Base your answer on the three bedrock outcrops below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The outcrops, labeled I, II, and III, are located within 15 kilometers of each other. Lines AB and CD represent unconformities. Line XY represents a fault. No overturning of the layers has occurred. Which processes produced the brown siltstone layer in outcrops I and II?

A mixture of rounded pebbles and sand was deposited in a river. Over time, these sediments were compacted and cemented together to form the sedimentary rock

Which rock is composed of a mineral that can be used for the production of cement?

Which rock is classified as an evaporite?

Base your answer on the photograph below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The photograph shows a sandstone erosional feature that formed near the Grand Canyon, in southwestern United States. What is the range of grain sizes that are most commonly found in rock making up this feature?

Which map symbol is used to represent rock that formed as a result of the evaporation of seawater?

What is the texture of inorganic land-derived sedimentary rocks?

Which conditions could most likely produced a decrease in the water level in a lake?

Which mineral precipitates from oceans and forms rock salt?

Most rocks that form from fragmental rock particles are classified as

A student classified the rock below as sedimentary. Which observation about the rock best supports this classification?

Soil that contains large quantities of calcium was most likely formed by the weathering of

Most sandstone bedrock is composed of sediment that was

Which process led to the formation of thick salt deposits found in the bedrock at some locations in New York State?

Base your answer on the cross sections below, which represent two bedrock outcrops 15 kilometers apart. The rock layers have been numbered for identification and some contain the index fossil remains shown. When these rocks were deposited as sediments, this area was most likely

Base your answer on the block diagram below, which shows a portion of Eath's crust. Letters A, B, C, and D indicate sedimentary layers. Which processes produced rock layer B?

Base your answer to the question on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. Which table shows the rocks correctly classified by texture?

Base your answer to the question on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. Most of the rocks shown were formed by

Base your answer to the question on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. Most of the rocks shown were formed by

A student obtains a cup of quartz sand from a beach. A saltwater solution is poured into the sand and allowed to evaporate. The mineral residue from the saltwater solution cements the sand grains together, forming a material that is most similar in origin to

What are the rock name and map symbol used to represent the sedimentary rock that has a grain size of 0.006 to 0.2 centimeters?

The diagram below shows a drill core of sediment that was taken from the bottom of a lake. Which types of rock would most likely form from compaction and cementation of these sediments?

Which type of rock most likely contains fossils?

The map below shows the area that, at one time, was covered by ancient Lake Bonneville. Evidence of ancient shorelines indicates that, near the end of the last ice age, Lake Bonneville existed in western Utah and eastern Nevada. The Great Salt Lake in Utah is a remnant of the former Lake Bonneville. Which material that was formerly on the bottom of Lake Bonneville is most likely exposed on the land surface today?

Which crushed rock would most likely weather the fastest in areas that receive high levels of acidic rain?

Which rock is sedimentary in origin and formed as a result of chemical processes?

Dolostone is classified as which type of rock?

Which igneous rock is formed from magma that cooled slowly and is composed of 5% amphibole, 8% biotite, 15% plagioclase feldspar, 37% quartz, and 35% potassium feldspar?

Scoria is a type of rock that forms most directly from the process of

Which list identifies minerals present in andesite from the greatest percentage by volume to the least percentage by volume?

Which igneous rock could physically weather to beach sand that contains the minerals pyroxene, plagioclase feldspar, and olivine?

Which element is always found in bioclastic sedimentary rocks?

Base your answer to the next question on the diagram below, which represents a rock composed of cemented pebbles and sand. Which change would most likely occur if this rock became buried deep within Earth's crust and was subjected to intense heat and pressure, but did not melt?

Base your answer to the next question on the diagram below, which represents a rock composed of cemented pebbles and sand. This rock should be classified as

Most of the sediment that is compacted and later forms shale bedrock is

The geologic cross section below shows several rock units of Earth's crust. Some rock units are labeled A through E. Which two rock units formed from sediments deposited in horizontal layers?

The diagram below shows three stages in the formation of a specific rock. Which rock is formed as a result of these three stages?

Which two processes lead directly to the formation of both breccia and conglomerate?

The diagram below shows some features in a cave. Which type of rock was chemically weathered by acidic groundwater to produce the cave and its features?

The presence of brachiopod, nautiloid, and coral fossils in the surface bedrock of a certain area indicates the area was once covered by

Which rock was organically formed and sometimes contains fossilized plant impressions?

The fossil below was found in surface bedrock in the eastern United States. Which statement best describes the formation of the rock containing this fossil?

Which igneous rock has a fine-grained texture and would have a mineral composition of 57% plagioclase feldspar, 28% amphibole, and 15% biotite?

Which two minerals would most likely be found in the igneous rock if the rock is highly mafic?

The photograph below shows a magnified view of a portion of a rock that can float if placed in water. Which terms best describe this rock?

Which processes lead directly to the formation of igneous rock?

Which texture best describes an igneous rock that formed deep underground?

Mineral crystals of quartz, biotite mica, and amphibole are produced primarily by the

The flowchart below illustrates the change from melted rock to basalt. The solidification of the melted rock occurred

Obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed

Which graph best represents the relative densities of three different types of igneous rock?

Base your answer on on the data table below, which shows information about the four largest asteroids found in our solar system. The surface rocks of Vesta contain significant amounts of the mineral pyroxene. If rocks on Vesta are similar to rocks on Earth, which two igneous rocks would most likely be found on the surface of Vesta?

Which processes formed the granite that is mined in Vermont?

The granite bedrock formed when

Which igneous rock is dark colored, cooled rapidly on Earth's surface, and is composed mainly of plagioclase feldspar, olivine, and pyroxene?

The photograph below shows an igneous rock. What is the origin and rate of formation of this rock?

Which igneous rock has a vesicular texture and contains the minerals potassium feldspar and quartz?

What is the origin of fine-grained igneous rock?

An igneous rock is mostly composed of potassium feldspar and quartz crystals that have an average grain size of 3 millimeters. The igneous rock is most likely

The diagram below represents rock A changing into rock B. Which process causes rock A to change into rock B?

The photograph below shows the metamorphic rock gneiss. Three minerals that would most likely be found in this rock are

Which metamorphic rock most likely formed at the interface between rock unit B and the igneous rock?

The diagram below indicates physical changes that accompany the conversion of shale to gneiss. Which geologic process is occurring to cause this conversion?

Which two rocks contain the mineral quartz?

Which rock has never melted, but was produced by great heat and pressure, which distorted and rearranged its minerals

The photograph below shows a large outcrop of rock composed primarily of visible crystals of mica, quartz, and feldspar. Based on the composition and foliated texture, this rock can best be identified as

The photograph below shows the texture of a rock composed of various minerals as seen through a microscope. Which rock is most likely shown above?

The cross section below represents a portion of Earth's crust. Letters A through D are locations within the rock units. At which location is quartzite most likely found?

The rock shown below has a foliated texture and contains the minerals amphibole, quartz, and feldspar arranged in coarse-grained bands. Which rock is shown?

The photograph below shows conglomerate composed of pebbles cemented together with calcite. Compared to the ages of the calcite cement and the conglomerate, the relative age of the pebbles is

The photographs below show samples of two different rocks, labeled A and B. The arrow represents the process by which a rock like rock A can change into a rock like rock B. Which process does the arrow represent?