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Unit 5 Review Atmosphere, Oceans & Climate

Total questions: 125

Worksheet time: 8hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Increased carbon dioxide may cause global warming by trapping more ____________ in the atmosphere.

a)

water

b)

gases

c)

heat

d)

water vapor

2.
The seasons are a result of Earth’s tilted axis. Which part of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the sun in December? 
a)
Northern Hemisphere
b)
Southern Hemisphere
c)
Western Hemisphere
d)
Neither is tilted it's centered in the equator
3.
The sun's rays are least direct
a)
near the poles
b)
near the equator
c)
at high altitudes
d)
far from the ocean
4.
Climates are classified according to two major factors:
a)
elevation and precipitation
b)
latitude and temperature
c)
elevation and latitude
d)
precipitation and temperature
5.
Certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat on Earth.What is the name of this phenomenon?
a)
Glacier melting
b)
The greenhouse effect
c)
Cooling period
d)
Global warming
6.
Climate change is the change in weather on a daily basis.
a)
True
b)
False
7.

Why do Global winds curve rather than moving in straight lines?

a)

differences in air pressure

b)

Earth's rotation

c)

the average weather of an area

8.

It is recognized that a class of chemicals called Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) might be damaging the ___________.

a)

Climate

b)

Oceans

c)

Ozone Layer

d)

Populations

9.

The most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere is

a)

oxygen.

b)

carbon dioxide.

c)

nitrogen.

d)

water vapor.

10.

Which of the following actions of the ozone layer benefits the health of life on Earth's surface?

a)

UV absorption

b)

water vapor reflection

c)

ozone depletion

d)

albedo

11.

Which of the following does NOT exert a major influence on Earth's overall climate?

a)

The annual amount of solar radiation that reaches Earth's surface

b)

The concentration of the specific gases in Earth's atmosphere

c)

The distribution of land masses and oceans, in combination with Earth's topography

d)

The daily rotation of Earth on its axis and its annual revolution around the Sun

e)

The seasonal development of temperature inversions in geographical basins

12.

The process of upwelling in a water body

a)

increases surface temperatures.

b)

brings up nutrients from the benthos.

c)

causes a decrease in precipitation on one side of a mountain.

d)

reduces turbidity in a water body.

13.

This air circulation pattern occurs between 0 degrees latitude and 30 degrees latitude.

a)

Hadley cell

b)

Ferrell cell

c)

polar cell

d)

Coriolis effect

14.

Which type of surface would have the highest albedo?

a)

dark pavement in a parking lot

b)

rich, dark soil

c)

a passive solar hot water heater collection box

d)

snow on a mountain top

15.

When an ocean current approaches a landmass, what happens to it?

a)

runs right through it

b)

deflected to go around it

c)

the current just stops

d)

ocean water will mix with freshwater to change the salinity

16.

Which of the following is false about Earth's climate?

a)

Northern climates are always colder that southern climates

b)

climates change everyday

c)

there are many different climates on Earth

d)

climates near the ocean are more temperate than landlocked climates.

17.

Salinity is

a)

The level of density in air

b)

tide levels

c)

marine biodiversity

d)

amount of salt dissolved in water

18.

During a lab placing a blue ice cube in a beaker of warm water. What kind of current were you modeling?

a)

Warm surface currents

b)

upwelling

c)

density currents

d)

cold surface currents

19.

Million of years ago Earth's continents were in different positions. Which statement below is true about ocean currents million of years ago compared with today?

a)

Nothing would change. Both surface and density currents would follow the same routes as today.

b)

Density currents would have different routes, but surface would still follow the same routes they did back then.

c)

Both currents types would have different routes based on the location of the landmasses.

d)

Surface currents would have different routes.

20.

What is the cause of density currents?

a)

Differences in ocean salinity wind

b)

Differences in ocean salinity and air pressure

c)

Differences in ocean salinity and the sun

d)

Differences in ocean salinity and temperature

21.

Why is it so important to meausre the level of sea ice?

a)

The ocean ecosystem.

b)

The global water conveyor belt.

c)

Climate change.

d)

All of the above.

22.

What is the first step in the process of circulation of ocean water through the global conveyor belt?

a)

Slow mixing of ocean water near the surface moves nutrients from the deep to the surface; ensuring salinity stability.

b)

Begins to flow toward the equator, warms up and slowly rises.

c)

Cold, salty dense water formed at the poles sinks slowly down to the ocean floor.

23.

What is the second step in the process of circulation of ocean water through the global conveyor belt?

a)

Flows toward the equator, warms up and rises slowly-known as upwelling

b)

Cold, salty dense water formed at the poles sinks slowly down to the ocean floor.

c)

Slow mixing of ocean waters near the surface helps nutrients from the deep ocean to the surface.

24.

What is the third step in the process of circulation of ocean water through the global conveyor belt?

a)

Begins to flow toward the equator; warms up and rises slowly-known as upwelling

b)

Slow mixing of ocean waters near the surface helps move nutrients from the deep ocean to the surface, also ensuring the salinity of Earth’s ocean is stable.

c)

The cold, salty, dense water formed at the poles sinks slowly down to the ocean floor.

25.

Bert went to San Fransisco, Ca for vacation. He was unable to swim comfortably in the water off the coast in the Pacific due to it being terribly cold. Maddon went to Virginia and loved how he was able to swim in the warm water there. Why was Maddon able to swim comfortably?

a)

Cold water flows past San Fransisco that originated from the equator.

b)

The ocean current that flows past Virginia Beach originated in the South Pole.

c)

The ocean current flowing past San Fransisco began near the equator.

d)

Warm water that flows past Virginia Beach originates from the equator.

26.

What is the name of the current that runs beside California? Is this a cold or warm current?

a)

Ocean Conveyor Belt, cold

b)

N. Equatorial Current, cold

c)

California Current, cold

d)

N. Atlantic Current, warm

27.

What is the name of the current that runs along the east coast of the United States? Also indicate if this is a warm or cold current.

a)

Gulf of Mexico, cold

b)

Gulf Stream Current, warm

c)

Equatorial Current, warm

d)

North Atlantic Current, cold

28.

When describing climate, what 3 things must be included?

a)

Average precipitation, average snowfall, and they way precipitation and temperature change throughout the year.

b)

Average temperature, wind speed, humidity

c)

Average temperature, average precipitation and the way temperature and precipitation change throughout the year.

d)

Average temperature, average precipitation and amount of daylight

29.

Which statement below describes what creates the four seasons of a mid-latitude climate

a)

Due to sinking air away from oceans or downwind of mountains or cold ocean current.

b)

Due to the dramatic changing of the amount of heat from the sun over the year.

c)

t’s hot near the equator, so as hot air rises if heads north creating more precipitation and heat change.

d)

There is very little solar heating in the mid-latitudes, so the seasons remain “frozen” in time.

30.

To find an abundance of fish, where might a fishing crew go search?

a)

areas of upwelling

b)

ocean trenches

c)

areas of downwelling

d)

tropical oceans

e)

gyres that move counterclockwise

31.
What is the condition of the Earth's atmosphere at a certain time and place?
a)
climate
b)
temperature
c)
weather
d)
air pressure
32.
Which BEST describes why latitudes closest to the equator have warmer climates?
a)
they are at lower elevations
b)
they receive more solar energy
c)
they are nearer to ocean currents
d)
they get more winds that carry energy in the form of heat
33.
What is the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time?
a)
climate
b)
temperature
c)
elevation
d)
precipitation
34.
What causes some areas of Earth to receive less intense solar energy than others?
a)
the mass of earth
b)
the curve of earth
c)
the density of earth
d)
the elevation of earth
35.
Compared with weather patterns, climate patterns are more _____.
a)
severe
b)
long term
c)
local
d)
unusual
36.

What is the definition of density?

a)

The weight of an object

b)

How heavy an object is

c)

The act of gravity pushing on object

d)

Mass divided by volume

37.

A____climate occurs when cold air descends, loses moisture__________. An example of this occurs in the Western U.S. due to the mountain ranges there.

a)

warms, coold

b)

wet, cools

c)

dry, warms

d)

cold, warm

38.
Warming caused by short-wavelength radiant energy from the sun easily enters the atmosphere and is absorbed by Earth.  This energy is then re-radiated at longer wavelengths that cannot easily escape the Earth's atmosphere.  This causes the Earth's atmosphere and surface to warm;without this effect the Earth would be a giant snowball; anthropogenic CO2 emissions are increasing the effect and stimulating positive feedback (decreased Earth Albedo and increased insolation)
a)
Ozone hole
b)
Green House Effect
c)
Climate Change
d)
Sun cycles
39.
The mass of salts dissolved in 1000 g of seawater
a)
temperature
b)
density
c)
salinity
d)
salticity
40.
The apparent deflection from a straight-line path observed in any body moving near the Earth's surface; caused by the Earth's rotation; causes Hadley cells; doldrums, westerlies, trade winds, and affects motions of hurricane, typhoons, and tornados (to a smaller extent)
a)
Green House Effect
b)
Butterfly Effect
c)
Tyndall Effect
d)
Coriolis Effect
41.

Circular or spiral whirl pattern, usually applied to very large current systems in the open ocean; can be thought of a a large, connected conveyor belt carrying the thermo-haline world ocean currents

a)

Coriolis Effect

b)

gyre

c)

whirlpool

d)

toilet flush

42.

The measure of how much solar radiation is reflected by qualities of the Earth's surface is called ______.

a)

insolation

b)

insulation

c)

albedo

d)

Mirror-Effect

43.

The amount of solar energy (often in power units of Watts) received on a given surface at a particular time period is known as ____________.

a)

Solar Power

b)

insulation

c)

albedo

d)

insolation

44.
The Sun heats Earth's surface evenly.
a)
True
b)
False
45.
Land heats and cools faster than water.
a)
True
b)
False
46.
Earth's average global temperature has been increasing in the last century.
a)
True
b)
False
47.
The Greenhouse Effect is bad for humans.
a)
True
b)
False
48.
There have been no natural causes for climate change throughout Earth's history.
a)
True
b)
False
49.
Human influences have caused the amount of carbon dioxide levels to increase beyond their natural levels.
a)
True
b)
False
50.
Weather occurs in the ___________.
a)
thermosphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
troposphere
d)
exosphere
51.
The Earth's surface primarily receives its heat energy from _________.
a)
the interior of Earth
b)
the Sun
c)
Jupiter
d)
distant stars
52.
The Global Conveyor Belt is driven by ...
a)
temperature differences
b)
salt concentration differences
c)
density differences
d)
all of these
53.
Our Sun gives us heat energy through this type of heat transfer.
a)
Conduction
b)
Convection
c)
Radiation
d)
iron-on
54.
Wind and the Global Conveyor Belt both circulate heat energy throughout Earth's surface by means of ...
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
55.
The highest amount of pressure is found at ___________.
a)
sea level
b)
mountaintops
c)
high altitude
56.
Things move from _____ to _______ temperature and pressure.
a)
low, high
b)
high, low
c)
equal, low
d)
equal, high
57.
When moist winds approach a mountain, they often drop rain as they rise over the mountain & then come down on the ________ side of the mountain much warmer & drier.
a)
windward
b)
leeward
c)
wayward
d)
rocky
58.
Two climates that are at the same latitude may be different because of _____.
a)
altitude
b)
distance from the poles
c)
Earth's magnetic field
d)
soil type
59.
Most of Earth's atmosphere is composed of ...
a)
oxygen & hydrogen
b)
nitrogen & oxygen
c)
hydrogen & nitrogen
d)
carbon & ozone
60.
The Coriolis Effect is due to the _______ of Earth.
a)
revolution
b)
rotation
c)
shape
d)
density
61.
Cool things are _________ dense and ________ in convection currents.
a)
less, rise
b)
more, rise
c)
more, sink
d)
less, sink
62.
Which of the following items cannot contain convection currents?
a)
magma
b)
air
c)
liquid water
d)
solid ice
63.
Which does not cause Global Climate Change?
a)
Amount of sunspots on the Sun
b)
Shape of Earth's orbit
c)
Angle of tilt for Earth's axis
d)
Speed of Earth's rotation
64.
Why does the equator have the warmest climate?
a)
24 hours of daytime
b)
most direct sunlight all year
c)
more people live here
d)
closer to the Sun
65.
Surface currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Temperature
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
66.
The Gulf stream carries _____________ water from the east coast of The United States to the West coast of Europe.
a)
Cold
b)
Warm 
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
67.
As you go deeper in the ocean, the water is colder and less salty.
a)
True
b)
False
68.
Due to the Coriolis Effect, water in the northern hemisphere moves
a)
clockwise
b)
counter clockwise
c)
both
d)
neither
69.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
70.
Cold ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole 
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
71.
The California Current (west coast) carries _________ water from canada
a)
Cold 
b)
Warm
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
72.

Two types of water currents are

a)

local and global

b)

sea and land

c)

surface and density

d)

Coriolis and thermocline

73.
A strong surface current that runs along the east coast of the United States and carries warm water to Europe.
a)
California Current
b)
Global Conveyor Belt
c)
Gulf Stream
d)
Surface Current
74.
A cool current in the Pacific Ocean near North America that brings cold water down from Canada.
a)
California Current
b)
Global Conveyor Belt
c)
Gulf Stream
d)
Surface Current
75.
Constantly moving system of deep-ocean circulation driven by temperature and salinity. It moves water around the globe.
a)
California Current
b)
Ocean Conveyor Belt
c)
Surface Currents
d)
Gulf Stream
76.
A horizontal movement of ocean water that is caused by wind and that occurs at or near the ocean's surface.
a)
Gulf Stream
b)
Global Conveyor Belt
c)
Surface Current
d)
Gyre
77.
The large, circular surface-current pattern of warm and cold currents found in each ocean.
a)
Deep Current
b)
Surface Current
c)
Gyre
d)
Ocean Conveyor Belt
78.
Why are surface currents at the surface of the ocean?
a)
colder temperature
b)
colder temperature & more salinty
c)
warmer temperature & less salinty
d)
less salinty
79.
All of the following influence surface currents except ...
a)
Coriolis Effect
b)
Density
c)
Global Winds
d)
Continental Deflection
80.
Which of the following is caused by differences in ocean water density?
a)
surface currents
b)
 deep currents
c)
waves
d)
Coriolis effect
81.
What factors create deep ocean currents?
a)
Increase in salinity; increase in temperature
b)
Decrease in salinity; decrease in temperature
c)
Increase in salinity; decrease in temperature
d)
Decrease in salinity; increase in temperature
82.
Over the past 200 years, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has
a)
decreased slightly
b)
increased until recently, and then decreased
c)
increased steadily
d)
stayed about the same
83.
Which climate zone is frequently found at 30 degrees latitude where high pressure air sinks to the earth?
a)
desert
b)
polar
c)
tropical
d)
temperate
84.
Which climate zone has the least variation in temperature through the year?
a)
desert
b)
polar
c)
tropical
d)
temperate
85.
Which climate zone would most likely exist because of the influence of a warm surface current?
a)
polar
b)
desert
c)
temperate
86.
The last Great Ice Age (20,000 years ago) was created by all of the following except the
a)
Milankovitch cycles
b)
formation of the Himilayas
c)
build up of Panama to connect the Americas
d)
Ocean Conveyor shutting down
87.
Which factor does NOT influence an areas climate?
a)
longitude
b)
latitude
c)
ocean currents
d)
elevation
88.
If you are near the equator at the top of a high altitude mountain it will still be hot because of latitude.
a)
True
b)
False
89.
Large bodies of water
a)
cool faster than land
b)
heat faster than land
c)
heat and cool at the same rate as land
d)
heat and cool slower than land
90.
Which climate zone do we live in?
a)
temperate
b)
tropical
c)
polar
d)
none of the above
91.
Which climate zone has a latitude higher than 66.5o?
a)
tropical
b)
temperate
c)
polar
d)
mountain peak
92.
Ice Ages are more likely to happen when the continents are
a)
close to the equator
b)
scattered across the globe
c)
close to the poles
93.
Surface currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Temperature
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
94.
Visible light reaches Earth’s surface while infrared light is trapped as heat. Which characteristic of Earth’s atmosphere causes this to happen?
a)
the hole in the ozone
b)
the greenhouse effect
c)
atmospheric pressure
d)
the inversion layer
95.
The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?
a)
lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
b)
lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere
c)
higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
d)
higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
96.
Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?
a)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960
b)
Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide
c)
humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels
d)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960
97.
Compared to other greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide is very effective in trapping heat near the surface of the Earth.
a)
true
b)
false
98.
Which of the following have been linked to climate change?  
a)
droughts
b)
flooding
c)
melting of polar ice caps
d)
all of the above
99.
Which is a primary energy source used by power plants to generate electricity?
a)
coal
b)
wood
c)
gasoline
d)
batteries
100.
The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is
a)
using bottled water
b)
burning fossil fuels
c)
texting on cellphones
d)
eating meat
101.
Some greenhouse gases are naturally present in the Earth's atmosphere
a)
True
b)
False
102.
Worldwide, temperatures have been increasing for more than 100 years.  Is this evidence of global warming?
a)
yes
b)
no
103.
Which of the following is contributing to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
a)
deforestation
b)
photosynthesis
c)
oceans
d)
all of the above
104.
Melting of glaciers and polar ice caps....
a)
will result in cooler temperatures in the Arctic
b)
will result in sea-levels rising
c)
Will have no effect on ecosystems
d)
None of the above
105.
What is the definition of weather?
a)
a period of abnormally dry weather that lasts at least 2 years
b)
the specific condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time
c)
a complex community of organisms and the community's environment
d)
a release of toxic gas
106.
Carbon is stored in
a)
Trees and other living things
b)
Oceans
c)
underground in soil and fossil fuels
d)
All are correct
107.
The second layer of the atmosphere up from Earth, where the ozone layer is that protects us from harmful UV rays, is the
a)
thermosphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
troposphere
d)
mesosphere
108.
What is the ultimate source of energy for all things on Earth (such as photosynthesis, winds, currents, heat transfer, etc.)?
a)
moon
b)
earth's gravity
c)
sun
d)
earth's position in the solar system
109.
Warm air ___________ because it is __________ dense.
a)
sinks, less
b)
rises, less
c)
sinks, more
d)
rises, more
110.
Cold air _________ because it is _________ dense.
a)
sinks, more
b)
sinks, less
c)
rises, more
d)
rises, less
111.
Heat transfer through fluids is called
a)
radiation
b)
convection
c)
conduction
d)
none of these
112.
True or False:  Convection is involved in the circulation of air and water because warm replaces cold and cold replaces warm. 
a)
true
b)
false
113.
Convection currents and ____________ are created by the unequal heating of Earth's surface.
a)
tides
b)
wind
c)
cold fronts
d)
high pressure areas
114.
True or False:  Low pressure systems are associated with fair, clear weather.
a)
True 
b)
False
115.
True or False:  High pressure systems are associated with cloudy, rainy weather.
a)
True 
b)
False
116.
In the water cycle, water that evaporates when it gets cooled up high in the atmosphere condenses back to liquid and forms ____________.
a)
clouds
b)
thunderstorms
c)
lakes/rivers
d)
none of these are correct
117.
True or False:  Greater evaporation in the water cycle can lead to higher rates of precipitation.
a)
True
b)
False
118.
___________ air can hold more moisture because molecules are further apart so there is more room for water vapor.
a)
Cold
b)
Warm
119.
A _______________ measures air pressure.
a)
barometer
b)
anemometer
c)
thermometer
d)
psychrometer
120.
A _______________ measures wind speed.
a)
barometer
b)
anenometer
c)
thermometer
d)
psychrometer
121.
A _____________ measures temperature.
a)
barometer
b)
anenometer
c)
thermometer
d)
psychrometer
122.
A boundary where two air masses meet is called a 
a)
low pressure system
b)
high pressure system
c)
front
d)
none of these are correct
123.
Isobars on a weather map
a)
indicate a cold front
b)
connect equal points of air pressure
c)
indicate a warm front
d)
indicate a hurricane
124.
A cloud is formed through the process of
a)
evaporation
b)
condensation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
125.

Salinity refers to the amount of _________ dissolved in water.

a)

sediment

b)

salt

c)

sand

d)

none of these

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