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Benchmark Review

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 1hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction
a)
Catalyst
b)
Activation Energy
c)
Substrates
d)
Reactants
2.

Which of the following statements is TRUE of enzymes?.

a)

Enzymes are not found in living organisms

b)

Enzymes help to speed up chemical reactions

c)

Enzymes are made carbohydrates

d)

Enzymes increase the activation energy of a chemical reaction

3.
Enzymes help chemical reactions happen by _______ activation energy.
a)
increasing
b)
decreasing
c)

requiring

4.
In this diagram A is the
a)
substrate
b)
enzyme
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
product
5.
The substance(s) that enter an enzyme and are either joined or broken apart
a)
Reactants
b)
Products
c)
Substrates
d)
Denatures
6.
The area of an enzyme where the substrate binds to the enzyme
a)
Product
b)
Active Site
c)
Catalyst
d)
Complex
7.
In living things many enzymes are ________
a)
carbohydrates
b)
nucleic acids
c)
lipids
d)
proteins
8.
In this diagram B is the
a)
substrate
b)
active site
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
product
9.
Most enzymes end in......?
a)
-ose
b)
-itin
c)
-ase
d)
-ome
10.
Which molecules in this reaction are the reactants?
a)

CH4 and O2

b)
H2O and O2
c)
CO2 and H20
d)
CH4 and H20
11.
Which molecules in this reaction are the products?
a)

CH4 and O2

b)
H2O and O2
c)
CO2 and H20
d)
CH4 and H20
12.

What term is used to describe the process of an enzyme changing shape due to extreme heat or pH levels?

a)
depolarize
b)

catalyze

c)
polymerize
d)
denature
13.
Which of the following is true of the below reaction?
a)
There is one reactant and two products involved
b)
This is an exothermic reaction
c)
This is comparing the reaction rate with an enzyme vs without an enzyme
d)
Energy is absorbed by this reaction
14.

Which of the following is most likely to cause the greatest decrease in the snake population?

a)

an increase in the grasshopper population

b)

a decrease in the mouse population

c)

a decrease in the vulture population

d)

a decrease in the hawk population

15.

Phytoplankton --> Krill --> Fish --> Sea Gull

Which organism in this food chain is the primary consumer?

a)

phytoplankton

b)

krill

c)

fish

d)

sea gull

16.

In which level are producers found?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

17.

Energy flows into an ecosystem through producers and is ultimately lost as...

a)

food

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

light

d)

heat

18.

In which level are secondary consumers found?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

19.

What is the producer in this food web?

a)

anchovy

b)

shrimp

c)

algae

d)

snail

20.

In this energy pyramid, which organisms have the most energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Carnivores

c)

Herbivores

d)

Top Predator

21.
The efficiency of energy transfer from a lower trophic level to the next highest level is roughly
a)
1%
b)
10%
c)
100%
d)
1000%
22.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
23.
In an energy pyramid, energy_______ as you move up the pyramid.
a)
Increases
b)
Decreases
c)
Stays the same
d)
Changes up and down
24.

In this energy pyramid, which organism has the least amount of energy available?

a)

Producers

b)

Herbivores

c)

Carnivores

d)

Top Predator

25.
Combustion is another word for __________.
a)
Transportation
b)
Respiration
c)
Fossil Fuels
d)
Burning
26.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
27.
The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?
a)
lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
b)
lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere
c)
higher levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
d)
higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
28.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
29.

What is the arrow pointing at?

a)

carrying capacity

b)

biotic potential

c)

density-independent

d)

density dependent

30.

When you step out into the cold, your body shivers in order to keep its temperature at 98.6F. Which characteristic of life does this represent?

a)

All living things use energy

b)

All living things contain cells

c)

All living things maintain homeostasis

d)

All living things grow

31.

Which characteristic is shown: A plant switches position and follows the sunlight throughout the day.

a)

Grow and develop

b)

Respond to a stimulus

c)

Acquire and use energy

d)

Reproduce

32.
It is hot outside. You start sweating. In this case, the hot weather is the...
a)
stimulus
b)
response
c)
cause and effect
d)
responder
33.

Maintaining a stable internal

environment is called

a)

homeostasis

b)

equilibrium

c)

balance

d)

evenness

34.
Viruses are...
a)
prokaryotic
b)
eukaryotic
c)
non-living
d)
endospores
35.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need  bacteria
d)
They need insulin
36.
Viruses can reproduce on their own
a)
False
b)
True
37.

A virus is considered non-living because...

a)

They do not have DNA

b)

It does not have all the characteristics of life

c)

They can't evolve

d)

They make you sick

38.
Which of the following is a trait that a virus shares with a living organism?
a)
They use oxygen
b)
They have genetic material
c)
They grow
d)
They digest food
39.

What converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants and animals?

a)

bacteria

b)

rain

c)

fungi

d)

car exhaust

40.

What is the process of combining nitrogen gas with other elements to make nitrogen into usable compounds?

a)

nitrogen composition

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

ammonia

d)

denitrification

41.

What process occurs when dead plant and animal matter decomposes and nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere?

a)

Assimilation

b)

Fixation

c)

Ammonification

d)

Denitrification

42.

Bacteria fix nitrogen from the atmosphere into a form plants can use.

a)

True

b)

False

43.

What is made in the mitochondria?

a)

protein

b)

energy

c)

nucleotides

d)

waste

44.

Which organelle is found in plant cells, but not in animal cells?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

lysosome

d)

chloroplast

45.

Which process happens in the mitochondria?

a)

photosynthesis

b)

protein synthesis

c)

DNA replication

d)

cellular respiration

46.

Where are proteins made?

a)

nucleus

b)

ribosome

c)

Golgi Apparatus

d)

vacuole

47.

Which organelle puts the finishing touches on proteins and ships them around the cell or out of the cell?

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Golgi Apparatus

48.

Which organelle is like the trash processing center for the cell?

a)

Lysosome

b)

Vacuole

c)

Vesicle

d)

Nucleus

49.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
50.
succession that occurs in an area with no soil
a)
ecological succession 
b)
primary succession 
c)
secondary succession
d)
pioneer speciles
51.

Which of the following best describes primary succession?

a)

Volcano wipes out ecosystem that gradually grows back from ash covered soil

b)

Volcano creates a new island of rock that must break down to form an ecosystem

c)

Forest fire burns down forest that must bounce back over time

d)

Tornado destroys a crop that must slowly grow back over time.

52.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
ecological succession
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
53.
What are examples of pioneer species in a primary succession?
a)
Bushes and Shrubs
b)
Oak trees
c)
Mossess and Lichens 
d)
A rose Bush
54.
Combustion is another word for __________.
a)
Transportation
b)
Respiration
c)
Fossil Fuels
d)
Burning
55.

The Endosymbiotic Theory explains

a)

the origin of prokaryotes

b)

how bacteria lives

c)

the origin of eukaryotes

d)

how species develop

56.

Bacteria are an example of a ____ cell.

a)

prokaryotic

b)

eukaryotic

c)

plant

d)

animal

57.

_____ and _____ are organelles that arose from endosymbiosis

a)

nucleus and cell membrane

b)

mitochondria and chloroplasts

c)

cell wall and chloroplasts

d)

mitochondria and nucleus

58.
Theory that says eukaryotic cells formed from symbiosis among several different prokaryotes.
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Biogenesis Theory
c)
Evolutionary Theory
d)
Endosymbiotic Theory
59.

A relationship where two organisms help each other and benefit?

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

predation

60.

A relationship were one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

a)

mutualism

b)

predation

c)

commensalism

d)

competition

61.

A relationship were one organism uses another to survive; often harming it in the process

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

competition

62.
Which is an example of commensalism?
a)
Two different kinds of organisms harming each other. 
b)
Two different kinds of organisms are neither helping nor harming each other. 
c)
One kind of organism is being helped, but the other one is not harmed or helped. 
d)
One kind of organism is being helped, but the other is harmed. 
63.
Which interaction benefits both organisms?
a)
A flea living on a dog
b)
A bee pollinating a flower
c)
A tapeworm living inside an animal
d)
A mosquito biting a person
64.
A mite lives in the base of the eyelashes of people who use mascara. It feeds on the mascara; it does not seem to harm people. What type of symbiotic relationship is this?
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
65.

The first organisms to reappear after an ecosystem is damaged.

a)

Abiotic Community

b)

Pioneer species

c)

Succession

d)

Biomass

66.

What did the bacteria that used oxygen to produce their own energy evolve into?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosomes

67.

What did the bacteria that used sunlight energy to produce their own food evolve into?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosomes

68.

Nitrogen fixation...

a)

animals eat the plants and other animals that contain nitrogen and release it through their waste

b)

Bacteria in the soil and lightning in the atmosphere “fix” the nitrogen

c)

Once in the ground, bacteria in the soil also nitrify the nitrogen

d)

plants absorb nitrogen through their roots and return it back to the atmosphere

69.

Nitrification...

a)

animals eat the plants and other animals that contain nitrogen and release it through their waste

b)

Bacteria in the soil and lightning in the atmosphere “fix” the nitrogen

c)

Once in the ground, bacteria in the soil also nitrify the nitrogen

d)

plants absorb nitrogen through their roots and return it back to the atmosphere

70.

Denitrification...

a)

animals eat the plants and other animals that contain nitrogen and release it through their waste

b)

Bacteria in the soil and lightning in the atmosphere “fix” the nitrogen

c)

nitrogen is released back into the atmosphere from the animal’s waste or decomposers

d)

plants absorb nitrogen through their roots and return it back to the atmosphere

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