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Carrying Capacity and Succession

Total questions: 97

Worksheet time: 2hrs 3mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Natural disasters such as flooding and tornadoes are linked to ________________.
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
old field
d)
ecosystem
2.
How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
a)
Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
b)
Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
c)
Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
d)
Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.
3.
What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?
a)
pioneer species
b)
soil
c)
climax community
d)
lichens
4.
What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?
a)
primary succession
b)
eutrophication
c)
secondary succession
d)
intermediate
5.
After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -
a)
primary succession
b)
secondary succession
c)
climax community
d)
limiting factors
6.
Which catastrophic event will most likely have the effect of returning an ecosystem to primary succession?
a)
A tornado
b)
A volcanic eruption
c)
A flood
d)
A drought
7.
starts with bare rock followed by lichen
a)
primary succession 
b)
secondary succession
c)
both types of succession
8.

Abandoned railroad tracks are overgrown with weeds. Ten years later there are small aspen trees growing in the middle of the tracks. This change is an example of:

a)

Primary succession

b)

Biological evolution

c)

Secondary succession

d)

Heterotrophic nutrition

9.

After land is cleared for farming, what type of succession might occur?

a)

Primary

b)

secondary

c)

tertiary

10.

Which of the following is the correct aquatic succession stages?

a)

Full ecosystem>trees>shrubs>fish and aquatic animals>plants> water only

b)

Water only>small plants and animals>sediment builds> pond fills with soil

c)

fire>grass>shrubs>trees

d)

bare rock>lichens>grasses>shrubs>trees

11.

If you visited a forest in 2015 and there was only small plants there when revisited in 2019, what likely happened?

a)

passing of a glacier

b)

preservation of a habitat

c)

occurrence of a forest fire

d)

development of a parking lot

12.

Which experiences the least change over time?

a)

Pioneer Species

b)

Primary Succession

c)

Aquatic Succession

d)

Climax Community

13.

What is a common characteristic among pioneer species?

a)

roots that break apart rocks

b)

long thick roots

c)

exposed surface roots

d)

soak up water quickly

14.

Which of the following best describes primary succession?

a)

Volcano wipes out ecosystem that gradually grows back from ash covered soil

b)

Volcano creates a new island of rock that must break down to form an ecosystem

c)

Forest fire burns down forest that must bounce back over time

d)

Tornado destroys a crop that must slowly grow back over time.

15.

What term best relates to equilibrium?

a)

pioneer species

b)

primary succession

c)

secondary succession

d)

climax community

16.

If farmers use a controlled burn to prevent forest fires, what would most likely be the first plants to return?

a)

trees

b)

shrubs

c)

mosses

d)

grasses

17.

Breaking News! A new island has formed off of Hawaii! What must occur for it to become an ecosystem?

a)

Secondary Succession

b)

Aquatic succession

c)

Primary Succession

d)

Ferns must grow

18.

Which would most likely result in primary succession?

a)

old forest growing

b)

undisturbed prairie

c)

pollution kills mountain lake species

d)

a Newly formed volcanic island

19.

Which progression best explains secondary succession?

a)

lichens>grass>shrubs>small trees> big trees

b)

mosses>creates soil>grasses>small trees> big trees

c)

Volcano destroys ecosystem>grasses>shrubs>small trees>big trees

d)

Volcano forms new island> lichens>grasses>shrubs>small trees>big trees

20.

Which best describes eutriphication?

a)

pond slowly filling with sediment over time; becoming a forest

b)

growth of an ecosystem following a disturbance

c)

forest burning down

d)

humans causing succession

21.

Which would result in primary succession?

a)

volcano destroying habitat leaving only soil and ash

b)

Tornado destroying a crop leaving very little soil

c)

Glacier retreating exposing bare rock

d)

limiting factors

22.

If you visited a forest in 2015 and there was only small plants there when revisited in 2019, what likely happened?

a)

passing of a glacier

b)

preservation of a habitat

c)

occurrence of a forest fire

d)

development of a parking lot

23.

Which of the following is the correct aquatic succession stages?

a)

Full ecosystem>trees>shrubs>fish and aquatic animals>plants> water only

b)

Water only>small plants and animals>sediment builds> pond fills with soil

c)

fire>grass>shrubs>trees

d)

bare rock>lichens>grasses>shrubs>trees

24.

Both primary and secondary succession start with...

a)

modify an area to allow more complex organisms to appear

b)

lichens and moss

c)

never reach climax community

d)

start from a volcano always

25.

How do pioneer species compare in primary and secondary succession?

a)

primary starts with grass and weeds, secondary starts with mosses

b)

primary starts with forest fire, secondary starts with volcano

c)

primary starts with a volcano, secondary starts with a forest fire

d)

Lichens and moss in primary, and grasses/ ferns in secondary

26.

An example of typical pioneer species, that is one that appears in the earliest stages of ecological succession is:

a)

Oak Trees

b)

Spiders

c)

Weeds

d)

Small Conifer Trees

27.

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

a)

very little soil

b)

lots of soil

c)

no soil

d)

soil that has been disturbed

28.

What best describes the term succession?

a)

rapid changes that create an ecosystem overnight

b)

gradual changes over time to fully create or restore and ecosystem

c)

forest with the tallest trees

d)

the rate species produce offspring

29.

Why do grasses appear before shrubs in ecological succession?

a)

loosen the dirt for new trees to take roots?

b)

provide food for animals returning to the area

c)

require plenty of sunlight to make their own food

d)

can grow even in areas with shallow soil

30.

Both primary and secondary succession start with...

a)

modify an area to allow more complex organisms to appear

b)

lichens and moss

c)

never reach climax community

d)

start from a volcano always

31.

How do pioneer species compare in primary and secondary succession?

a)

primary starts with grass and weeds, secondary starts with mosses

b)

primary starts with forest fire, secondary starts with volcano

c)

primary starts with a volcano, secondary starts with a forest fire

d)

Lichens and moss in primary, and grasses/ ferns in secondary

32.

Primary succession occurs in areas with:

a)

very little soil

b)

lots of soil

c)

no soil

d)

soil that has been disturbed

33.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
34.

After a volcanic eruption, volcanic rock is present (but no soil). Which of the following states the most likely order of succession that would be seen?

a)

Lichens → Shrubs → Grasses → Trees

b)

Lichens → tree → shrubs→Grasses

c)

Grasses → Lichens → Shrubs → Trees

d)

Lichens → Grasses → Shrubs → Trees

35.

The first species to populate an area during succession.

a)

Keystone species

b)

Pioneer species

c)

Foundation species

d)

Invasive species

36.

an area that was previously occupied by living things is disturbed, then re-colonized following the disturbance.

a)

Pioneer species

b)

Ecological succession

c)

Climax community

d)

Secondary succession

37.

The largest number of individuals that an environment can support long term is...

a)

carrying capacity

b)

emigration

c)

immigration

d)

population density

38.

What happens if a population grows past its carrying capacity?

a)

The population keeps growing

b)

The population starts to die off

c)

The entire species will go extinct

d)

The carrying capacity just increases

39.

This may cause a population to increase

a)

increase of food supply

b)

removal of predators

c)

removal of disease

d)

all of these

40.

Something that regulates the size of a population is called...

a)

a limiting measure

b)

a limiting factor

c)

carrying capacity

d)

biodiversity

41.

What are factors that affect carrying capacity?

a)

Biotic only

b)

Biotic and abiotic

c)

Depends on the ecosystem

d)

Abiotic only

42.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

43.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

around 500

b)

more than 800

c)

less than 300

d)

around 700

44.
Which of the following would INCREASE the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?
a)
increase in predators
b)
disease
c)
increase in available food
d)
drought
45.
If a disease destroying barley plants in a field swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the barley eating bird population in the the field ?
a)
The bird population would stay the same
b)
The bird population would infinitely increase
c)
The bird population would decrease
46.

A scientist was studying a population of fish in a pond over a period of 10 years. He observed that the population increased each year for 3 years, and then remained nearly constant for the rest of the study. The best explanation for this observation is that the population had

a)

stopped reproducing

b)

reached carrying capacity

c)

mutated into a different species

d)

run out of food and all died

47.

Factors that limit the growth of a population are called?

a)

Carrying Capacity

b)

Limiting Factors

48.

____________ is a limiting factor to the monarch butterflies because it is their only source of food.

a)

Water

b)

Milkweed

c)

Sunflowers

d)

Sacred Fir Trees

49.

When all the resources needed are available the population number...

a)

Increases

b)

Decreases

c)

Stays the same

50.

Carrying capacity is...

a)

The lowest number of organisms in an ecosystem.

b)

The total number of organisms in an ecosystem.

c)

The maximum number of organisms an ecosystem and its resources can support.

d)

The number of living organisms in an ecosystem.

51.

During which day did this population reach carrying capacity?

a)

Day 2

b)

Day 11

c)

Day 23

d)

Day 35

52.

When resources are not available a population will _____________ in size.

a)

Increase

b)

Decrease

c)

Stay the same

53.

The amount of water available limit the growth of a population?

a)

True

b)

False

c)

Unsure

54.

When you read scientific text it is important to take notes or annotate.

a)

True

b)

False

c)

Unsure

55.

Parasites and diseases will ______________ the size of a population, so the are examples of limiting factors.

a)

Increase

b)

Decrease

c)

Stay the same

56.

Limiting factors can be biotic or abiotic.

a)

True

b)

False

c)

Unsure

57.

Check all the examples of limiting factors that impact Monarch Butterflies.

a)

Time

b)

Humans

c)

Milkweed

d)

Temperature

58.

What causes a population to reach carrying capacity?

a)

Time

b)

Number of organisms

c)

Limiting factors/resources available

59.

What is the carrying capacity of the beetle population?

a)

3

b)

5

c)

7

d)

9

60.

What happens to the rabbit population on year 4?

a)

It begins to decrease

b)

It stays the same

c)

It increases

d)

It reaches carrying capacity

61.

Line graphs are used to plot _____________.

a)

Changes over time.

b)

Comparing two groups or variables.

c)

Comparing increases or decreases in population size.

62.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

63.

This may cause a population to increase

a)

increase of food supply

b)

removal of predators

c)

removal of disease

d)

all of these

64.
If a disease destroying barley plants in a field swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the barley eating bird population in the the field ?
a)
The bird population would stay the same
b)
The bird population would infinitely increase
c)
The bird population would decrease
65.

If the carrying capacity of a predator decreases, what will happen to the carrying capacity of the prey?

a)

Will Increase

b)

Will Decrease

c)

Will stay the same

66.

The graph to the right shows the interaction of the wolf and moose populations on Isle Pekie. If the moose population continues to increase, the wolves' food supply will increase. What will most likely happen to the wolf population as a result?

a)

It will decrease.

b)

It will increase.

c)

It will remain the same.

67.

In the graph to the right, what is the population of deer at the carrying capacity of the environment?

a)

3

b)

7

c)

70

d)

40

68.

When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?

a)

It continues to grow higher and higher.

b)

The population starts to die off and returns to the carrying capacity.

c)

The population will go extinct due to lack of resources.

69.

The picture to the right represents a sunny, dry desert.

Which factor most likely limits the desert’s carrying

capacity for plant life?

a)

the number of animals that eat plants

b)

the amount of sunlight

c)

the availability of space to grow

d)

the availability of water

70.

A population of salamanders that live in a river require clear, fresh water to survive. New housing developments have caused tons of sediment to muddy the river. Which

of these most likely will happen to the salamander population?

a)

The salamanders go live on land.

b)

The salamanders will move across land to another river.

c)

The salamanders will quickly adapt to living in the muddy water.

d)

The salamanders will decrease in number because of the water quality.

71.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
72.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
73.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
74.

Pioneer species are the first

a)

trees to grow in an area that has been disturbed

b)

trees that replace the original trees after a forest fire

c)

organisms to live in previously uninhabited areas

d)

organisms to live in a forest canopy

75.

A sequence of biotic changes that regenerate or create an ecological community is known as

a)

migration

b)

factors

c)

succession

d)

erosion

76.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
77.
A change that a living thing goes through so it fits in better with its environment
a)
Adaptation
b)
Drought
c)
Range of tolerance
d)
Chlorophyll
78.

Natural disturbances, such as fires or hurricanes, can result in

a)

A.parasitism.

b)

B.competition.

c)

C.commensalism.

d)

D.succession.

79.

How is primary succession different from secondary succession?

a)

Primary succession starts with soil.

b)

Secondary succession start with bare rock.

c)

Primary succession starts with bare rock, with lichens and moss.

d)

Fire is an example of primary succession.

80.

What is the carrying capacity of the graph?

a)

1000

b)

8000

c)

800

d)

600

81.

This may cause a population to increase

a)

increase of food supply

b)

removal of predators

c)

removal of disease

d)

all of these

82.
If a disease destroying barley plants in a field swept through an ecosystem, what would happen to the barley eating bird population in the the field ?
a)
The bird population would stay the same
b)
The bird population would infinitely increase
c)
The bird population would decrease
83.

If the carrying capacity of a predator decreases, what will happen to the carrying capacity of the prey?

a)

Will Increase

b)

Will Decrease

c)

Will stay the same

84.

The graph to the right shows the interaction of the wolf and moose populations on Isle Pekie. If the moose population continues to increase, the wolves' food supply will increase. What will most likely happen to the wolf population as a result?

a)

It will decrease.

b)

It will increase.

c)

It will remain the same.

85.

In the graph to the right, what is the population of deer at the carrying capacity of the environment?

a)

3

b)

7

c)

70

d)

40

86.

When a population grows past the ecosystem's carrying capacity, what happens to the population?

a)

It continues to grow higher and higher.

b)

The population starts to die off and returns to the carrying capacity.

c)

The population will go extinct due to lack of resources.

87.

The picture to the right represents a sunny, dry desert.

Which factor most likely limits the desert’s carrying

capacity for plant life?

a)

the number of animals that eat plants

b)

the amount of sunlight

c)

the availability of space to grow

d)

the availability of water

88.

A population of salamanders that live in a river require clear, fresh water to survive. New housing developments have caused tons of sediment to muddy the river. Which

of these most likely will happen to the salamander population?

a)

The salamanders go live on land.

b)

The salamanders will move across land to another river.

c)

The salamanders will quickly adapt to living in the muddy water.

d)

The salamanders will decrease in number because of the water quality.

89.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
90.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
91.

Primary or secondary ecological succession?

a)
b)
92.

Pioneer species are the first

a)

trees to grow in an area that has been disturbed

b)

trees that replace the original trees after a forest fire

c)

organisms to live in previously uninhabited areas

d)

organisms to live in a forest canopy

93.

A sequence of biotic changes that regenerate or create an ecological community is known as

a)

migration

b)

factors

c)

succession

d)

erosion

94.
What is the order of succession shown in this figure?
a)
A, B, C, D
b)
B, A, D, C
c)
C, D, A, B
d)
D, A, B, C
95.
A change that a living thing goes through so it fits in better with its environment
a)
Adaptation
b)
Drought
c)
Range of tolerance
d)
Chlorophyll
96.

Natural disturbances, such as fires or hurricanes, can result in

a)

A.parasitism.

b)

B.competition.

c)

C.commensalism.

d)

D.succession.

97.

How is primary succession different from secondary succession?

a)

Primary succession starts with soil.

b)

Secondary succession start with bare rock.

c)

Primary succession starts with bare rock, with lichens and moss.

d)

Fire is an example of primary succession.