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Stellar Phenomena Quiz

Total questions: 180

Worksheet time: 3hrs 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What color does a star typically have if its surface temperature is around 6,000°C?

a)

Red

b)

Yellow

c)

Blue

d)

White

2.

What is the term used to describe the brightness of a star as seen from Earth?

a)

Absolute Brightness

b)

Apparent Magnitude

c)

Luminosity

d)

Radiance

3.

Which type of star is characterized by a small size but high temperature and is the final stage of a medium-sized star?

a)

Red Giant

b)

Neutron Star

c)

White Dwarf

d)

Supernova

4.

What does the absolute brightness of a star measure?

a)

The brightness of a star as seen from Earth.

b)

The brightness of a star from a standard distance.

c)

The brightness of a star compared to the sun.

d)

The potential brightness of a star if it were closer to Earth.

5.

Which (Basic) temperature range is typically associated with blue stars?

a)

Coolest

b)

Hottest

6.

What is the typical surface temperature of a white dwarf star?

a)

3,000°C

b)

5,000°C

c)

20,000°C

d)

6,000°C

7.

How does the apparent magnitude of a star change as it moves farther from Earth?

a)

It increases, making the star appear brighter.

b)

It decreases, making the star appear dimmer.

c)

It remains the same regardless of distance.

d)

It fluctuates unpredictably.

8.

What basic temperature range do typically the red stars have?

a)

Coolest

b)

Hottest

9.

What is the primary composition of a white dwarf star?

a)

Hydrogen and helium

b)

Iron

c)

Carbon and oxygen

d)

Molecular clouds

10.

What is the significance of the apparent magnitude scale?

a)

It measures the actual brightness of stars from Earth.

b)

It indicates the temperature of stars.

c)

It helps in determining the distance of stars from Earth.

d)

It is used to classify stars based on their size.

11.

Which of the following stars is likely to have the shortest lifespan?

a)

A small, red star

b)

A medium-sized yellow star

c)

A large, blue star

d)

A white dwarf

12.

What is the primary factor that determines a star's color?

a)

Its distance from Earth

b)

Its age

c)

Its surface temperature

d)

Its size

13.

How is the apparent magnitude of a star related to its brightness as seen from Earth?

a)

The higher the apparent magnitude, the brighter the star appears.

b)

The lower the apparent magnitude, the brighter the star appears.

c)

The apparent magnitude is unrelated to how bright the star appears.

d)

The apparent magnitude is only related to the star's color, not its brightness.

14.

The H-R diagram classifies stars based on what factors?

a)

Temperature and luminosity

b)

Number of planets

c)

What constellation they're in

d)

Temperature and fusion

15.

Our sun is yellow. A star colder than our sun would be...

a)

Red

b)

Yellow

c)

White

d)

Blue

16.

What temperature is Sirius B?

a)

~ 10,000 C

b)

~ 6600 C

c)

~ 20,000 C

d)

~ 50,000 C

17.

What temperature is Barnard's star?

a)

~ 5000 C

b)

~ 6000 C

c)

~ 3000 C

d)

~ 4000 C

18.

What is the name of a star in our solar system with a surface temperature near 6,000 degrees C?

a)

Pollux

b)

Sun

c)

Sirius

d)

Orion

19.
Analyze this HR Diagram. Which group of stars is considered to have lower than average luminosity as well as a higher than average temperature?
a)
Giants
b)
Main Sequence
c)
White Dwarfs
d)
Super Giants
20.
Which property of a star is the brightness of a star at a standard distance?
a)
Apparent (magnitude) brightness
b)
Absolute (magnitude) brightness
c)
Luminosity
d)
Size of the star
21.
Compared to the rest of the stars, our sun is considered...
a)
Extremely Large and Cold
b)
Small with a medium temperature
c)
Medium size with medium temperature
22.

Which star is hotter than Deneb?

a)

Procyon

b)

Sun

c)

Regel

d)

Barnard's Star

23.

Barnard's Star has a surface temperature of about

a)

300ºC

b)

3000ºC

c)

5000ºC

d)

10,000ºC

24.
A white dwarf is the final stage for _________ mass stars like our Sun.
a)
small/medium
b)
large
c)
super massive
25.

Energy from the core moves outward through this zone.

a)

Convection Zone

b)

Radiative Zone

c)

Chromosphere

d)

Photosphere

26.

Nuclear Fusion happens here.

a)

Corona

b)

Core

c)

Photosphere

d)

Radiative Zone

27.
The middle layer of the sun's interior that contains very tightly packed gas is called the _____________.
a)
photosphere
b)
chromosphere
c)
radiation zone
d)
convection zone
28.

These can disrupt electronics on Earth.

a)

Prominence

b)

Solar flares

c)

Comets

d)

Aliens

29.

Why can we not see the corona when we look at the sun?

a)

It is invisible

b)

It is in the center of the sun

c)

The photosphere is too bright.

d)

There is nothing to see.

30.

Which star is classified as a red giant and is known for its significant brightness and size compared to the Sun?

a)

Alpha Centauri

b)

Betelgeuse

c)

Proxima Centauri

d)

White Dwarf

31.

Which of the following statements about the main sequence stars is correct?

a)

Main sequence stars are primarily found in the upper right corner of the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram.

b)

The temperature of main sequence stars decreases as their brightness increases.

c)

Main sequence stars do not follow a predictable pattern in the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram.

d)

The sun is considered a main sequence star.

32.

Which factor primarily determines how bright a star appears in the night sky?

a)

The star's distance from Earth

b)

The star's color

c)

The star's size

d)

The star's age

33.

Among the characteristics used to classify stars, which one is primarily determined by a star's surface temperature?

a)

Color

b)

Luminosity

c)

Mass

d)

Orbit

34.

What determines the brightness of a star as seen from Earth?

a)

The star’s temperature

b)

The star’s color

c)

The star’s distance from Earth

d)

The star’s size

35.

What color are the hottest stars in the H-R Diagram?

a)

Red

b)

Yellow

c)

Blue

d)

White

36.

Which characteristic primarily affects the color of a star?

a)

Its distance from Earth

b)

Its age

c)

Its surface temperature

d)

Its size

37.

Stars emit light in various colors, which are indicative of their surface temperatures. By observing these colors, astronomers can estimate the temperature range of a star. Which color indicates that a star has the coolest surface temperature?

a)

Blue

b)

Yellow

c)

Orange

d)

Red

38.

How does the temperature of a star affect its color?

a)

Hotter stars appear blue or white.

b)

Cooler stars appear red or orange.

c)

All stars have the same color regardless of temperature.

d)

Temperature has no effect on a star's color.

39.

Considering the lifecycle of a star similar to our sun, what is the next significant phase after it becomes a red giant?

a)

It turns into a white dwarf surrounded by a planetary nebula.

b)

It expands further into a blue supergiant.

c)

It collapses directly into a black hole.

d)

It undergoes a supernova explosion becoming a neutron star.

40.

Based on the characteristics described, when a star like Sirius B has a surface temperature approximately 25,000 K and a luminosity of 0.05 compared to the sun, what type of star is it considered to be?

a)

Main Sequence

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Red Giant

d)

Supergiant

41.

Considering the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, Sirius A and Betelgeuse are both stars observed in the night sky. Despite their differences in appearance and characteristics, they share some common features. Which of the following statements accurately reflects a characteristic of these stars?

a)

Sirius A is less massive than Betelgeuse.

b)

Betelgeuse is cooler than Sirius A.

c)

Sirius A and Betelgeuse emit light of the same wavelength.

d)

Sirius A and Betelgeuse are at the same stage of stellar evolution.

42.

Which might change, depending on the DISTANCE to a star?

a)

Absolute Brightness

b)

Apparent Magnitude

43.

If a scientist needs to calculate the luminosity of a star, what information would they need?

a)

Distance

b)

Apparent Magnitude

c)

Temperature

d)

Distance and Apparent Magnitude

44.

Stars that are brighter are usually...

a)

Hotter

b)

Bigger

c)

Smaller

45.

Which star is the coldest?

a)

Yellow Star

b)

Red Star

c)

Orange Star

d)

Blue Star

46.

Our sun is yellow. A star colder than our sun would be...

a)

Red

b)

Yellow

c)

White

d)

Blue

47.

Our sun is what kind of star?

a)

Blue giant

b)

Red giant

c)

Main sequence

d)

White dwarf

48.

Blue stars are the _____________.

a)

hottest

b)

coolest

c)

smallest

49.

Which is the correct order of stars from COOLEST to HOTTEST?

a)

blue, white, yellow, orange, red

b)

red, yellow, blue, white, orange

c)

red, white, yellow, orange, blue

d)

red, orange, yellow, white, blue

50.

Infer:

Naos is a star in the Argos constellation. It has a very deep Blue color. What do you think is the approximate temperature of Naos?

a)

Between 3,000 K - 5,000 K (it is a cool star)

b)

Between 25,000 K - 50,000 K (it is a hot star)

51.

Which star is classified as a red giant and is known for its significant brightness and size compared to the Sun?

a)

Alpha Centauri

b)

Betelgeuse

c)

Proxima Centauri

d)

White Dwarf

52.

Which of the following statements about the main sequence stars is correct?

a)

Main sequence stars are primarily found in the upper right corner of the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram.

b)

The temperature of main sequence stars decreases as their brightness increases.

c)

Main sequence stars do not follow a predictable pattern in the Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram.

d)

The sun is considered a main sequence star.

53.

Which factor primarily determines how bright a star appears in the night sky?

a)

The star's distance from Earth

b)

The star's color

c)

The star's size

d)

The star's age

54.

Among the characteristics used to classify stars, which one is primarily determined by a star's surface temperature?

a)

Color

b)

Luminosity

c)

Mass

d)

Orbit

55.

What determines the brightness of a star as seen from Earth?

a)

The star’s temperature

b)

The star’s color

c)

The star’s distance from Earth

d)

The star’s size

56.

What color are the hottest stars in the H-R Diagram?

a)

Red

b)

Yellow

c)

Blue

d)

White

57.

Which characteristic primarily affects the color of a star?

a)

Its distance from Earth

b)

Its age

c)

Its surface temperature

d)

Its size

58.

Stars emit light in various colors, which are indicative of their surface temperatures. By observing these colors, astronomers can estimate the temperature range of a star. Which color indicates that a star has the coolest surface temperature?

a)

Blue

b)

Yellow

c)

Orange

d)

Red

59.

How does the temperature of a star affect its color?

a)

Hotter stars appear blue or white.

b)

Cooler stars appear red or orange.

c)

All stars have the same color regardless of temperature.

d)

Temperature has no effect on a star's color.

60.

Considering the lifecycle of a star similar to our sun, what is the next significant phase after it becomes a red giant?

a)

It turns into a white dwarf surrounded by a planetary nebula.

b)

It expands further into a blue supergiant.

c)

It collapses directly into a black hole.

d)

It undergoes a supernova explosion becoming a neutron star.

61.

Based on the characteristics described, when a star like Sirius B has a surface temperature approximately 25,000 K and a luminosity of 0.05 compared to the sun, what type of star is it considered to be?

a)

Main Sequence

b)

White Dwarf

c)

Red Giant

d)

Supergiant

62.

Considering the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, Sirius A and Betelgeuse are both stars observed in the night sky. Despite their differences in appearance and characteristics, they share some common features. Which of the following statements accurately reflects a characteristic of these stars?

a)

Sirius A is less massive than Betelgeuse.

b)

Betelgeuse is cooler than Sirius A.

c)

Sirius A and Betelgeuse emit light of the same wavelength.

d)

Sirius A and Betelgeuse are at the same stage of stellar evolution.

63.

What are the two main chemical elements that make up the sun?

a)

Oxygen and Hydrogen

b)

Hydrogen and Helium

c)

Carbon and Nitrogen

d)

Iron and Silicon

64.

If you started on the surface of the sun and moved inward, in what order would you travel through the layers?

a)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Convective Zone, Radiation Zone, Core

b)

Corona, Chromosphere, Photosphere, Convective Zone, Radiation Zone, Core

c)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Radiation Zone, Convective Zone, Core

d)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Core, Radiation Zone, Convective Zone

65.

Which inner layer of the sun is the hottest?

a)

Core

b)

Radiation Zone

c)

Convective Zone

d)

Photosphere

66.

What is the visible surface of the sun called?

a)

Corona

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Photosphere

d)

Sunspot

67.

What is the name of the layer just above the sun's surface that usually has a reddish light?

a)

Corona

b)

Photosphere

c)

Chromosphere

d)

Sunspot

68.

During what event is the corona of the sun visible?

a)

Lunar eclipse

b)

Solar flare

c)

Solar eclipse

d)

Sunrise

69.

What are sunspots?

a)

Bright spots on the sun's surface

b)

Dark spots on the sun's surface

c)

Gases that extend outward from the sun's surface

d)

Bursts of radiation from the sun's surface

70.

What is a solar prominence?

4 lines
71.

What is the cause of solar prominences?

4 lines
72.

What is a solar flare?

4 lines
73.

What effect can solar flares have on Earth?

4 lines
74.

Which outer layer of the sun is only visible during a solar eclipse?

a)

Corona

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Sunspot

75.

If you started on the surface of the sun and moved away from the sun, in what order would you travel through the layers?

a)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona

b)

Chromosphere, Photosphere, Corona

c)

Corona, Chromosphere, Photosphere

d)

Photosphere, Corona, Chromosphere

76.

What is special about how the sun rotates?

a)

The sun rotates in a perfect circle.

b)

The sun rotates clockwise on its axis like the Earth and different parts take different amounts of time to rotate.

c)

The sun rotates at the same speed throughout all its parts.

d)

The sun does not rotate on its axis.

77.

How many days does it take for the equator of the sun to complete one rotation?

a)

35 days

b)

31 days

c)

28 days

d)

25 days

78.

Which part of the sun takes the longest to complete one rotation?

a)

The equator

b)

The poles

c)

The core

d)

The outer layer

79.

How many days does it take for the sun's poles to complete one rotation?

a)

35 days

b)

31 days

c)

28 days

d)

25 days

80.

What is the process called that generates energy in the core of the sun?

a)

Nuclear fusion

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Chemical reaction

d)

Thermal conduction

81.

Observing the Sun's atmosphere, what is the term for the large, bright feature extending outward from the Sun's surface?

a)

Solar Eclipse

b)

Corona

c)

Solar Flare

d)

Prominence

82.

What is the primary source of the sun's energy?

a)

Nuclear fusion of oxygen into carbon

b)

Combustion of hydrogen gas

c)

Nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium

d)

Chemical reactions between nitrogen and helium

83.

Within the structure of the sun, which layer is immediately below the corona?

a)

A. Chromosphere

b)

B. Photosphere

c)

C. Convective Zone

d)

D. Radiative Zone

84.

What is the term for the sudden, intense bursts of energy observed near the sun's surface, often associated with magnetic activity?

a)

Solar Wind

b)

Solar Flare

c)

Sunspot

d)

Coronal Mass Ejection

85.

What process is primarily responsible for the sun's ability to generate energy and light?

a)

Chemical reactions on the sun's surface

b)

Gravitational pull between the Earth and the sun

c)

Nuclear fusion in the sun's core

d)

Magnetic fields within the sun

86.

A solar eclipse occurs when the moon moves between the earth and the sun, causing the moon’s shadow to fall on the earth’s surface. At the point where the sun is completely blocked by the moon, observers on the earth can see a ring around the moon as seen the picture below. This ring is actually the outermost layer of the sun’s atmosphere. Which layer of the sun’s atmosphere is this?

a)

Chromosphere

b)

Photosphere

c)

Conduction zone

d)

Corona

87.

What is a unique characteristic of the sun's rotation compared to the earth's rotation?

a)

The sun rotates on its axis more slowly than the earth.

b)

Unlike the earth, the sun does not rotate.

c)

Different parts of the sun rotate at different speeds, unlike the earth which rotates uniformly.

d)

The sun and the earth both rotate at the same speed.

88.

What is the primary effect of a solar flare on Earth?

a)

It causes the Northern and Southern Lights

b)

It increases global temperatures

c)

It leads to solar eclipses

d)

It results in longer days and shorter nights

89.

Which phenomenon is responsible for the sun's magnetic field?

a)

Gravitational differentiation

b)

Thermal convection

c)

Differential rotation

d)

Nuclear fusion

90.

What is the term used to describe the dark spots on the sun's surface that are cooler than surrounding areas?

a)

Solar flares

b)

Coronal holes

c)

Sunspots

d)

Prominences

91.

What layer of the sun do we see with our naked eyes?

a)

Corona

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Photosphere

d)

Convective Zone

92.

What are the two main chemical elements that make up the sun?

a)

Oxygen and Hydrogen

b)

Hydrogen and Helium

c)

Carbon and Nitrogen

d)

Iron and Silicon

93.

If you started on the surface of the sun and moved inward, in what order would you travel through the layers?

a)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Convective Zone, Radiation Zone, Core

b)

Corona, Chromosphere, Photosphere, Convective Zone, Radiation Zone, Core

c)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Radiation Zone, Convective Zone, Core

d)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Core, Radiation Zone, Convective Zone

94.

Which inner layer of the sun is the hottest?

a)

Core

b)

Radiation Zone

c)

Convective Zone

d)

Photosphere

95.

What is the visible surface of the sun called?

a)

Corona

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Photosphere

d)

Sunspot

96.

What is the name of the layer just above the sun's surface that usually has a reddish light?

a)

Corona

b)

Photosphere

c)

Chromosphere

d)

Sunspot

97.

During what event is the corona of the sun visible?

a)

Lunar eclipse

b)

Solar flare

c)

Solar eclipse

d)

Sunrise

98.

What are sunspots?

a)

Bright spots on the sun's surface

b)

Dark spots on the sun's surface

c)

Gases that extend outward from the sun's surface

d)

Bursts of radiation from the sun's surface

99.

What is a solar prominence?

4 lines
100.

What is the cause of solar prominences?

4 lines
101.

What is a solar flare?

4 lines
102.

What effect can solar flares have on Earth?

4 lines
103.

Which outer layer of the sun is only visible during a solar eclipse?

a)

Corona

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Sunspot

104.

If you started on the surface of the sun and moved away from the sun, in what order would you travel through the layers?

a)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona

b)

Chromosphere, Photosphere, Corona

c)

Corona, Chromosphere, Photosphere

d)

Photosphere, Corona, Chromosphere

105.

What is special about how the sun rotates?

a)

The sun rotates in a perfect circle.

b)

The sun rotates clockwise on its axis like the Earth and different parts take different amounts of time to rotate.

c)

The sun rotates at the same speed throughout all its parts.

d)

The sun does not rotate on its axis.

106.

How many days does it take for the equator of the sun to complete one rotation?

a)

35 days

b)

31 days

c)

28 days

d)

25 days

107.

Which part of the sun takes the longest to complete one rotation?

a)

The equator

b)

The poles

c)

The core

d)

The outer layer

108.

How many days does it take for the sun's poles to complete one rotation?

a)

35 days

b)

31 days

c)

28 days

d)

25 days

109.

What are the three characteristics used to compare stars?

a)

Temperature/Color, Size, Absolute Brightness

b)

Distance, Luminosity, Age

c)

Mass, Composition, Distance

d)

Luminosity, Temperature, Mass

110.

What color stars are the coolest?

a)

Red

b)

Blue

c)

Yellow

d)

White

111.

What color stars are the hottest?

a)

Red

b)

Blue

c)

Yellow

d)

White

112.

Which are brighter: small stars or large stars?

a)

Small stars

b)

Large stars

c)

Brightness is not related to size

d)

Only white stars are bright

113.

How can the brightness of a star be given?

a)

Apparent Magnitude and Absolute Brightness

b)

Luminosity and Density

c)

Mass and Temperature

d)

Age and Size

114.

What does a star's apparent magnitude measure?

a)

Its brightness when viewed from Earth

b)

Its actual brightness regardless of distance

c)

The number of photons it emits

d)

Its size compared to other stars

115.

What does a star's absolute brightness measure?

a)

Its brightness when viewed from Earth

b)

Its actual brightness regardless of distance

c)

The number of photons it emits

d)

Its size compared to other stars

116.

What is the H-R Diagram used to show?

a)

The relationship between stars' color/temperature, brightness, and type.

b)

The distance between stars and Earth.

c)

The age of different stars.

d)

The size of stars compared to planets.

117.

How many categories of stars are there on the H-R Diagram?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

118.

Which category do 90% of all stars fall into on the H-R Diagram?

a)

Supergiants

b)

Giants

c)

White Dwarfs

d)

Main Sequence

119.

What can you read about a star from the H-R Diagram?

a)

Its distance from Earth

b)

Its absolute brightness and color

c)

The number of planets orbiting it

d)

Its velocity through space

120.

Which star is brighter: Spica or Altair?

a)

Spica

b)

Altair

c)

They are equally bright

d)

Cannot be determined from the diagram

121.

What color is Mira?

a)

Blue or blue-white

b)

White

c)

Yellow

d)

Red-orange

122.

Which is hotter: Sirius B or Antares?

a)

Sirius B

b)

Antares

c)

They have the same temperature

d)

Cannot be determined from the diagram

123.

What do these stars all have in common: Aldebaran, Mira, Pollux, and Arcturus?

a)

They are all supergiants

b)

They are all white stars

c)

They are all part of the same constellation

d)

They are all red giants

124.

How are Sun and North Star (Polaris) different?

a)

Polaris is a supergiant, while the Sun is a main-sequence star

b)

Polaris is a main-sequence star, while the Sun is a supergiant

c)

Polaris is hotter than the Sun

d)

Polaris is less luminous than the Sun

125.

What are the two main chemical elements that make up the sun?

a)

Oxygen and Hydrogen

b)

Hydrogen and Helium

c)

Carbon and Nitrogen

d)

Iron and Silicon

126.

If you started on the surface of the sun and moved inward, in what order would you travel through the layers?

a)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Convective Zone, Radiation Zone, Core

b)

Corona, Chromosphere, Photosphere, Convective Zone, Radiation Zone, Core

c)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Radiation Zone, Convective Zone, Core

d)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona, Core, Radiation Zone, Convective Zone

127.

Which inner layer of the sun is the hottest?

a)

Core

b)

Radiation Zone

c)

Convective Zone

d)

Photosphere

128.

What is the visible surface of the sun called?

a)

Corona

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Photosphere

d)

Sunspot

129.

What is the name of the layer just above the sun's surface that usually has a reddish light?

a)

Corona

b)

Photosphere

c)

Chromosphere

d)

Sunspot

130.

During what event is the corona of the sun visible?

a)

Lunar eclipse

b)

Solar flare

c)

Solar eclipse

d)

Sunrise

131.

What are sunspots?

a)

Bright spots on the sun's surface

b)

Dark spots on the sun's surface

c)

Gases that extend outward from the sun's surface

d)

Bursts of radiation from the sun's surface

132.

What is a solar prominence?

4 lines
133.

What is the cause of solar prominences?

4 lines
134.

What is a solar flare?

4 lines
135.

What effect can solar flares have on Earth?

4 lines
136.

Which outer layer of the sun is only visible during a solar eclipse?

a)

Corona

b)

Chromosphere

c)

Sunspot

137.

If you started on the surface of the sun and moved away from the sun, in what order would you travel through the layers?

a)

Photosphere, Chromosphere, Corona

b)

Chromosphere, Photosphere, Corona

c)

Corona, Chromosphere, Photosphere

d)

Photosphere, Corona, Chromosphere

138.

What is special about how the sun rotates?

a)

The sun rotates in a perfect circle.

b)

The sun rotates clockwise on its axis like the Earth and different parts take different amounts of time to rotate.

c)

The sun rotates at the same speed throughout all its parts.

d)

The sun does not rotate on its axis.

139.

How many days does it take for the equator of the sun to complete one rotation?

a)

35 days

b)

31 days

c)

28 days

d)

25 days

140.

Which part of the sun takes the longest to complete one rotation?

a)

The equator

b)

The poles

c)

The core

d)

The outer layer

141.

How many days does it take for the sun's poles to complete one rotation?

a)

35 days

b)

31 days

c)

28 days

d)

25 days

142.

How many stars are in our solar system?

a)

too many to count

b)

billions

c)

one

d)

only the stars that we can see

143.

Why does the sun feel so hot and look like the brightest star in our sky?

a)

It is yellow.

b)

It is the biggest star.

c)

We can see it in the daytime.

d)

It is the closest star to earth.

144.

Stars are composed of _____________.

a)

solids

b)

liquids

c)

gases

145.

Stars emit which two forms of energy?

a)

fire and ice

b)

fire and heat

c)

heat and light

d)

light and fire

146.

Peter has learned that many stars are actually larger than the sun. If this is true, why do these stars appear like tiny points of light in the night sky?

a)

These stars are hotter than the sun.

b)

These stars are farther away from Earth than the sun.

c)

These stars have less mass than the sun

d)

These stars are made of different chemicals than the sun.

147.

Stars are always the same ___________.

a)

color

b)

shape

c)

size

d)

distance from Earth

148.

If two stars are the same size, then _______________________.

a)

the cooler star will be brighter than hotter star

b)

the smaller star will always appear brighter than the bigger star

c)

the star that is closer to the Earth will appear brighter than the star that is farther away

d)

stars are all the same brightness no matter how far away

149.

The stars in a constellation APPEAR to be close to each other in the shape, but they actually may be ______.

a)

very close to each other

b)

great distances apart from each other

c)

in our Solar System

150.

Constellations may be only visible during certain seasons due to the Earth’s orbit around the____.

a)

Earth

b)

sun

c)

moon

d)

other planets

151.

The main gases that burn within the sun are

a)

Oxygen and Nitrogen

b)

Hydrogen and Oxygen

c)

Neon and Sulfur

d)

Hydrogen and Helium

152.
True or False
Constellations are stars that appear to be in a pattern.
a)
True
b)
False
153.
What are stars?
a)
Rocky bodies
b)
Hot exploding balls of gas
c)
5 pointed shapes
d)
Hollywood actors
154.

Our sun does NOT ___________?

a)

makes day brighter than night

b)

provide heat energy for the water cycle

c)

heat our water, land, and air

d)

burn trees and plants

155.

You can tell stars apart by looking at their ___?

a)

size, color, and brightness

b)

size, heat, and light

c)

size, temperature, and distance

d)

brightness, color, and distance

156.

What are stars made of?

a)

gas and dust from Earth

b)

gas and dust from space

c)

gas, dust, and bright light

d)

gas and bright light

157.

Without the Sun, Earth would be_______?

a)

too far away

b)

too cold to live on

c)

too hot to live on

d)

overgrown with plants and animals

158.

We can use what tool to help us look at the Sun & stars?

a)

microscope

b)

barometer

c)

odometer

d)

telescope

159.

Which star is closest to Earth?

a)

Polaris

b)

Vega

c)

the Sun

d)

Sirius

160.

What do stars look like from our eyes?

a)

flashing lights

b)

streaks of light

c)

points of light

d)

bright and big spots

161.

Which of the following is NOT a type of star?

a)

Supergiant

b)

White dwarf

c)

Red Giant

d)

Blackholes

162.

Which best describes the Sun?

a)

small, blue star

b)

large, red star

c)

medium, yellow star

d)

large, yellow star

163.

Why can't we see the stars during the day?

a)

other stars are too small to see during the day

b)

the sun is so much bigger than other stars that we can't see them from Earth during the day

c)

the sun is so brighter that we can't see other stars during the day

d)

Other stars aren't close enough to see

164.

What is the relationship between the sun and life on earth?

a)

the sun damages life on earth

b)

the sun causes plants to wither and die

c)

the sun powers life on earth

d)

the sun protects life on earth

165.

How many stars are in space?

a)

10,000

b)

millions

c)

trillions

166.
This is the inner-most layer of the sun, where nuclear fusion happens. 
a)
core
b)
corona
c)
photosphere
d)
chromosphere
167.
This is a stream of charged particles that streams out into space through the corona.
a)
solar flare
b)
sun spots
c)
solar prominence
d)
solar wind
168.
This layer contains currents of rising and sinking gas that carry energy to the surface.
a)
radiative zone
b)
corona
c)
chromosphere
d)
convective zone
169.
Innermost layer of the sun's atmosphere, produces the sun's light.
a)
chromosphere
b)
corona
c)
photosphere
d)
radiative zone
170.
What color are the hottest stars?
a)
red
b)
yellow
c)
orange
d)
blue
171.
At 10,000 degrees Celsius, hydrogen begins to change into helium and energy is released in a process called
a)
supernova
b)
pulsar
c)
nuclear fusion
d)
nuclear fission
172.
What color of star is the hottest?
a)
Blue
b)
Red
c)
Yellow
d)
Orange
173.
What is the name of the gas/dust clouds that form stars?
a)
Nebulas
b)
Protostars 
c)
Supernova
d)
Neutron Star
174.
All stars begin their life in a
a)
Main Sequence
b)
Nebula
c)
Protostar
d)
Black Dwarf
175.
What layer can be seen here?
a)
chromosphere
b)
corona
c)
photosphere
d)
core
176.
What is the sun mostly made up of
a)
Helium
b)
Core
c)
Carbon
d)
Hydrogen
177.
What protects life on Earth from gamma rays, X rays, and particles emitted by the Sun?
a)
The ozone layer in the stratosphere
b)
The ionosphere
c)
The magnetosphere (Earth's magnetic field)
d)
Clouds
178.

How old is the sun?

a)

1 million years old

b)

4.5 million years old

c)

4.5 billion years old

d)

we do not know

179.

Nuclear fusion produces the sun's energy. It fuses hydrogen into ___ atoms.

a)

carbon

b)

nitrogen

c)

lithium

d)

helium

180.
Most of the sun’s energy is a result of
a)
nuclear fusion  
b)
nuclear fission
c)
atomic reactions
d)
coronal mass ejection

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