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Unit 4 Practice Test

Total questions: 88

Worksheet time: 2hrs 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

DNA is what kind of Macromolecule?

a)

Protein

b)

Lipid

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Nucleic Acid

2.

DNA is an acronym for _____

a)

Diphosphorus Nucleic Acid

b)

Ribose Nucleic Acid

c)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

d)

Deoxyribonucleic Acetate

3.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
4.
Where is DNA located?
a)
ribosome
b)
cytoplasm
c)
nucleus
d)
lysosome
5.

The sugar in DNA is called

a)

glucose

b)

deoxyribose

c)

ribose

d)

phosphate

6.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
7.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
8.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
9.

A nucleotide is composed of

a)

A phosphate, sugar and nitrogenous base

b)

A protein, protein and Guanine

c)

A phosphate, Adenine, and nitrogenous base

d)

A protein, Adenine and nitrogenous base

10.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
11.

What are the 4 nitrogenous bases?

a)

Adenine, Thymine, Amine, Guanine

b)

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

c)

Amine, Thymine, Phosphine, Guanine

d)

Amine, Thytosine, Cytosine, Phosphine

12.

Adenine bonds with ______________. ( A bonds with _ )

a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
13.

Guanine bonds with ______________. ( G bonds with _ )

a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
14.

Which of these are purines (larger nitrogenous bases?) CHOOSE 2

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

15.

Which of these are pyrimidines (smaller nitrogenous bases?) CHOOSE 2

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Cytosine

d)

Guanine

16.

The process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself is called ____________.

a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
17.
Why does DNA replicate?
a)
To create another copy for the new cell
b)
To create a duplicate copy in case the original gets damaged
c)
To create a new copy to replace the damaged original
18.

Replication is called semi-conservative because

a)

Each new molecule contains part of the original DNA

b)

sometimes it conserves fuel

c)

Each new molecule contains all of the original DNA

19.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
20.

If one strand of a DNA molecule has the following order of bases, what will be the correct order of bases on the complementary (matching) strand?

CCATGCATTGGTTAG

a)

GGTAGTACTAGCTAC

b)

GGTACGGCTATGCATC

c)

GGTACGTAACCTC

d)

CGTATGACTAGCTAC

21.
The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
transformation
d)
replication
22.

Where does Transcription occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

23.
What does tRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)

transfers the amino acids to the ribosomes

c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
24.
What does mRNA do?
a)

Provides and sends a message from DNA to ribosomes

b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
25.

Using the DNA strand below, what will be the correct order of bases on the mRNA strand?
TAC-GCA-ACT-GCT-AAT

a)

GCT-TAC-TGA-GCT-TTA

b)

CGA-AUG-GAC-TAC-CCG

c)

AUG-CGU- UGA-GCT-UUA

d)

AUG-CGU-UGA-CGA-UUA

26.

What is the correct order to make a protein? (ie. Central Dogma)

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

27.
How many bases are in one codon?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
28.

What is translation?

a)

the process in which DNA is copied to make another molecule of DNA

b)

the process in which DNA is coded into mRNA

c)

the process in which mRNA is decoded into a protein

d)

the process in which enzymes break down mRNA

29.

Use the mRNA below to select the correct amino acid sequence:

AUG-UCA-ACA-CGA-UAG

a)

MET-LEU-SER-

CYS-STOP

b)

MET-THR-LYS-

TYR-STOP

c)

MET-SER-THR-

ARG-STOP

d)

MET-ILE-LYS-

SER-STOP

30.
Question Image

Match the following

a)
UUU
1.
Phenyl-alanine
b)

UAG

2.

Stop

c)

AUG

3.

Methionine (Start)

d)

GUG

4.

Valine

e)

UGG

5.

Tryptophan

31.

A diploid cell...

a)

has 1/2 the amount of chromosomes

b)

has the normal amount of chromosomes (46)

c)

is represented by (n) in meiosis

32.

A haploid cell...

a)

has the complete amount of chromosomes (46)

b)

is represented by (2n)

c)

has 1/2 the amount of chromosomes

33.

What does homologous chromosomes mean?

a)

having 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)

b)

programmed cell death

c)

Pair of chromosomes that have the same information

d)

Pair of chromosomes that have different information

34.

Which phrase best describes MEIOSIS?

a)

cell division of somatic cells (normal body cells)

b)

cell division of prokaryotic cells

c)

cell division of gametic cells (sex cells)

35.
In sexual reproduction, process by which an egg cell and a sperm cell unite to form a zygote
a)
Denature
b)
Fertilization
c)
Excretion
d)
Nutrition
36.

Meiosis occurs in the _________________ of organisms.

a)

digestive organs (stomach, intestines)

b)

reproductive organs (testes, ovaries)

c)

sensory organs

(eyes, ears, nose)

37.

In which phase of Meiosis does crossing-over occur?

a)

Prophase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Anaphase I

d)

Telophase I

38.

What is happening during crossing over in Meiosis?

a)

chromatids are replicating

b)

chromatids are exchanging genetic information

c)

chromatids are changing color

d)

chromatids are being deleted

39.

What effect does crossing over has in terms of traits of offspring?

a)

Results in identical traits of offsprings.

b)

Causes variation in the traits of offsprings.

c)

It really does nothing to the traits of offspring.

40.

The four cells that are produced after Meiosis are _______.

a)

haploid because they contain just half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

b)

diploid because they contain as many chromosomes as the parent cell.

c)

diploid because they contain twice as many chromosomes as the parent cell.

41.

The phase of Meiosis in which chromatids separate:

a)

Prophase II

b)

Metaphase II

c)

Telophase II

d)

Anaphase II

42.

Organize these options into the right categories

Categorize the following

Occurs in Somatic cells (Body)

Occurs in Gametes (Sex Cells)

Only 1 cell division

2 Cell division's

2 Diploid cells are produced

4 Haploid cells are produced

Chromosome number is halved in each daughter cell

Chromosome number remains the cells

Purpose is Growth & Repair

Purpose is Reproduction

Goes through PMAT once

Goes through PMAT twice

Mitosis
Meiosis
43.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
44.

Sea turtles have 56 chromosome in their somatic cells. How many chromosomes are in their gametes?

a)

28

b)

56

c)

112

d)

46

45.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.
46.
This image shows chromosomes during Prophase 1. Which of the following correctly describes the process shown?
a)

segregation of sister chromatids

b)

condensation and segregation of alleles

c)

mutationin which the DNA content of the gene is altered

d)

crossing - over in which genes are exchanged

47.
Which amino acid is coded from the mRNA codon:
G G C
a)
Arginine
b)
Serine
c)
Leucine
d)
Glycine
48.
How many base pairs would be needed to chain together 3 amino acids?
a)
3
b)
6
c)
9
d)
12
49.

How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acid?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

50.
The DNA sequence ATCAGCGCTGGC is part of a gene. how many amino acids are coded for by this message?
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
51.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

52.
If a portion of a messenger RNA molecule contains the base sequence A-A-U, then the corresponding anti-codon on the tRNA base sequence is ______.
a)
A-A-U
b)
G-G-T
c)
T-T-A
d)
U-U-A
53.

a)

Anaphase 2

b)

Metaphase 2

c)

Telophase 2

d)

Prophase 2

54.
a)

Anaphase 2

b)

Metaphase 2

c)

Telophase 2

d)

Prophase 2

55.
Chromosome pairs 1-22 are referred to as
a)

sex chromosomes

b)

sister chromatids

c)

a karyotype

d)

autosomes

56.

Is this individual male or female?

a)

Male

b)

Female

57.

What is an organized picture of all of an organism’s homologous chromosome pairs lined up with each other?

a)

Pedigree

b)

Karyotype

58.

Which of the following is used to determine genetic defects or if an extra or missing chromosome exist in an organism?

a)

Pedigree

b)

Punnett Square

c)

Karyotype

59.

Which type of chromosome determines if someone will be male or female?

a)

autosomes

b)

sex chromosomes

60.

Which set of chromosomes represents a male?

a)

XX

b)

XY

61.

Which set of chromosomes represents a female?

a)

XX

b)

XY

62.

What is the biological gender of this individual?

a)

Male

b)

Female

c)

Cannot be determined

63.

How many TOTAL CHROMOSOMES does this spiny rat have?

a)

16

b)

23

c)

32

64.

How many CHROMOSOME PAIRS does this karyotype have?

a)

10

b)

13

c)

16

65.

What is a karyotype?

a)

An image that shows all of the DNA within an organism

b)

An image that shows the chromosomes from a single cell within a single organism

c)

The entire genetic sequence of humans

66.
What phase is  shown in the picture?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
anaphase 2
c)
metaphase 1
d)
telophase 1
67.
The correct order of the phases of mitosis and meiosis could be abbreviated as:
a)
MAPT
b)
PAMT
c)
TPAM
d)
PMAT
68.
What phase is shown here?
a)
Prophase II
b)
Metaphase I
c)
Metaphase II
d)
Anaphase I
69.

What are the "X" shaped things in the drawing.

a)

PMATs

b)

Chromosomes

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Telophase

70.

PMAT helps us remember the correct order of the phases of Mitosis. Which of the following has the phases of Mitosis in the correct Order

a)

Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis

b)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase

c)

Anaphase, Telophase, Prophase, Telophase

d)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

71.
Before cells can divide, what must be copied?
a)
mitochondria
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
Cell Wall
72.

When the cells completely split it is call what?

a)

Telophase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Anaphase

73.

Reorder the following amino acids if given this mRNA strand:

AUG UCC CCA CUC UAA

a)

Methionine

b)

Serine

c)

Proline

d)

Leucine

e)

Stop

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
74.

Where is DNA found?

a)

the cytoplasm

b)

the nucleus

c)

the ribosomes

d)

the membrane

75.

What type of helix is DNA

a)

Double

b)

Single

c)

Triple

d)

Jagger

76.

Which is the start codon?

a)

CGU/Arg

b)

GGA/Gly

c)

AUG/Met

d)
77.

What is the monomer of Protein?

a)

Chromosomes

b)

Nucleotides

c)
d)

Amino Acids

78.

What protein does the codon GTC make?

a)

Met

b)

Gly

c)

Val

d)

Trp

79.

What's the difference between DNA and RNA

a)

RNA performs photosythesis

b)

RNA contains W instead of G

c)

RNA has three helixes

d)

RNA has U instead of T

e)

RNA has one helix

80.

Transcribe this DNA segment into mRNA. AATCGCTAG

(a)  

81.

What are the two steps involved in reading the DNA to make proteins?

a)

Copying and translation.

b)

Transcription and translation.

c)

Copying and reading.

d)

Reading and transcription.

82.
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
a)
GCUAUA
b)
CGATAT
c)
CGAUAU
d)
GCUTUT
83.

What amino acid does the mRNA codon AGG code for?

a)

Arg

b)

Lys

c)

Ser

d)

Met

84.

What is "A"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

85.

What is "B"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

86.

What is "C"?

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Deoxyribose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous base

d)

Phosphate

87.

What determines the specific traits in an organism?

a)

The number of carbons in the DNA molecule.

b)

The number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together. 

c)

The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule.

d)

The sequence of phosphates along each DNA strand. 

88.

Match the Base Pairs

a)

Adenine

1.

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

2.

Guanine

c)

Guanine

3.

Cytosine

d)

Thymine

4.

Adenine

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