nutrients, and waste around the body.

c)

Movement of body parts.

d)

Collect information and respond with electrical messages.

79.

Which component of blood helps deliver oxygen with the protein hemoglobin?

a)

Platelet

b)

White Blood Cell

c)

Red Blood Cell

d)

Plasma

80.

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

a)

to provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the body

b)

to break down food and absorb nutrients

c)

to remove oxygen from the body and deliver carbon dioxide

81.
When you breathe, your lungs take in ___ and remove ___. 
a)
air/oxygen
b)
oxygen/carbon dioxide 
c)
carbon dioxide/waste 
d)
waste/air 
82.
What is the function of the bronchi?
a)
Transport air from nose to lungs
b)
Transport air from trachea to lungs
c)
Transport air from lungs to alveoli
d)
Transport air from alveoli to blood
83.
What is tube that is also known as your wind pipe?
a)
esophogus
b)
bronchi
c)
trachea
d)
alveoli
84.

Flap of tissue that covers the opening to the windpipe during swallowing

a)

Pharynx

b)

Trachea

c)

Epiglottis

85.
Name the structure labeled 8 
a)
lungs 
b)
trachea 
c)
diaphragm 
d)
alveoli 
86.

What is the name of the structure labeled "9"?

a)

trachea

b)

pharynx

c)

bronchi

d)

epiglottis

87.

What is the name of the structure labeled "11"?

a)

trachea

b)

pharynx

c)

alveoli

d)

epiglottis

88.
Respiratory system maintains homeostasis by...
a)
balancing levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in the blood
b)
Balancing glucose levels in blood
c)
Regulating blood pressure
d)
Absorbing nutrients
89.
What structure is a passageway for both food and air?
a)
Pharynx
b)
Bronchus
c)
Trachea
d)
Larynx
90.

What is the name of the iron-containing protein that carries oxygen to the body tissues?

a)
hemoglobin
b)
insulin
c)
chlorophyll
d)
myoglobin
91.

Chewing food is an example of which type of digestion?

a)

chemical

b)

mechanical

c)

False

92.

TRUE or False: Accessory organs do not have food pass through them.

a)

True

b)

False

93.

The salivary glands secrete saliva. This saliva contains enzymes that start breaking food down. This is an example of which type of digestion?

a)

chemical

b)

mechanical

94.

What is the term for the series of muscle contractions that moves food through the esophagus?

a)

peristalsis

b)

osmosis

c)

diffusion

95.

Put the following terms in order, starting from ingestion.

a)

mouth

b)

pharynx

c)

esphagus

d)

stomach

e)

small intestine

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
96.

Match the following

a)

Contains villi; site of the majority of digestion and nutrient absorption

1.

small intestine

b)

opens to allow elimination to occur

2.

anus

c)

produces pancreatic juice and insulin

3.

pancreas

d)

carries out chemical digestion with gastric juices and mechanical digestion with churning

4.

stomach

97.

Match the following

a)

full of helpful bacteria and absorbs water

1.

large intestine

b)

stores bile and dumps it into the small intestine

2.

gall bladder

c)

the throat; splits into the esophagus and trachea

3.

pharynx

d)

site of ingestion

4.

mouth

98.

Match the following

a)

creates saliva, which contains enzymes and moistens food

1.

salivary glands

b)

muscular tube that moves food into the stomach

2.

esophagus

c)

aids in the process of mastication

3.

tongue

d)

produces bile which helps break down fats

4.

liver

99.

What are the main organs of the urinary system?

a)

The main organs of the urinary system are the heart, lungs, and brain.

b)

The main organs of the urinary system are the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

c)

The main organs of the urinary system are the liver, stomach, and intestines.

d)

The main organs of the urinary system are the spleen, gallbladder, and pancreas.

100.

What is the function of the urinary system?

a)

The function of the urinary system is to produce hormones.

b)

The function of the urinary system is to filter waste products from the blood and excrete them as urine.

c)

The function of the urinary system is to transport oxygen to the cells.

d)

The function of the urinary system is to regulate body temperature.

101.

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

a)

Filter waste products from the blood and excrete them in the form of urine.

b)

Regulate body temperature

c)

Produce insulin for the body

d)

Produce red blood cells

102.

What is responsible for returning filtered blood to the body?

a)

pulmonary artery

b)

pulmonary vein

c)

renal artery

d)

renal vein

103.

What is the role of the ureters in the urinary system?

a)

Store urine in the bladder.

b)

Transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

c)

Produce urine in the kidneys.

d)

Filter blood in the kidneys.

104.

What is the function of the urinary bladder?

a)

The function of the urinary bladder is to filter urine.

b)

The function of the urinary bladder is to produce urine.

c)

The function of the urinary bladder is to store urine.

d)

The function of the urinary bladder is to transport urine.

105.

What is the name of stretchy, muscular organ responsible for holding urine until you decide to use the bathroom?

a)

Kidneys

b)

Urethra

c)

Ureter

d)

Bladder

106.
Which sequence represents the correct pathway for the removal of urine from the human body?
a)
kidney → ureter → urinary bladder → urethra
b)
kidney → urethra → urinary bladder → ureter
c)
ureter → kidney → urinary bladder → urethra
d)
urethra → kidney → urinary bladder → ureter
107.

Identify the structure labelled "A" in the diagram.

a)

Kidney

b)

Ureter

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

108.

Identify the structure labelled "B" in the diagram.

a)

Kidney

b)

Ureter

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

109.

Identify the structure labelled "C" in the diagram.

a)

Kidney

b)

Ureter

c)

Bladder

d)

Urethra

110.

The top layer of the skin is called the ---

a)

dermis

b)

oil gland

c)

subcutaneous fat

d)

epidermis

111.

Which layer contains accessory structures such as sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and hair follicles?

a)

epidermis

b)

dermis

c)

subcutaneous fat

d)

hyperdermis

112.

Oil glands that are found all over the skin are called ---

a)

merocrine glands

b)

sebaceous glands

c)

apocrine glands

d)

sweat glands

113.

Sweating and shivering are your body's way of regulating its ---

a)

Water loss

b)

Temperature

c)

Hair growth

d)

Vitamin D absorption

114.

#2 on this diagram is the ---

a)

epidermis

b)

dermis

c)

subcutaneous fat/hypodermis

d)

follicle

115.
The waterproofing protein that fills the cells in the upper layers of the epidermis.
a)
Keratin
b)
Melatonin
c)
Melanin
d)
Actin
116.
12 is 
a)
epidermis
b)
dermis
c)
hypodermis
d)
reticular layer
117.

Any organism that causes disease like a virus or bacteria is called:

a)

Antibiotics

b)

Antibody

c)

Pathogen

d)

Phagocyte

118.

What is the body's first line (non-specific) of defense against infection by foreign organisms?

a)

antibodies

b)

lymph nodes

c)

white blood cells

d)

the skin

119.

The innate immune system is...

a)

Always working and doesn't require any special preparation

b)

Needs to be "primed" before it can work to its full effectiveness

c)

Very specific and only defends against a specific pathogen

d)

Not very effective at preventing intruders

120.

This type of immunity is acquired during one's lifetime. It is induced by antigens that invade the body.

a)

innate immunity

b)

adaptive immunity

c)

nonspecific immunity

d)

normal microbiota

121.

This type of immunity can be called nonspecific and refers to the bodies defenses that are present since birth.

a)

resistance

b)

adaptive immunity

c)

acquired immunity

d)

innate immunity

122.
Which type of immunity has memory?
a)
innate
b)
adaptive/acquired
123.

Hormones from this gland control other endocrine glands

a)

Pituitary

b)

Thymus

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Pancreas

124.

What is the function of the thymus?

a)

makes insulin which regulates blood sugar

b)

produces estrogen and progesterone

c)

helps with immune system

125.

What is the function of the pineal gland?

a)

makes insulin to regulate blood sugar

b)

releases melatonin and regulates sleep

c)

produces testosterone

126.
Function of adrenal glands:
a)
produces hormones that control BSL (blood sugar level)
b)
control female characteristics and menstrual cycle
c)
control male characteristics and sperm production
d)
help prepare the body for stress
127.

What is the function of the thyroid gland?

a)

make melatonin

b)

regulates metabolism

c)

help breakdown sugar

128.
What is gland #3?
a)
Adrenal Gland
b)
Pancreas
c)
Ovaries
d)
Testes
129.

Match the following

a)
1.

Squamous

b)
2.

Cuboidal

c)
3.

Columnar

130.
Identify:
a)
Areolar
b)
Smooth Muscle
c)
Transitional
d)
Simple Squamous
131.
Identify:
a)
Smooth Muscle
b)
Columnar
c)
Transitional
d)
Pseudostratified
132.

This involuntary type of muscle tissue is found lining the digestive system. What type of muscle tissue is this?

a)

cardiac

b)

skeletal

c)

smooth

133.

What type of muscle makes up your heart?

a)

cardiac

b)

skeletal

c)

smooth

d)

cardiac and skeletal

134.

Which of the following muscle types are involuntary?

a)

skeletal and smooth

b)

cardiac and skeletal

c)

smooth and cardiac

d)

skeletal

135.

What muscle type is this?

a)

cardiac

b)

skeletal

c)

smooth

136.

Epithelial Tissues may be classified according to?

a)

Location and Direction

b)

Color and Shape

c)

Number of cell layers and cell shape

d)

It depends

137.

Which epithelial tissue has more than one layer of flattened cells?

a)

simple squamous

b)

stratified squamous

c)

transitional

d)

simple columnar

138.

A single layer of tall, skinny epithelial cells would be best described as

a)

simple cuboidal epithelium

b)

simple columnar epithelium

c)

simple squamous epithelium

d)

stratified columnar epithelium

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