WorksheetsWk 15: Vocab
Total questions: 94
Worksheet time: 47mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Digestive tract
a)
tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus
b)
Loosely coiled DNA (How DNA is usually found)
c)
transport through a membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy
d)
cells that contain 2 sets of each chromosome (one from mom, one from dad)
2.
Stomach
a)
Organ that stores food
b)
chemical produced in one part of an organism that affects another part of the same organism
c)
region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
d)
Stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart
3.
Small Intestine
a)
The identical copies of the chromatids attached at a centromere (formed by DNA replication)
b)
messenger RNA copies message from DNA and brings it out of the nucleus to the ribosome
c)
Tightly coiled DNA (only present during mitosis & meiosis)
d)
Organ where most digestion occurs
4.
Large Intestine
a)
signal that cause an organism to respond
b)
process of making mRNA from DNA
c)
Organ where water is absorbed, and waste is eliminated
d)
Organ where most digestion occurs
5.
Pancreas
a)
nucleic acid that has the directions for making proteins
b)
Body cells
c)
elements or compounds that enter a chemical reaction
d)
Large glandular organ, produces hormones that help maintain homeostasis
6.
Lipid
a)
transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
b)
elements or compounds that enter a chemical reaction
c)
Contains carbon
d)
organic molecules that is used to store energy, fats and oils
7.
Enzyme
a)
A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body
b)
blood vessels where gas exchange occurs
c)
single sugars - the main building blocks of carbohydrates
d)
type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
8.
Fatty acid
a)
subunit of a lipid
b)
The simplest unit, or the repeating unit, of a polymer
c)
sugar found in DNA
d)
flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surrounding
9.
Lung
a)
respiratory organ; place where gases are exchanged between the blood and inhaled air
b)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
c)
Organ that stores food
d)
organic molecules that is used to store energy, fats and oils
10.
Alveoli
a)
one of the many tiny air sacs at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur
b)
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into ATP
c)
elements or compounds that enter a chemical reaction
d)
flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surrounding
11.
Diaphragm
a)
Moving Oxygen into the body and Carbon Dioxide out
b)
nucleic acid that has the directions for making proteins
c)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
d)
the main type of sugar used for energy by plants and animals, C6H12O6
12.
Heart
a)
building blocks (subunits) of proteins
b)
hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
c)
on or in a cell, a specific protein to whose shape fits a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
d)
region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
13.
Veins
a)
A chemical used for growth and to maintain life
b)
region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
c)
blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart
d)
A, T, C, G make up the code for DNA
14.
Arteries
a)
blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
b)
Sugar made by plants, used for quick energy
c)
process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
d)
sugar found in DNA
15.
Capillaries
a)
transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
b)
blood vessels where gas exchange occurs
c)
energy release/stored when chemical bonds are broken/formed
d)
Body cells
16.
Cell Membrane
a)
thin. Flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
b)
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
c)
Organ that stores food
d)
protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
17.
Active Transport
a)
group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to the three bases of a codon of mRNA
b)
transport through a membrane from an area of low concentration to high concentration with the use of energy
c)
Organ where water is absorbed, and waste is eliminated
d)
proteins whose main function is to provide mechanical support
18.
Passive Transport
a)
Organ where most digestion occurs
b)
transport through a membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy
c)
messenger RNA copies message from DNA and brings it out of the nucleus to the ribosome
d)
one of the many tiny air sacs at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur
19.
Selectively Permeable
a)
property of biological membranes that allows some substances to pass across it while others cannot; also called semipermeable membrane
b)
elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction
c)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
d)
a section of one nucleic acid chain that is bonded to another by a sequence of base pairs
20.
Lipid Bilayer
a)
organelle where protein synthesis occurs
b)
Active and Passive, move substances in and out of cells
c)
flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surrounding
d)
single sugars - the main building blocks of carbohydrates
21.
Diffusion
a)
process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
b)
proteins whose main function is to provide mechanical support
c)
base in RNA that pairs with adenine (takes the place of thymine)
d)
Process used to copy DNA, happens before mitosis in interphase
22.
Facilitated diffusion
a)
one of the many tiny air sacs at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur
b)
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
c)
type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
d)
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
23.
Osmosis
a)
made by plants during photosynthesis, used by all organisms during cell respiration.
b)
the double stranded structure of a molecule of DNA that resembles a twisted ladder
c)
diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
d)
transport through a membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy
24.
Cell Cycle
a)
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into ATP
b)
series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
c)
Stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
d)
the main type of sugar used for energy by plants and animals, C6H12O6
25.
Sister Chromatids
a)
series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
b)
different versions of a gene
c)
The identical copies of the chromatids attached at a centromere (formed by DNA replication)
d)
Active and Passive, move substances in and out of cells
26.
Mitosis
a)
A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body
b)
transport through a membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy
c)
part of the cell cycle when the cell nucleus divides into two identical nuclei
d)
transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
27.
Cytokinesis
a)
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein
b)
a section of one nucleic acid chain that is bonded to another by a sequence of base pairs
c)
scientific study of life
d)
division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
28.
Diploid
a)
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
b)
different versions of a gene
c)
long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
d)
cells that contain 2 sets of each chromosome (one from mom, one from dad)
29.
DNA Replication
a)
The period between divisions in which the cell grows, copies DNA and makes proteins
b)
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into ATP
c)
Process used to copy DNA, happens before mitosis in interphase
d)
Organ where water is absorbed, and waste is eliminated
30.
Somatic cells
a)
Body cells
b)
base in RNA that pairs with adenine (takes the place of thymine)
c)
type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
d)
during replication of DNA, one strand of the new molecule of DNA comes directly from the original parent molecule of DNA
31.
Interphase
a)
series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
b)
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
c)
The period between divisions in which the cell grows, copies DNA and makes proteins
d)
made by plants during photosynthesis, used by all organisms during cell respiration.
32.
Prophase
a)
first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible
b)
represents a process that changes, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
c)
Organ where water is absorbed, and waste is eliminated
d)
elements or compounds that enter a chemical reaction
33.
Metaphase
a)
Process used to copy DNA, happens before mitosis in interphase
b)
Stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
c)
long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
d)
A, T, C, G make up the code for DNA
34.
Anaphase
a)
represents a process that changes, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
b)
Stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart
c)
Loosely coiled DNA (How DNA is usually found)
d)
sugar found in DNA
35.
Telophase
a)
Stage of mitosis where two nuclei are formed.
b)
during replication of DNA, one strand of the new molecule of DNA comes directly from the original parent molecule of DNA
c)
Organ where most digestion occurs
d)
long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
36.
Complimentary base
a)
tube that begins at the mouth and ends at the anus
b)
matching nitrogen base on a strand of a nucleic acid
c)
represents a process that changes, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
d)
long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
37.
Double helix
a)
flexible double-layered sheet that makes up the cell membrane and forms a barrier between the cell and its surrounding
b)
energy release/stored when chemical bonds are broken/formed
c)
The identical copies of the chromatids attached at a centromere (formed by DNA replication)
d)
the double stranded structure of a molecule of DNA that resembles a twisted ladder
38.
Deoxyribose
a)
transport through a membrane from an area of low concentration to high concentration with the use of energy
b)
sugar found in DNA
c)
blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart
d)
part of the cell cycle when the cell nucleus divides into two identical nuclei
39.
Semiconservative
a)
hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
b)
during replication of DNA, one strand of the new molecule of DNA comes directly from the original parent molecule of DNA
c)
Tightly coiled DNA (only present during mitosis & meiosis)
d)
base in RNA that pairs with adenine (takes the place of thymine)
40.
Nitrogenous base
a)
division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
b)
A, T, C, G make up the code for DNA
c)
group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to the three bases of a codon of mRNA
d)
matching nitrogen base on a strand of a nucleic acid
41.
DNA
a)
subunit of a lipid
b)
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
c)
nucleic acid that has the directions for making proteins
d)
chemical produced in one part of an organism that affects another part of the same organism
42.
Replication
a)
byproducts of metabolism, must be removed from the body
b)
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
c)
Moving Oxygen into the body and Carbon Dioxide out
d)
sugar found in DNA
43.
Nucleic acids
a)
Stage of mitosis where two nuclei are formed.
b)
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein
c)
organic molecule carry genetic information, made of nucleotides
d)
process used by autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose.
44.
Nucleotide
a)
the main type of sugar used for energy by plants and animals, C6H12O6
b)
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into ATP
c)
signal that cause an organism to respond
d)
building blocks (subunits) of nucleic acids - has a phosphate group, sugar, and base
45.
Chromosomes
a)
Organ where most digestion occurs
b)
one of the many tiny air sacs at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur
c)
diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
d)
Tightly coiled DNA (only present during mitosis & meiosis)
46.
Sister chromatids
a)
The identical copies of the chromatids attached at a centromere (formed by DNA replication)
b)
respiratory organ; place where gases are exchanged between the blood and inhaled air
c)
scientific study of life
d)
subunit of a lipid
47.
Centromere
a)
organelle where protein synthesis occurs
b)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
c)
region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
d)
signal that cause an organism to respond
48.
Chromatin
a)
blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart
b)
Maintaining a relatively constant set of internal conditions
c)
a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins
d)
Loosely coiled DNA (How DNA is usually found)
49.
Homologous chromosomes
a)
Organ where most digestion occurs
b)
transport through a membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration without the use of energy
c)
Process used to copy DNA, happens before mitosis in interphase
d)
Chromosome pairs (1 from each parent) that have the same genes, but the genes may contain different alleles.
50.
Gene
a)
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
b)
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein
c)
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
d)
protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
51.
Allele
a)
byproducts of metabolism, must be removed from the body
b)
different versions of a gene
c)
Loosely coiled DNA (How DNA is usually found)
d)
Chromosome pairs (1 from each parent) that have the same genes, but the genes may contain different alleles.
52.
Biology
a)
byproducts of metabolism, must be removed from the body
b)
organic molecule carry genetic information, made of nucleotides
c)
scientific study of life
d)
Organ where most digestion occurs
53.
Sexual reproduction
a)
Tightly coiled DNA (only present during mitosis & meiosis)
b)
type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form the first cell of a new organism
c)
on or in a cell, a specific protein to whose shape fits a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
d)
transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
54.
Asexual reproduction
a)
The period between divisions in which the cell grows, copies DNA and makes proteins
b)
process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
c)
a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins
d)
Process used to copy DNA, happens before mitosis in interphase
55.
Metabolism
a)
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
b)
the combination of chemical reactions that build up or break down material in the body
c)
Organ where most digestion occurs
d)
Active and Passive, move substances in and out of cells
56.
Stimulus
a)
Stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
b)
signal that cause an organism to respond
c)
the double stranded structure of a molecule of DNA that resembles a twisted ladder
d)
blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart
57.
Gas Exchange
a)
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
b)
Moving Oxygen into the body and Carbon Dioxide out
c)
Sugar made by plants, used for quick energy
d)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
58.
Homeostasis
a)
Maintaining a relatively constant set of internal conditions
b)
represents a process that changes, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
c)
decodes the mRNA to make a protein.
d)
transport through a membrane from an area of low concentration to high concentration with the use of energy
59.
Nutrient
a)
part of the cell cycle when the cell nucleus divides into two identical nuclei
b)
A chemical used for growth and to maintain life
c)
Organ where water is absorbed, and waste is eliminated
d)
Maintaining a relatively constant set of internal conditions
60.
Waste
a)
byproducts of metabolism, must be removed from the body
b)
protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
c)
respiratory organ; place where gases are exchanged between the blood and inhaled air
d)
Stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
61.
Transport
a)
organic molecules that is used to store energy, fats and oils
b)
Active and Passive, move substances in and out of cells
c)
building blocks (subunits) of nucleic acids - has a phosphate group, sugar, and base
d)
signal that cause an organism to respond
62.
Protein
a)
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
b)
subunit of a lipid
c)
first and longest phase of mitosis in which the genetic material inside the nucleus condenses and the chromosomes become visible
d)
organic molecules with structural importance in cells, made of amino acids
63.
Amino acid
a)
process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
b)
building blocks (subunits) of proteins
c)
process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
d)
the combination of chemical reactions that build up or break down material in the body
64.
RNA
a)
transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
b)
three nucleotides in mRNA that code for a single amino acid
c)
A protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body
d)
a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins
65.
Complimentary Strand
a)
a section of one nucleic acid chain that is bonded to another by a sequence of base pairs
b)
represents a process that changes, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
c)
Stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart
d)
process of making mRNA from DNA
66.
Nucleus
a)
organic molecules that is used to store energy, fats and oils
b)
organelle that contains the instructions for making a protein
c)
Organ where most digestion occurs
d)
one of the many tiny air sacs at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur
67.
Nuclear membrane
a)
organelle that contains the instructions for making a protein
b)
elements or compounds that enter a chemical reaction
c)
membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
d)
organic molecules with structural importance in cells, made of amino acids
68.
Uracil
a)
energy release/stored when chemical bonds are broken/formed
b)
base in RNA that pairs with adenine (takes the place of thymine)
c)
a section of one nucleic acid chain that is bonded to another by a sequence of base pairs
d)
series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells
69.
Codon
a)
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
b)
Sugar made by plants, used for quick energy
c)
proteins whose main function is to provide mechanical support
d)
three nucleotides in mRNA that code for a single amino acid
70.
Transcription
a)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
b)
messenger RNA copies message from DNA and brings it out of the nucleus to the ribosome
c)
process of making mRNA from DNA
d)
one of the many tiny air sacs at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provide surface area for gas exchange to occur
71.
MRNA
a)
division of the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells
b)
messenger RNA copies message from DNA and brings it out of the nucleus to the ribosome
c)
matching nitrogen base on a strand of a nucleic acid
d)
organic molecules with structural importance in cells, made of amino acids
72.
Translation
a)
different versions of a gene
b)
decodes the mRNA to make a protein.
c)
A chemical used for growth and to maintain life
d)
on or in a cell, a specific protein to whose shape fits a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
73.
TRNA
a)
process used by autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose.
b)
respiratory organ; place where gases are exchanged between the blood and inhaled air
c)
chemical produced in one part of an organism that affects another part of the same organism
d)
transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis
74.
Ribosomes
a)
organelle where protein synthesis occurs
b)
A, T, C, G make up the code for DNA
c)
a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins
d)
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
75.
Polypeptide
a)
blood vessels where gas exchange occurs
b)
organic molecules with structural importance in cells, made of amino acids
c)
long chain of amino acids that makes proteins
d)
during replication of DNA, one strand of the new molecule of DNA comes directly from the original parent molecule of DNA
76.
Anticodon
a)
group of three bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to the three bases of a codon of mRNA
b)
the combination of chemical reactions that build up or break down material in the body
c)
single sugars - the main building blocks of carbohydrates
d)
decodes the mRNA to make a protein.
77.
Enzymes
a)
blood vessels where gas exchange occurs
b)
matching nitrogen base on a strand of a nucleic acid
c)
protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
d)
messenger RNA copies message from DNA and brings it out of the nucleus to the ribosome
78.
Hormone
a)
protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions
b)
chemical produced in one part of an organism that affects another part of the same organism
c)
organic molecules that is used to store energy, fats and oils
d)
transport through a membrane from an area of low concentration to high concentration with the use of energy
79.
Structural Proteins
a)
proteins whose main function is to provide mechanical support
b)
thin. Flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
c)
Organ that stores food
d)
A chemical used for growth and to maintain life
80.
Receptors
a)
Organ that stores food
b)
blood vessels where gas exchange occurs
c)
on or in a cell, a specific protein to whose shape fits a specific molecular messenger, such as a hormone
d)
process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
81.
Photosynthesis
a)
process used by autotrophs to capture light energy and use it to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose.
b)
organic molecules with structural importance in cells, made of amino acids
c)
three nucleotides in mRNA that code for a single amino acid
d)
respiratory organ; place where gases are exchanged between the blood and inhaled air
82.
Glucose
a)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
b)
organic molecules with structural importance in cells, made of amino acids
c)
the main type of sugar used for energy by plants and animals, C6H12O6
d)
matching nitrogen base on a strand of a nucleic acid
83.
Chloroplast
a)
byproducts of metabolism, must be removed from the body
b)
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
c)
The identical copies of the chromatids attached at a centromere (formed by DNA replication)
d)
blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart
84.
Mitochondria
a)
represents a process that changes, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
b)
the combination of chemical reactions that build up or break down material in the body
c)
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into ATP
d)
base in RNA that pairs with adenine (takes the place of thymine)
85.
Oxygen
a)
scientific study of life
b)
made by plants during photosynthesis, used by all organisms during cell respiration.
c)
Active and Passive, move substances in and out of cells
d)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
86.
Inputs/reactants
a)
diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
b)
process of copying DNA prior to cell division
c)
Muscle that controls inhalation and exhalation
d)
elements or compounds that enter a chemical reaction
87.
Outputs/products
a)
a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins
b)
organelle where protein synthesis occurs
c)
elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction
d)
scientific study of life
88.
Chemical Equations
a)
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
b)
Contains carbon
c)
The identical copies of the chromatids attached at a centromere (formed by DNA replication)
d)
represents a process that changes, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals
89.
Light Energy
a)
base in RNA that pairs with adenine (takes the place of thymine)
b)
A chemical used for growth and to maintain life
c)
respiratory organ; place where gases are exchanged between the blood and inhaled air
d)
energy from the sun
90.
Chemical Energy
a)
region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
b)
process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
c)
energy release/stored when chemical bonds are broken/formed
d)
Organ where most digestion occurs
91.
Monomers
a)
Contains carbon
b)
A chemical used for growth and to maintain life
c)
The simplest unit, or the repeating unit, of a polymer
d)
The period between divisions in which the cell grows, copies DNA and makes proteins
92.
Carbohydrate
a)
thin. Flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell
b)
A chemical used for growth and to maintain life
c)
Sugar made by plants, used for quick energy
d)
Maintaining a relatively constant set of internal conditions
93.
Monosaccharide
a)
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
b)
three nucleotides in mRNA that code for a single amino acid
c)
single sugars - the main building blocks of carbohydrates
d)
Large glandular organ, produces hormones that help maintain homeostasis
94.
Organic
a)
process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
b)
Contains carbon
c)
a nucleic acid that plays an important role in the production of proteins
d)
building blocks (subunits) of proteins
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