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WorksheetsNeurodiversity and Neurotypicallity
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
What does 'typical development' refer to in psychology?
When skills and abilities progress at a different pace or fall outside the expected range
When skills and abilities fall within the expected range when compared with others
Patterns of behaviour that are not expected for an individual
When an individual's skills and abilities do not change over time
What are 'typical behaviours'?
Actions that are unexpected and can be harmful
Patterns of behaviour that change depending on social or economic status
Patterns of behaviour or actions that are expected or acceptable for a specific situation
Behaviours that are unique to each individual and do not follow any pattern
What does 'atypical development' mean in psychology?
When skills and abilities progress at the same pace as others
When skills and abilities fall within the expected range when compared with others
When skills and abilities progress at a different pace or fall outside the expected range when compared with others
When an individual's skills and abilities improve rapidly
What characterizes 'atypical behaviours'?
Patterns of behaviour that are expected for an individual
Patterns of behaviour or actions that are expected or acceptable for a specific situation
Patterns of behaviour that are not expected for an individual or that deviate from the norm and can be harmful or distressing
Behaviours that are typical for a person's age and cultural background
Which of the following is NOT a criterion for categorising typical and atypical behaviours according to psychologists?
Cultural perspectives
Social norms
Statistical rarity
Economic status
What factor is considered by psychologists when categorising maladaptive behaviour?
Personal success
Personal distress
Personal beliefs
Personal relationships
What does the term "normality" refer to?
The state of being unpredictable and inconsistent.
The state of having thoughts, feelings, and behaviours considered common and acceptable.
The state of being in excellent physical and mental health.
The state of having rare and unique characteristics.
What does "abnormality" imply?
The state of being above average in intelligence or ability.
The state of having thoughts, feelings, and behaviours considered innovative and creative.
The state of deviating from the norm, usually in an undesirable way.
The state of achieving high social and cultural standards.
Which of the following is NOT one of the approaches to normality mentioned in the material?
The socio-cultural approach.
The functional approach.
The statistical approach.
The biological approach.
What does the socio-cultural approach to normality refer to?
How the majority of people think, feel, and act.
What is acceptable in different contexts.
According to a particular set of codes relating to the social and cultural context that they are in.
Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that allow individuals to cope with the demands of life.
What is the focus of the functional approach to normality?
What people perceive as normal changes throughout different historical periods.
Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that allow individuals to cope with the demands of life.
How the majority of people think, feel, and act.
What is acceptable in different contexts.
According to the statistical approach, what determines normality?
What is acceptable in different contexts.
According to a particular set of codes relating to the social and cultural context that they are in.
What people perceive as normal changes throughout different historical periods.
How the majority of people think, feel, and act.
What does the historical approach to normality suggest?
Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that allow individuals to cope with the demands of life.
How the majority of people think, feel, and act.
What people perceive as normal changes throughout different historical periods.
According to a particular set of codes relating to the social and cultural context that they are in.
What is the premise of the situational approach to normality?
How the majority of people think, feel, and act.
Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that allow individuals to cope with the demands of life.
According to a particular set of codes relating to the social and cultural context that they are in.
What is acceptable in different contexts.
What does 'adaptive' mean in the context of individual behavior?
Being unable to adjust to the environment appropriately and function effectively.
Being able to adjust to the environment appropriately and function effectively.
Having a negative impact on one's nutritional status.
Ignoring the environmental changes and remaining static.
What does 'maladaptive' imply about an individual's behavior?
Being able to adjust to the environment appropriately and function effectively.
Having a positive impact on one's nutritional status.
Being unable to adjust to the environment appropriately and function effectively.
Excelling in adapting to new environments quickly.
Adaptive and maladaptive behaviours are often categorised as...
physiological (body functions)
cognitive (thoughts)
spiritual (beliefs)
environmental (surroundings)
Which of the following is NOT a category used to classify adaptive and maladaptive behaviours?
cognitive (thoughts)
behavioural (actions)
emotional (feelings)
astronomical (space-related)
Which of the following is an example of adaptive behavior?
Nail biting
Grinding teeth
Brushing your teeth
None of the above
Which of the following is an example of maladaptive behavior?
Going to school
Brushing your teeth
Nail biting
Reading a book
Which of the following is an example of an adaptive emotion?
An emotion that is intense and long-lasting
Feeling love/affection to a newborn baby
An emotion that is overwhelming and dysfunctional
An emotion that causes one to be unable to function properly
What characterizes a maladaptive emotion?
An emotion that helps one to adjust to a situation
An emotion that is mild and short-lived
An emotion that is intense, overwhelming, long lasting, and dysfunctional
An emotion that is appropriate for a given situation
Which of the following is an example of an adaptive cognitive behavior?
Procrastination
Acknowledging mistakes are part of learning
Rumination
Self doubt
What is an example of a maladaptive cognitive behavior?
High self efficacy
Seeking help when needed
Rumination
Setting realistic goals
What does the term neurotypicality refer to?
A neurological condition that requires medical treatment
Individuals who have standard or typical brain functioning, processing, and behaviours
A new technology in brain-computer interfaces
A specialized field of study in neuroscience
What does the term "neurotypical" refer to?
A) A term used to describe individuals with neurological conditions like Autism or ADHD.
B) A term used to describe individuals who display expected neurological and cognitive functioning.
C) A term used to describe the diversity in the brain or nervous system.
D) A term used to describe variations in neurological development and functioning.
What does "neurodiverse" refer to?
A) A term used to describe individuals who display expected neurological and cognitive functioning.
B) A term used to describe the lack of diversity in the brain or nervous system.
C) Variations in neurological development and functioning, such as those experienced by individuals with Autism or ADHD.
D) A term used to describe a typical neurological condition with no variations.
What do the prefixes "neuro-" and "diversity" stand for in this context?
A) Neuro- stands for new, and diversity stands for variety.
B) Neuro- stands for brain/nervous system, and diversity stands for differences.
C) Neuro- stands for network, and diversity stands for distribution.
D) Neuro- stands for neutral, and diversity stands for similarity.
What term is used to describe individuals who display expected neurological and cognitive functioning?
Neurodivergent
Neurodiversity
Neurotypicality
Neurodevelopment
What does the term "neurodiversity" refer to?
A single pattern of neurological development
Variations in neurological development and functioning
Expected cognitive functioning
A medical diagnosis for cognitive impairments
Which of the following conditions is an example of neurodiversity?
Diabetes
Autism
Asthma
Neurotypicality
Who are considered neurodivergent?
Individuals with expected cognitive functioning
Individuals with variations in neurological development and functioning
Individuals who have no cognitive impairments
Individuals who follow a typical pattern of neurological development
How is the range of differences among neurodivergent people regarded in terms of brain development?
As an abnormal variation that needs correction
As part of the normal variation of brain development
As irrelevant to brain development
As a fixed characteristic that is the same across all societies
Which characteristic is commonly associated with Dyspraxia?
Difficulty with spelling
Motor tics
Poor hand-eye coordination
Difficulty counting backwards
What is a strength associated with ADHD?
Repetitive behaviours
Spontaneous behaviour
Big picture thinking
Difficulty understanding others' emotions
Which of the following is a characteristic of Dyscalculia?
Motor tics
Difficulty counting backwards
Poor hand-eye coordination
Difficulty with spelling
What strength is indicated in the diagram for individuals with Tourette's syndrome?
Creativity
Honesty
Motor tics
Hyperfocus
According to the diagram, what is a common challenge for individuals with Dyslexia?
Spontaneous behaviour
Difficulty with spelling
Poor hand-eye coordination
Difficulty counting backwards
What is one of the strengths associated with neurodiversity, as shown in the diagram?
Verbal skills
Creativity
Repetitive behaviours
Motor tics
Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by symptoms that are evident from which stage of life?
Adulthood
Old age
Early childhood
Adolescence
What determines the placement of an individual within the autism spectrum?
The color preference of the individual
The individual's academic performance
The severity of symptoms related to social communication and behavior patterns
The individual's physical abilities
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autism spectrum disorder as per the image?
Persistent neurodevelopmental disorder
Symptoms evident from early adulthood
Severity of symptoms can be mild, moderate, or severe
Impairments in social communication
Which of the following is NOT a proposed biological risk factor for autism?
Interaction of several genes involved in brain development
Genetic mutations
Advanced parental age (e.g., over 45 years)
Vaccinations
Which factor is a risk for autism related to the age of parents?
Parents under 20 years old
Parents over 30 years old
Parents over 45 years old
Parents' age is not a risk factor
What evidence supports the contribution of genetic inheritance in the development of autism?
The consistent presence of physical or chemical changes in the developing brain
The interaction of several genes involved in brain development
Advanced parental age
The text does not specify the type of evidence
Which of the following is NOT one of the universal traits of autism as presented in the image?
Hyper- or hyporeactivity to sensory input
Social and communication deficits (verbal and nonverbal)
Exceptional musical ability
Repetitive behavior, interests, or activities
What is the Theory of Mind?
A cognitive process that helps us to set goals and plan
The ability to derive overall meaning from a mass of details
A cognitive ability that allows us to make judgements about other people's mental states
A process involving complex cognitive processes like working memory and problem-solving
At what age does Theory of Mind usually develop in children?
Between the ages of one and three
Between the ages of three and five
Between the ages of five and seven
Between the ages of seven and nine
What does Executive Function help us do?
Make judgements about other people's mental states
Derive overall meaning from a mass of details
Set goals, organize and plan, focus our attention, and ultimately get things done
Predict the behavior of others based on social cues
What is an example of strong Central Coherence?
Focusing on the details of each tree in a forest
Perceiving a group of trees as a 'forest'
Having difficulty with working memory
Setting goals and planning effectively
