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WorksheetsAP Bio Tri 2 Final Review
Total questions: 87
Worksheet time: 1hrs 24mins
Which of the following is the CORRECT list of water's properties?
Read Carefully!
adhesion, cohesion, high specific heat, universal solvent
adhesion, cohesion, low specific heat, universal solvent
adhesion, no cohesion, low specific heat, universal solute
no adhesion, cohesion, high specific heat, universal solute
The amount of heat needed to change 1 gram of a substance from the liquid phase to the gas phase is ___
Heat of Vaporization
Boiling point
Heat Energy
Phase change
when some molecules can cross the membrane while others cannot.
Your gums are swollen. How will rinsing with warm salt water help the swelling?
swollen gums will absorb the salt
salt lowers the temp
salt goes against the concentration gradient
water in the gums will diffuse out of the cells
What are the stages of cellular respiration in order?
Glycolysis
Calvin Cycle
ETC
Glycolysis
ETC
Citric Acid Cycle
Light Reaction
Calvin Cycle
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle
ETC
This image shows oxidative phosphorylation, which is made of two steps. These steps are...
ETC and chemiosmosis
chemiosmosis and the Krebs Cycle
ATP Synthase and Glycolysis
Calvin Cycle and ETC
This image shows that the oxygen produced in the light reactions is used in the ETC in respiration. How is it used?
Oxygen is needed to power ATP Synthase
Oxygen donates an electron that moves through the ETC
Oxygen is the last electron acceptor that pulls electrons through the ETC
Oxygen combines with ADP to produce ATP
Which of the following describes the endosymbiotic theory?
A prokaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller prokaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell eukaryotic.
A eukaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller prokaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell prokaryotic.
A prokaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller eukaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell eukaryotic.
A eukaryotic cell engulfed several other types of smaller eukaryotic cells, and eventually its compartmentalization made the cell prokaryotic.
What are the main structural and functional benefits of cell compartmentalization? (Select ALL correct answers.)
increased surface area for more nutrient and wasted exchange
decreased surface area for greater mobility
membrane separated microenvironments for specialized biochemical reactions
specialization of compartments leads to increased overall cell efficiency
What are the products of glycolysis?
Pyruvate, ATP, NADH
Pyruvate, ADP, NAD+
Acetyl CoA and ATP
Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide
What are the outputs of the Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle) for one molecule of ACETYL CO-A?
1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 2 CO2
1 ADP, 3 NADH, 1 FAD+, 2 CO2
1 ATP, 3 NAD+, 1 FADH2, 2 CO2
1 ADP, 3 NAD+, 1 FAD+, 2 CO2
Which reaction moves the cellular respiration process from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria?
glycolysis ---> pyruvate
pyruvate ---> acetyl CoA
acetyl CoA ---> PGA
PGA ---> PGAL
Where in the mitochondria does the Kreb's cycle occur?
outer membrane
inner membrane
cristae
matrix
What stage occurs in the cytosol (cytoplasm) of the cell?
glycolysis
Kreb's cycle
ETC
Calvin Cycle
When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets will rush to the site of damage and adhere to the vessel beginning the formation of a blood clot. These platelets will then release a chemical into the bloodstream, which recruits even more platelets to rush to the site of damage. As more platelets accumulate, more of the signaling chemical is released into the blood. This process will end when the blood has been sufficiently clotted and active bleeding is no longer occurring. What type of feedback loop is blood clotting an example of?
Negative Feedback Loop
Positive Feedback Loop
Which of the following is not an example of a negative feedback loop?
body maintaining a temperature of about 37°C
release of ADH to increase H2O reabsorption when dehydrated
a ripe apple releasing ethylene, which causes more ripening
heart rate increasing when exercising to deliver more O2 to cells
Which process precedes fermentation?
Calvin Cycle
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Oxidative Phosphorylation
The main purpose of fermentation is to
produce oxygen
replenish NAD+ for glycolysis
replenish oxaloacetic acid for the Krebs cycle
produce ATP
Enhancers are short regions/segments of DNA that allows for the binding of activators. What are enhancers?
transcription factors
corepressors
inhibitors
control elements
___ is the process of making RNA out of DNA.
alternative splicing
replication
translation
transcription
Longer error bars mean:
lower precision in data
more accurate data
smaller range in data
Sample E and Sample F:
Are significantly different
Are not significantly different
Sample C and Sample D
Have overlapping error bars and are not significantly different.
Have overlapping error bars and are significantly different.
Have error bars that do not over lap and are not significantly different.
Have error bars that do not over lap and are significantly different.
When can a mutation have a positive impact?
when the mutation decreases the survival for an organism
when the mutation occurs repeatedly
when the mutation increases survival for an organism
when the mutation has no affect on survival of an organism
A 3-nucleotide sequence from DNA or mRNA that codes for an amino acid is called a
triplet code
template strand
primary transcript
codon
5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'
Describe why a male is more likely to be affected by a sex-linked trait?
Males have only 1 Y chromosome
Females have only 1 Y chromosome
Males have only 1 X chromosome
Females have only 1 X chromosomes
In mitochondrial inheritance, what pattern is typically observed?
Mothers will pass on mitochondrial mutations to all of her children.
Fathers will pass on mitochondrial mutations to all of his children.
Mothers will pass on mitochondrial mutations to her sons only.
Fathers will pass on mitochondrial mutations to his daughters only.
A mutation within the promoter region has occurred. What would potentially happen to transcription rate?
Mutated promoters decrease the rate of transcription.
Mutated promoters increase the rate of transcription.
Mutated promoters can increase or decrease the rate of transcription.
Mutated promoters cease transcription of the adjacent gene.
DNA and RNA nucleotides are added via dehydration synthesis forming ...
helical structure
ionic bonds
covalent bonds
hydrogen bonds
Describe the pathway of electrons in the light reactions.
H2O → PSI → ETC → PSII → NADPH
H2O → PSII → ETC → PSI → NADPH
H2O → PSII → ETC → PSI → NADH
H2O → PSI → ETC → PSII → NADH
A (a) control group is an important part of an experiment because it represents a group (b) a treatment with a known outcome or result. A (c) control group, on the other hand, (d) receive any treatment outside of those characteristics shared by all groups in an experiment.
Which of the following is true of small, nonpolar molecules?
They easily pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer
They very slowly pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer
They require transport proteins to pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer
They are actively transported across the cell membrane
How does genetic information flow in a RETROVIRUS?
DNA to RNA to Protein
RNA to DNA to RNA to Protein
Protein to DNA to RNA
The Central Dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information in what order?
Protein to RNA to DNA
DNA to RNA to Protein
RNA to Protein to DNA
DNA to Protein to RNA
A cross section of part of a Golgi complex is shown. Part of the membrane of the Golgi complex pinches off and moves away. Which of the following is a function of this process?
to release energy from ATP
to deliver proteins to other locations in the cell
to collect amino acids for use in protein synthesis
to sent messages about cell requirements to the nucleus
What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?
ER → Golgi → nucleus
Golgi → ER → lysosome
ER → Golgi → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
ER → lysosomes → vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane
Two sets of chromosomes, divide through mitosis, 46 chromosomes in human
diploid cells
haploid cells
gametes
Order the cell cycle
G1-->S-->G2-->M-->Cytokinesis
G1-->G2-->S-->M-->Cytokinesis
M-->G1-->S-->G2-->Cytokinesis
What is the carrying capacity for this sheep population?
2.0 million
1.0 million
1.6 million
0.5 million
Predator population lags behind prey population because......
Increase in predators leads to decrease in prey
Increase in predators leads to increase in prey
Increase in predators leads to decrease in producers
Increase in producers leads to increase in prey
Folds in the mitochondria are called:
Lumen
Which of the following is one way that cells increase their surface area without increasing their size?
Cells will often include perfectly spherical membranes.
Cells will often include folds in their membranes.
Cells will often include holes in their membranes.
Cells will maximize their volume.
Which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the greatest amount of time in?
S phase
Interphase
M-phase
Cytokinesis
Mutations in genes that regulate the cell cycle will most likely lead to what disease?
Cancer
Apoptosis
Meiosis
Diabetes
Q6. In somatic cell cycle, DNA synthesis takes place
G1 phase
G2 Prophase
S phase
Prophase of mitosis
Which of these shows the cell cycle phases in their correct order AND correctly paired with their functions?
G1-growth, M-division, G2-DNA checkpoints, S-DNA replication
G1-growth, S-DNA replication, G2-prepare to divide, M-division
M-division, G1-growth, S-DNA replication, G2-prepare to divide
S-Interphase, G2-growth, M-division, G1-DNA replication
In which stage of the cell cycle does the cell grow in size?
G1
S
G2
Mitosis
What checkpoint checks for completion of DNA replication and any DNA damage?
G1 checkpoint
G2 checkpoint
M Checkpoint
Apoptosis can occur during which checkpoint?
G1
G2
M
How do bacteria sense local population density?
quorum sensing
bacteria sensing
signal sensing
population sensing
What will move across a membrane via simple diffusion? (Choose 2)
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
Na+
Ion pumps and cotransporters are used in ___.
Simple Diffusion
Active Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
Omosis
Two processes that increase genetic variation during meiosis are crossing over and _____
Synapsis
Tetrad
Independent assortment
Gameiosis
If 2n = 48 for a particular cell, then the chromosome number in each cell after meiosis would be
96
48
24
12
The pedigree of a family with a history of a particular genetic disease is shown below. Squares represent males and circles represent females. Shaded symbols represent those who have the disease
If Individual 6 marries a woman with the disease, what is the probability that their first child will have the disease?
0
25%
50%
75%
When does the process of independent assortment take place?
prophase I
metaphase I
anaphase I
telophase I
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by a recessive allele. A child has CF, even though neither of his parents has CF. What can you conclude about the parents?
One is homozygous and one is heterozygous.
Both are homozygous.
Both are heterozygous.
The child must have been adopted.
Which enzyme functions best in acidic environments?
neither enzyme
Enzyme A
Enzyme B
Both enzymes
What is being represented by the letter B in the image?
Substrate
Enzyme
reactants
Product
The location where the enzyme and substrate bind is the...
allosteric site
inhibition site
reaction site
active site
If a disease destroying wheat plants in a field swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the bird population that feed off of the wheat in the the field ?
The bird population would stay the same
The bird population would increase
The bird population would decrease
