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Physical Oceanography BCB! :)

Total questions: 122

Worksheet time: 2hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?
a)
Sun
b)
Saturn
c)
Moon 
d)
Venus
2.

Wha type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?

a)

full moon tide

b)

new moon tide

c)

neap tide

d)

spring tide

3.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
4.
Tides are caused by
a)
strong winds that blow over ocean waters.
b)
the interaction of Earth, the moon and the sun.
c)
the shifting of the plates on the ocean floor.
d)
variations in the salinity of ocean water
5.

______ causes surface currents.

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

density differences

d)

wind

6.

______ causes deep ocean currents

a)

The Coriolis Effect

b)

gravity

c)

wind

d)

density differences

7.

Nutrients are brought to the surface for phytoplankton to use at _______.

a)

gyres

b)

eddies

c)

upwellings

d)

the equator

8.

_______ causes the Coriolis Effect

a)

Earth's rotation

b)

gravity

c)

wind

d)

density

9.

The __________ is a surface current that flows along the eastern US and brings warm water to Europe.

a)

California Current

b)

Gulf Current

c)

North American Gyre

d)

Arctic Current

10.

Gyres in the southern hemisphere are surface currents that turn _________ due to the Coriolis Effect.

a)

clockwise

b)

counterclockwise

c)

toward the right

d)

toward the bottom of the ocean

11.

The more scientific name of the Global Conveyor Belt is _____.

a)

halinethermal circulation

b)

thermohaline circulation

c)

thermodensity circulation

12.

During a(n) ____ event, trade winds are much stronger than usual.

a)

El Nino

b)

La Nina

c)

Normal

d)

Partly sunny

13.

In Florida, La Nina impacts our weather by:

a)

dryer and warmer

b)

warmer and wetter

c)

wetter and colder

d)

more rain and crows flying around

14.

During an El Nino, trade winds are typically...

a)

about average

b)

stronger

c)

weaker

15.
Why does warm air rise and cold air sink?
a)
warm air is warmer
b)
cold air is colder
c)
warm air is less dense than cold air
d)
cold air is less dense than warm air
16.

Which creates bigger breaking of waves on the coastline?

a)

rocky bottom shore

b)

sandy/sediment bottom shore

17.

Waves in the ocean are caused by...

a)

gravity

b)

sun-moon-earth complex

c)

wind

d)

coriolis effect

18.

The California current is...

a)

cold

b)

warm

c)

non existent

d)

made of avocados

19.

The gulf stream current is...

a)

warm

b)

cold

20.

The Coriolis Effect causes air and water to be moved/deflected by...

a)

temperature differences in ocean

b)

density differences in ocean

c)

earth's rotational spin

d)

gravity of moon

21.

Northern hemisphere currents and wind move in a ____________ direction.

a)

clockwise

b)

counter clockwise

c)

easterly

d)

northerly

22.

All of these impact surface currents EXCEPT...

a)

wind

b)

gravitational pull of moon

c)

land masses

d)

coriolis effect

23.

tides are caused by...

a)

wind

b)

gravity of earth/moon/sun

c)

coriolis effect

d)

sinking water

24.

What kind of daily tide pattern?

a)

mixed

b)

semidiurnal

c)

diurnal

d)

neap

25.

what daily tide pattern?

a)

mixed

b)

semidiurnal

c)

diurnal

d)

spring

26.

what daily tide pattern?

a)

mixed

b)

semidiurnal

c)

diurnal

d)

neaply spring

27.

If Galveston has a 3rd quarter moon on Dec 23, what will the phase of moon be on opposite side of the world on the same day?

a)

new

b)

full

c)

1st quarter

d)

3rd quarter

28.

neap

a)
b)
29.

spring

a)
b)
30.

neap is ____________ than spring tide pattern.

a)

larger

b)

smaller

c)

bluer

d)

older

31.

Equatorial currents will always be...

a)

warm

b)

cold

32.

jet stream is...

a)

bands of strong winds from west to east

b)

bands of weak winds from west to east

33.

Damage from hurricane Harvey caused along the coast is usually caused by...

a)

wind

b)

storm surge

c)

lightning

d)

thunder

34.

cold water heated by underwater volcanoes will...

a)

rise

b)

sink

c)

stay at same level

35.

Cold water is _________ dense than hot water and will _________.

a)

more; sink

b)

less; sink

c)

more; rise

d)

less; rise

36.

What is Halocline

a)

Increase of salinity with depth

b)

Decrease of salinity with depth

c)

Increase of Density with depth

d)

Increase of Temperature with depth

37.

What do waves move?

a)

water

b)

energy

c)

Both water and energy

d)

Neither water nor energy

38.

What do currents move?

a)

water

b)

energy

c)

both water and energy

d)

neither water nor energy

39.

You are on a sinking ship 100 km from land with no radio. You put an SOS message in a bottle. How long will it take for the waves to carry it to land (wavelength 5 m, waveheight 2 m, period 15s)?

a)

About a day

b)

About a month

c)

About a year

d)

Never

40.

The difference between high and low tide is the same every day

a)

True

b)

False

41.

These are the least understood waves because very few people that experience them survive.

a)

Tsunami

b)

Tides

c)

Rogue Waves

d)

Capillary waves

42.

The difference between high tide and low tide in the Bay of Fundy can be as great as 40 feet

a)

True

b)

False

43.

Which has the greatest impact on tides?

a)

Sun

b)

Moon

c)

Waves

d)

Currents

44.

A lot of what we know about currents comes from random drifting objects that fall into the oceans, such as sneakers, rubber duckies, and dismembered human feet

a)

True

b)

False

45.

The largest high tides occur when

a)

The moon is full

b)

The moon is a quarter moon

c)

There is a crescent moon

d)

The sun is shining

46.

Coriolis force is why toilet water in the southern hemisphere spin the opposite direction when they are flushed

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Coriolis Effect is an optical illusion that makes things like planes, ships, and currents traveling long distances around the Earth appear to move in a curve rather than a straight line

a)

True

b)

False

48.

What is it called when the sun, Earth, and moon are in a straight line?

a)

Coriolis

b)

Gyre

c)

Syzygy

d)

Sverdrup

49.

As a wave passes, how does the water move?

a)

Parallel to the wave

b)

Perpendicular to the wave

c)

at a 45 degree angle

d)

In circular orbits

50.

The horse latitudes are called this because the lack of wind caused ship crews to worry about supplies of food and water. They often had to throw the horses overboard.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

What impact do currents have on water temperatures in the US?

a)

The California current comes from the poles, making East Coast beaches colder

b)

The Gulf Stream comes from the tropics, making West Coast beaches warmer

c)

The California current comes from the poles, making West Coast beaches colder

d)

The Gulf Stream comes from the poles, making East Coast beaches warmer

52.

These deadly, large waves are often caused by oceanic earthquakes, landslides, or volcanic eruptions.

a)
tidal waves
b)

rogue waves

c)

sharknado

d)
tsunamis
53.

Waves transfer _______.

a)

particles

b)

matter

c)

energy

54.

_____ waves have vibrations that run parallel to the direction the wave travels, and _____ waves have vibrations that run perpendicular to the direction the wave travels.

a)

transverse, longitudinal

b)

longitudinal, transverse

55.

Examples of this type of waves include water waves, waves on a string/jump rope, and light waves.

a)

transverse

b)

longitudinal

56.

Examples of _____ waves include sound waves and earthquake P-waves.

a)

transverse

b)

longitudinal

57.

_______ is the distance between waves, measured from one crest to the next crest.

a)

Wavelength

b)

Frequency

c)

Amplitude

58.

The _______ is the highest point on a transverse wave, and the ____ is the lowest point.

a)

Trough, Crest

b)

Crest, Trough

c)

Compression, Rarefaction

d)

Rarefaction, Compression

59.

The _______ is the size or height of a wave, measured from the equilibrium to the crest or trough.

a)

Amplitude

b)

Wavelength

c)

Frequency

60.

The _______ of a wave is how many waves pass a given point every second.

a)

Frequency

b)

Wavelength

c)

Amplitude

61.

Frequency is measured in _______.

a)

Hertz (Hz)

b)

Meters per second

c)

Meters

d)

Newtons

62.

Frequency is how many waves pass a point in 1 second. If 100 waves pass a given point in 4 seconds, what is the wave's frequency?

a)

25 Hz

b)

100 Hz

c)

4 Hz

d)

400 Hz

63.

In a longitudinal wave, a ____ is an area where the particles are spread apart and a ____ is an area where the particles are close together.

a)

crest, trough

b)

compression, rarefaction

c)

rarefaction, compression

d)

trough, crest

64.

Examples of ________ waves include visible light, xrays, ultraviolet, and radio waves.

a)

transverse

b)

longitudinal

65.

Waves that can travel through empty space are called _____ waves. Waves that require a medium to travel, such as air or water, are called _____ waves.

a)

mechanical, electromagnetic

b)

electromagnetic, mechanical

c)

crest, trough

d)

compressional, rarefactional

66.

In the diagram of a compressional wave, A is showing a ___ while B is showing a ___.

a)

compression, rarefaction

b)

trough, crest

c)

rarefaction, compression

d)

crest, trough

67.

In this diagram of a transverse wave, A is showing the wave's _____ and B is showing the wave's _____.

a)

amplitude, trough

b)

amplitude, crest

c)

wavelength, trough

d)

wavelength, crest

68.

In this diagram of a transverse wave, C is showing the wave's _____ and D is showing the wave's _____.

a)

crest, amplitude

b)

trough, amplitude

c)

crest, wavelength

d)

trough, wavelength

69.
the ratio of the mass of a substance to the volume of the substance
a)
salinity
b)
profit
c)
density
d)
weight
70.
free-floating microscopic plants and animals
a)
plankton
b)
kelp
c)
crustaceans
d)
boats
71.
this factor is affected by the amount of solar energy an area receives and by the movement of water
a)
pack ice
b)
thermocline
c)
density
d)
ocean temperature
72.
can indicate the presence of phytoplankton in the ocean
a)
food web
b)
thermocline
c)
salinity
d)
ocean color
73.
atmospheric gases that are also the main gases found in ocean water
a)
nitrogen, oxide, methane
b)
nitrogen, carbon monoxide, flatulence
c)
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen, methanol, ketone
74.
a layer in a body of water in which water temperature drops with increased depth faster than it does in other areas
a)
thermocline
b)
incline
c)
saline
d)
decline
75.
important resources supplied by the ocean
a)
minerals, sediments, salt
b)
food, minerals, fresh water
c)
salt, humus, oxygen
d)
fresh water, nodules, salt
76.
major pollutants in the ocean
a)
herbicide, insecticide, rainbows
b)
DDT, salt, plankton
c)
plankton, acid, nodules
d)
mercury, insecticide, and DDT
77.
a measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a given amount of liquid
a)
DDT
b)
plankton
c)
salinity
d)
icee
78.
a floating layer of sea ice that completely covers an area of the ocean surface
a)
pack ice
b)
titanic
c)
ice fishing
d)
glaciers
79.
Marine organisms help maintain the chemical balance of ocean water by removing nutrients and 
a)
returning other nutrients and gases to the water
b)
producing bacteria that destroy pollutants
c)
adding no new elements to the water
d)
introducing minerals and trace elements to the water
80.
Plankton can be called “the foundation of life in the ocean” because they
a)
are marine organisms that need sunlight
b)
live in the upper 100 m of water
c)
form the base of complex food webs in the ocean
d)
are one of three main food sources in the ocean
81.
This type of ocean water dissolves gases most easily
a)
cold
b)
warm
c)
shallow
d)
salty
82.
Why is the ocean called a carbon sink?   
a)
Ocean water destroys trace carbon elements.   
b)
Organisms in the water release carbon dioxide into the air. 
c)
Ocean water dissolves carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.     
d)
Ocean water becomes saltier with high carbon levels
83.
In the benthic zone of the ocean, you would most likely find   
a)
dolphins
b)
whales
c)
swordfish
d)
starfish
84.
In the pelagic zone of the ocean, you would most likely find 
a)
sponges
b)
tuna
c)
worms
d)
brachiopods
85.
Which of the following items is NOT a means of obtaining fresh water from the ocean?
a)
aquaculture
b)
desalination
c)
freezing
d)
reverse osmosis desalination
86.
Which of the following sea life is an example of nekton?
a)
oysters
b)
cod
c)
plankton
d)
sea stars
87.
Which of the following sea life is an example of benthos?
a)
plankton
b)
dolphins
c)
squid
d)
crabs
88.
The most valuable resource found in the ocean is   
a)
salt
b)
fish
c)
petroleum
d)
trace elements
89.
The apparent curving of moving objects from a straight path due to Earth's rotation is called the _____________  effect.
a)
Coriolis
b)
Jupiter
c)
sun
d)
continental
90.

The observation that a moving ocean currents moves at a   45∘45\circ  angle from its wind source and continues to deflect as depth increases is

a)

The Ekman spiral

b)

the swirling spiral

c)

gyre spiral

d)

grade spiral

91.

What is Part A?

a)

Swell

b)

Capillary Waves

c)

Fully Developed Sea

d)

Wind Waves

92.

Glacial Moraines are caused by

a)

Constructive Processes

b)

Destructive Processes

93.

The distance the wind has traveled across open water

(a)  

94.
When a tide is moving towards the sea and away from land it is called:
a)
Ebb current
b)
Flood current
c)
Longshore current
d)
Neap current
95.

Which weather conditions are associated with El Nino?

a)

increased temperature, increased precipitation

b)

decreased temperature, increased precipitation

c)

increased temperature, decreased precipitation

d)

decreased temperature, decreased precipitation

96.

Which best describes El Nino?

a)

The water in the Pacific Ocean gets warmer than normal and causes fewer hurricanes to form

b)

The water in the Pacific Ocean gets colder than normal and causes more hurricanes to form.

c)

The water in the Pacific Ocean gets colder than normal, and the flow of the jet stream is disrupted

d)

The water in the Pacific Ocean gets warmer than normal, and the flow of the jet stream is disrupted.

97.

During El Nino, what happens to the amount of precipitation a region receives?

a)

There is no precipitation

b)

The amount of precipitation increases

c)

The amount of precipitation decreases

d)

The amount of precipitation does not change

98.

What causes the risig surface temperatures in the Pacific Ocean, drought in the western United States, and flooding on the Pacific coast of South American?

a)

the Gulf Stream

b)

The jet stream

c)

La Nina

d)

El Nino

99.

An increase in what type of weather during El Nino years can occur on the California coast?

a)

drought

b)

tornadoes

c)

flooding

d)

Clear, fair weather

100.

During years of La Nina, which weather patterns are likely in Texas?

a)

warm and wet

b)

cold and wet

c)

cold and dry

d)

warm and dry

101.

What causes La Nina?

a)

cooling of water in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South America

b)

cooling water off the Atlantic coast of the US

c)

cooling water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America

d)

warm water in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of South America

102.

Once you know the speed of the wind, you can categorize it using the ____.

a)

wind vane

b)

anemometer

c)

Beaufort Scale

d)

Saffir-Simpson Scale

103.
During precession, the Earth wobbles a little. This DOES change the angle of the axis.
a)
Nutation
b)
Precession
c)
Barycenter
d)
Revolution
104.
The temperate zones of the Earth are between the tropics. Is that true or false? 
a)
True
b)
False
105.

The gradual increase in density as depth increases is the

a)

halocline

b)

pycnocline

c)

metacline

d)

thermocline

106.
no density variation in water column
a)
halocline
b)
pycnocline
c)
thermocline
d)
isopycnal
107.

What type of tidal range will Earth experience when the moon is in this position?

a)

It will be a Neap Tide which means a very small tidal range.

b)

It will be a Spring Tide, which means a large tidal range.

c)

It will be a low tide.

d)

It will be a high tide day.

108.
Constructive interference is
a)
When two waves affect one another in  a positive way.
b)
Produce a single wave of greater amplitude (add together)
c)
Both
109.

A long, unbroken wave.

a)

swell

b)

submerge

c)

porthole

110.

Water can bounce on water because of surface tension.

a)

True

b)

False

111.
A seismic wave that compresses and expands rock.  It is the fastest wave.  It arrives "on scene" first.
a)
Secondary Wave
b)
Aftershock
c)
Primary Wave
d)
Seismic Wave
112.

Absolute Vorticity is

a)

the sum of relative vorticity and planetary vorticity

b)

twice the angular

c)

take into account of water column (depth)

d)

equal to planetary vorticity

113.

Area of little to no wind at the equator

a)

trade winds

b)

doldrums

c)

horse latitudes

d)

polar easterlies

114.

As the depth of ocean waters increases, the pressure...

a)

increases (more pressure)

b)

decreases (less pressure)

115.

What natural event can cause a Tsunami?

a)

Earthquakes

b)

Volcanic Eruptions

c)

Landslides

d)

Glacier breaking off into the ocean

e)

All of the above

116.

Which of the following will result in an increase in the speed of sound transmission in ocean water?

a)

Decreased Salinity

b)

Increased Temperature

c)

Decreased Pressure

d)

Increased Turbulence

117.
 A wave has frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 10 m. What is the speed of the wave?
a)
500 m/s
b)
50 m/s
c)
5 m/s
d)
0.5 m/s
118.

What is the second largest resevoir, by volume, on Earth?

a)

Atmosphere

b)

Freshwater Lakes

c)

Ice sheets & glaciers

d)

Groundwater

119.
What is the name of the current along the east coast of the US?
a)
West Wind
b)
Canary
c)
California
d)
Gulf Stream
120.
The Canary Current, is a surface current. What causes it?
a)
wind
b)
differences in denstiy
c)
differences in salintiy
d)
differences in temperature
121.

The point in the earth's orbit where it is farthest to the sun and moves the slowest.

a)

aphelion/apogee

b)

perihelion/perigee

122.

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Langmuir circulation?

a)

It's produced by the wind

b)

It was first observed in the Sargasso Sea

c)

Occurs only where there is coastal upwelling

d)

Results in streaks of foam and debris along the surface of the ocean

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