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Unit 3 Hydrosphere

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 4hrs 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

________ is the process where liquid water turns into water vapor due to heat from the sun.

a)

Condensation

b)

Transpiration

c)

Sublimation

d)

Evaporation

2.

_________ is water released from clouds in the form of rain, freezing rain, sleet, snow, or hail.

a)

Condensation

b)

Precipitation

c)

Evaporation

d)

Sublimation

3.

Most precipitation falls as _________.

a)

Snow

b)

Freezing Rain

c)

Rain

d)

Hail

4.

Clouds play a significant role in the movement and storage of water on our planet

a)

True

b)

False

5.

The water on our planet is the same water that was here millions of years ago. However, it is continuously moving and being recycled through the water cycle.

a)

True

b)

False

6.

___________% of Earth’s water can be found in the oceans.

a)

50%

b)

30%

c)

10%

d)

70%

7.

Water is stored in:

a)

Rivers

b)

Lakes

c)

Clouds

d)

All the above

8.

Water vapor is which state of matter?

a)

Solid

b)

Liquid

c)

Gas

9.

_________ is the process of water vapor turning back into a liquid upon cooling.

a)

Condensation

b)

Runoff

c)

Transpiration

d)

Sublimation

10.

________________is the process where solid water (ice) is directly converted into water vapor (gas).

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Sublimation

d)

Ice Ice baby

11.

Precipitation is the process of water falling out of clouds in our atmosphere and returning back to Earth.

a)

True

b)

False

12.

The evaporation of water out of the leaves of plants happens during which step?

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Runoff

13.

When snow melts, the water that is not soaked up by the ground will runoff or flow to another location.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

Some of the water that precipitates does not runoff into the rivers and is absorbed by the plants or gets evaporated. It moves deep into the soil. This is called Sublimation.

a)

True

b)

False

15.

How is your day going?

4 lines
16.

What process is happening step A?

a)

transpiration

b)

evaporation

c)

condensation

d)

accumulation

17.

The process in which water vapor is released into the atmosphere through plants.

a)

evaporation

b)

transpiration

c)

condensation

d)

precipitation

18.

Select the two key forces that drive the water cycle!

a)

Gravity

b)

Nuclear Energy

c)

Radiant energy (the sun)

d)

Transnational Chemistry

19.

In order for evaporation to occur, liquid water must change state into a ___________.

a)

gas

b)

solid

c)

plasma

20.

In order for condensation to occur, water vapor (gas) must change state into a _________.

a)

solid

b)

liquid

c)

gel

21.

In science a cycle is......

a)

anything that happens naturally

b)

an individual event that occurs

c)

a series of events that repeat themselves

22.

What process is happening step B?

a)

transpiration

b)

precipitation

c)

condensation

23.

What step of the water cycle is happening in arrow D?

a)

Condensation

b)

Evaopration

c)

Run off

24.

Bonds between multiple water molecules are called ____________.

a)

Hydrogen Bonds

b)

Covalent Bonds

c)

Ionic Bonds

d)

Water Bonds

25.

Bonds that hold a water molecule together are called ____________.

a)

Covalent Bonds

b)

Ionic Bonds

c)

Hydrogen Bonds

d)

Water Bonds

26.

There are partial charges within a water molecule which cause water to have special properties. This makes water a ________ molecule.

a)

Polar

b)

Nonpolar

c)

Hydrophobic

d)

Ionic

27.

When water rises up a thin straw or moves up a tree from the roots to the leaves, it is called _____________.

a)

Capillary Action

b)

Surface Tension

c)

Heat of Vaporization

d)

Density of Water

28.

Water is liquid at room temperature and takes a lot of energy (heat) to reach the boiling point and turn to a vapor. What is this called?

a)

Heat of Vaporization

b)

Cohesion

c)

Heat of Fusion

d)

Surface Tension

29.

Very light insects can sit on top of water because of

a)

Water's High Heat of Vaporization

b)

Surface Tension

c)

Water's High Specific Heat

d)

Capillary Action

30.

The Earth is surrounded by a atmosphere made of water vapor. Which property allows us to consider Earth a "Goldilocks" planet based on this information.

a)

High Specific Heat Capacity

b)

Adhesion

c)

Cohesion

d)

Heat of Fusion

31.

Why does ice float?

a)

As water freezes, the molecules move farther apart (expands) and the density decreases.

b)

As water freezes, the hydrogen bonds mix with air and create buoyancy.

c)

As water freezes, the bonds break, making it float.

d)

As water freezes, the molecules move closer together, causing the density to increase.

32.

What makes water a universal solvent?

a)

It is a polar molecule that can form hydrogen bonds, allowing it to dissolve many substances.

b)

It is a nonpolar molecule that can form hydrogen bonds, allowing it to dissolve many substances.

c)

It is a polar molecule with a low specific heat, allowing it to dissolve many substances.

d)

It is a nonpolar molecule with a low specific heat, allowing it to dissolve many substances.

33.

When it rains, water will stick to your clothes and get them wet. What property is this an example of?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

High Specific Heat Capacity

d)

Surface Tension

34.

What property allows water molecules to stick to each other to form drops?

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Surface Tension

d)

Capillary Action

35.

Why is it important that water has a high heat of vaporization and high specific heat capacity?

a)

If they were lower, water would change temperatures and evaporate much faster.

b)

If they were lower, there would be too much water on the Earth.

c)

The properties allow for the rapid change of temperature and vaporization of water.

d)

These properties allow water to freeze at high temperatures.

36.
What two elements make up water?
a)
Helium and oxygen
b)
Hydrogen and oxygen
c)
helium and carbon
d)
oxygen and carbon
37.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
38.
Attractions between the negative Oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive Hydrogen atom of another water molecule are called
a)
Covalent bonds
b)
Ionic bonds
c)
Polar bonds
d)
Hydrogen bonds
39.
Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?
a)
Water is an acid.
b)
Water is a versatile solvent.
c)
Water has a high heat capacity.
d)
 Water acts as a buffer.
40.

Water has ... specific heat. Meaning, it takes ... time to warm up a large amount of water.

a)

high/ long 

b)

high/ short

c)

low/long

d)

low/ short

41.
When water molecules stick easily to other water molecules, this is called what?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
solution
d)
polar molecule
42.
What is a solute?
a)
The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.
b)
The substance that is dissolved into the solution.
c)
The mixing of different substances.
d)
The process in which neutral molecules lose or gain electrons
43.
What is a solvent?
a)
The substance that does the dissolving in a solution.
b)
The substance that is being dissolved in a solution.
c)
The mixing of different substances.
d)
The process in which neutral molecules lose or gain electrons
44.

Global ocean currents are a climate engine.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

What amount of the ocean is salt?

a)

97.5%

b)

3.5%

c)

89%

46.

Why is it a big deal that ice floats?

a)

it cools the ocean

b)

it insulates the water from the cold air

c)

it isn't

d)

it protects animals from ships

47.

Which is denser?

a)

saltwater

b)

freshwater

48.

Which will sink when mixed with the other?

a)

freshwater

b)

saltwater

49.

Where do the salts in seawater come from?

a)

rain

b)

weathering of continental crust

c)

trenches

d)

its still unknown

50.

Which ions comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater?

a)

Magnesium and Sulfate

b)

Sodium & Chloride

c)

Calcium and Chloride

d)

Sodium and Sulfate

51.

An area where temperature drops quickly is called a(n)

a)

tempocline

b)

halocline

c)

pycnocline

d)

termocline

52.

Where does the ocean get most of it's heat from?

a)

Underwater volcanoes

b)

Radiation in the inner core

c)

Light from the Sun

d)

Friction caused by tectonic plates hitting each other

53.

Where would the ocean be the warmest?

a)

North Pole

b)

Equator

c)

South Pole

d)

Deep under the surface

54.

Why would the North and South Pole have the coldest ocean water?

a)

The poles have more concentrated sunlight

b)

The poles get more direct sunlight

c)

The poles have too much salt in the water

d)

The poles get less light

55.

What do we call the continuous flow of water in the ocean?

a)

Ocean Current

b)

Ocean Flow

c)

Ocean Stream

d)

Global Ocean Belt

56.

Where do warm ocean currents move towards?

a)

The poles

b)

The bottom of the ocean

c)

Antarctica

d)

Equator

57.

The __________ is a surface current that flows along the eastern US and brings warm water to Europe.

a)

California Current

b)

Gulf Current

c)

North American Gyre

d)

Arctic Current

58.

What causes the unequal distribution of warm and cold water?

a)

shifts in the Earth's orbit

b)

prevailing wind patterns (Trade Winds)

c)

changes in fishing patterns

d)

changes in water density

59.

Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common

a)

Influence birds that migrate over the ocean

b)

Influence rainy / dry weather world wide

c)

The weather at the polar regions

d)

The directions that ships travel in the oceans

60.
El Nino occurs when the tropical ocean waters are warmer in which ocean?
a)
Atlantic
b)
Indian
c)
Pacific
d)
Arctic
61.

Why do the fisherman of Peru and South America not welcome a strong El Nino?

a)

El Nino poisons the fish

b)

El Nino causes strong winds and currents which move fish westward

c)

El Nino bring cold water to the surface which kills the base of the food chain

d)

El Nino shuts off upwelling and nutrients needed for the marine food chain do not rise to the surface

62.

______________ causes more rainfall in the Northwest United States and poor fishing off the coast of South America (Peru).

a)

La Nina

b)

El NIno

c)

El Baby Yoda

d)

La Chancla

63.

In El Nino, rain moves east with the warm pool causing rainy/stormy weather in California and less hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean.

a)

True

b)

False

64.
Differences in the temperature between the North and South poles and the equator create thermal currents in the atmosphere that form global winds.What is the source of energy for these currents?
a)
equator
b)
moon
c)
Sun
d)
tides
65.
The diagram represents solar energy that is absorbed by Earth's land and water surfaces and is changed into heat that radiates back into the atmosphere.What is this process called?
a)
ozone
b)
radiation
c)
greenhouse effect
d)
evaporation
66.
Which process accurately describes the formation of the greenhouse effect?
a)
The Sun's rays are reflected from the land back into the atmosphere.
b)
Increased solar energy is entering through the hole in the ozone layer.
c)
Aerosol gases become trapped and build up in the atmosphere.
d)
Heat radiating from the land and oceans is trapped in the troposphere.
67.
Solar energy is best absorbed by what material?
a)
dirt
b)
sand
c)
snow
d)
water
68.
The oceans make up 70% of Earth's surface. They regulate the overall temperature of the earth by absorbing a great deal of solar energy and heating up slowly. What is true about the oceans' release of heat?
a)
The oceans release heat rapidly and add to the greenhouse effect.
b)
The oceans release heat more slowly than the land.
c)
The oceans release heat more rapidly than the land.
d)
The oceans release heat at the same rate as the land.
69.
What is the source of energy for the Earth's water cycle?
a)
Sun's radiation
b)
ocean currents
c)
trade and prevailing winds
d)
Moon's gravitational attraction
70.
Which statement accurately compares the heating and cooling rates for water and land?
a)
Water heats up and cools down at a faster rate than land.
b)
Land heats up and cools down at a slower rate than water.
c)
Water heats up and cools down at a slower rate than land.
d)
Land and water heat up and cool down at the same rate.
71.
What is the greenhouse effect?
a)
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
b)
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
c)
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
72.
What gas from the list below is a cause for global warming?
a)
Urethane
b)
Oxygen
c)
Carbon Dioxide
73.
 Which of the following activities contributes the most to carbon emissions globally?
a)
Deforestation
b)
Agriculture
c)
Burning fossil fuels
d)
Respiration
74.
Which of the following are greenhouse gases?
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Methane
c)
Water vapor
d)
All answers are correct
75.
Which of the following natural events would be most likely to contribute to the cooling of Earth's atmosphere?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Hurricane
c)
Volcanism
d)
Monsoon
76.
The gas that is most abundant in the atmosphere is
a)
oxygen
b)
nitrogen
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
argon
77.
The gas that is the second most abundant in the atmosphere is
a)
oxygen
b)
nitrogen
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
argon
78.
What happens to the temperature if more greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere?
a)
Temperature goes up
b)
Temperature goes down
79.
Without the Greenhouse Effect the Earth would be
a)
warm 
b)
cold
c)
dead
80.
The Earth acts like a greenhouse that catches and traps heat from the sun.
a)
true
b)
false
81.

The majority of Earth's energy comes from...

a)

the Earth's core

b)

the Sun

c)

hydroelectric power

d)

burning fossil fuels

82.
The tropical regions are warmer than the polar regions due to the angle of the Sun's rays. As a result, there is generally higher pressure at the poles and lower pressure at the equator, so which way does the wind blow on the Earth's surface?
a)
The wind blows cold air toward the equator from the poles.
b)
The wind blows warm air from the poles to the equator.
c)
The wind blows cold air from the equator to the poles.
d)
The wind blows warm air from the equator to the poles.
83.

The sun's rays are more direct at the...

a)

poles

b)

equator

84.

True or False: The Coriolis Effect can change wind speed and direction.

a)

True

b)

False

85.

True or false: Deep water currents are wind driven.

a)

True

b)

False

86.

Northern Hemisphere Gyres flow...

a)

clockwise

b)

counterclockwise

87.

Currents originating from the equator will carry cold water.

a)

True

b)

False

88.

____________has colder water.

a)

NADW

b)

AABW

89.

The Gulf Stream is part of the ___________Atlantic Gyre.

a)

North

b)

Southern

90.

Surface currents are mainly wind driven and move in a __________ direction.

a)

horizontal

b)

vertical

c)

circular

91.

Water masses can be distinguished by differences in salinity and temperature.

a)

True

b)

False

92.

The five gyres are...

a)

North Atlantic, South Atlantic, North Pacific, South Pacific and Indian.

b)

North Atlantic, South Atlantic, North Pacific, South Pacific and Indian. North Atlantic, South Atlantic, North Pacific, South Pacific, Arctic

c)

Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Antarctic, Arctic

93.

In the northern hemisphere, the Ekman Transport is 90 degrees to the _______ of the wind direction.

a)

left

b)

right

c)

south

d)

north

94.

The Ekman Spiral moves water through the friction of wind. This effect ceases at a depth of _______ meters.

a)

50

b)

100

c)

150

d)

200

95.

The earth's rotation influences currents by a force known as...

a)

Franklin Rotation

b)

Coriolis Effect

c)

Geotrophism

d)

Gyral nutation

96.

Winds are created because of a difference in ___________ pressure.

a)

solar

b)

air

c)

wind

d)

sun

97.

The sun heats the earth equally.

a)

True

b)

False

98.

A system of four currents flowing around the perimeter of an ocean basin is called __________.

a)

a gyre

b)

a cell

c)

a carroll pattern

99.

Which current would have carried Jeremiah Burke's message in a bottle from the Titanic to his home in Cork, Ireland?

a)

EAC

b)

Artic Circumpolar

c)

North Atlantic Drift

d)

Gulf Stream

100.

Deep-ocean currents are:

a)

non-existent

b)

wind driven

c)

density driven

d)

circumpolar

101.

Wind and ocean currents are ultimately created by the...

a)

sun

b)

equator

c)

moon

d)

none of the above

102.

Surface currents are created by typhoons.

a)

True

b)

False

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