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CPA-2 Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In humans, the haploid number of chromosomes is ____.

a)

23

b)

46

c)

69

d)

92

2.

Which of the following is the best definition for MEIOSIS?

a)

the process of two haploid cells uniting

b)

the counting of chromosomes within a diploid cell

c)

a two-step process that reduces the number of chromosomes in half such that there is only one copy of all the chromosomes

d)

the equational division of a cell into two identical copies

3.

What is unique to Prophase I- is that the duplicated chromosomes pair up to form _______.

a)

a centrosome

b)

a tetrad

c)

the mitotic spindle

d)

sister chromatids

4.

In which stage of MEIOSIS does crossing over occur? (The exchange of genetic material between chromosomes in a tetrad.)

a)

Anaphase I

b)

Metaphase I

c)

Prophase I

d)

Telophase I

5.

In Metaphase I, tetrads line up along the _______.

a)

mitotic spindle

b)

centrosomes

c)

equatorial plane

d)

contractile ring

6.

In Anaphase I, the _________ are separated by the pulling of the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell.

a)

homologous pairs of chromosomes

b)

sister chromatids

c)

centromeres

d)

centrosomes

7.

In Metaphase II, _________ line up on equatorial plane.

a)

homologous pairs of chromosomes

b)

single chromosomes (made up of 2 sister chromatids)

c)

tetrads

d)

centrosomes

8.

How many cells are formed at the end of Meiosis II?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

8

9.

True or False. In Meiosis II, there are TWO cells that go through each phase at the same time.

a)

true

b)

false

10.

The products of MEIOSIS have _______ number of chromosomes.

a)

haploid

b)

diploid

11.
Are recessive traits shown with capital or lowercase letters? 
a)
Capital
b)
Lowercase
12.
The physical appearance or the way a gene looks is known as it's....
a)
genotype
b)
allele
c)
gene
d)
phenotype
13.
The mathematical chance that something will happen is known as...
a)
chance
b)
luck
c)
probability
14.
The different forms of genes are known as
a)
environment
b)
probability
c)
traits
d)
alleles
15.
An allele or gene that always shows is
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
hidden
d)
present
16.
Two of the same genes for a trait (sometimes called purebred). BB or bb
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
17.
Two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid). Bb
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
18.
What would the ratio for genotypes be for this Punnett Square?
a)
2Bb:2bb
b)
2BB:2Bb
c)
1BB:2Bb:1bb
d)
4Bb
19.
G = dominant green and y = recessive yellow
A fish has a Gy genotype, what will its phenotype be?
a)
yellow
b)
green
c)
greenish-yellow
d)
red
20.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
21.
A ________________________ is used to predict the possible genotype from certain parents
a)
Mendel Grid
b)
Genetic Tic Tac Toe
c)
Punnett Square
d)
Pedigree Plot
22.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
water to rain
c)
parents to offspring
d)
fungi to protists
23.
He is known as the father of modern day genetics.
a)
Gregory Mendel
b)
Greg Mendel
c)
Gregor Mendel
d)
Grace Mendel
24.
Which is a true statements about this picture?
a)
Brown is recessive
b)
Brown is dominant
c)
Blue is dominant
d)
Blue is codominant
25.
What are the possible phenotypes in this punnett square?
a)
Bb, bb, BB
b)
purple, white
c)
Bb, bb
d)
light purple
26.
What is a gene?
a)
An entire chromosome that  codes for a trait
b)
a piece of clothing
c)
a piece of a DNA on chromosome that codes for a trait
d)
Chemical messengers in your brain that code for a trait
27.
What is a genotype? 
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
28.
Tall is dominant to short. What is the phenotype of this organism?
Tt
a)
tall
b)
short
29.

In colorblindness, normal vision is dominant and colorblind is recessive. The alleles are B and b. It is an X-linked disorder. What is the genotype of a colorblind female?

a)

XBYB

b)

XbXb

c)

XBXB

d)

XbYb

30.

In colorblindness, normal vision is dominant and colorblind is recessive. The alleles are B and b. It is an X-linked disorder. What is the genotype of a colorblind male?

a)

XBXB

b)

XBXb

c)

XbY

d)

XBY

31.

AB blood type is an example of

a)

multiple alleles

b)

codominance

c)

x-linked trait

d)

incomplete dominance

32.

A, B, and O blood types are examples of

a)

codominance

b)

multiple alleles

c)

incomplete dominance

d)

X-linked trait

33.

Snap dragons can be red, white, or pink in color. What type of inheritance do snapdragons demonstrate?

a)

x-linked

b)

simple dominance and recessive

c)

codomoinance

d)

incomplete dominance

34.

Chickens can be black, white, or checkered. What type of inheritance do chickens demonstrate for feather colors?

a)

codominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

x-linked

d)

multiple alleles

35.

A trait that is controlled by more than one gene is called

a)

Polygenic Inheritance

b)

Multiple alleles

c)

Incomplete dominance

d)

Codominance

36.

A trait in which a third phenotype appears that is always a blend of the parental phenotypes is called

a)

Polygenic Inheritance

b)

Multiple alleles

c)

Incomplete dominance

d)

Codominance

37.

A trait in which a third phenotype appears which includes both parental phenotypes (neither is lost) is called

a)

Polygenic Inheritance

b)

Multiple alleles

c)

Incomplete dominance

d)

Codominance

38.

The passing of traits from parent to offspring is known as:

a)

biology

b)

F1 generation

c)

F2 generation

d)

heredity

39.

Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited. Who is the father of Genetics?

a)

Mendel

b)

Curie

c)

Darwin

d)

Mendeleev

40.
What does NOT happen during interphase?
a)
growth
b)
DNA replication 
c)
obtaining nutrients
d)
cell divison
41.
Cytokinesis is a phase of mitosis. 
a)
True
b)
False 
42.
Cells spend the majority of their lives in
a)
Interphase
b)
Mitosis
c)
Synthesis 
d)
Gap 2
43.

Cells of organisms must go through cell division for?

a)

growth

b)

repair of damaged cells

c)

replacement of dying cells.

d)

All of these

44.

DNA is replicated during ______ of the cell cycle.

a)

Gap 1

b)

Synthesis (S phase)

c)

Gap 2

d)

Gap 0

45.
What is cytokinesis?
a)
This is when two cells merge together to make one giant cell.
b)
The stage where chromosomes migrate to the opposite ends of the cell. 
c)
The stage of the cell cycle where the rest of the cell divides after mitosis is complete.
d)
The stage in which DNA condenses into chromosomes.
46.
Identify the parts of the nucleotide shown:
a)
1) Ribose Sugar      2) Phosphate 
3)  Nitrogen Base
b)
1) Deoxyribose Sugar
2) Phosphate
3) Nitrogen Base
c)
1) Phosphate
2) Ribose Sugar
3) Nitrogen Base
d)
1)  Phosphate
2) Deoxyribose Sugar
3)  Nitrogen Base
47.
What occurs during G1?
a)
Checkpoint after S phase
b)
Chromosomes line up at the equator.
c)
The cell grows and develops.
d)
Spindle fibers separate chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell. 
48.
True or False:
Normal cells grow and divide continuously.
a)
True
b)
False
49.

During most of interphase, DNA is found in a relaxed form called

a)

chromosome

b)

centromere

c)

centriole

d)

chromatin

50.

During mitosis, DNA is found in the condensed form called a

a)

chromosome

b)

centromere

c)

centriole

d)

chromatin

51.

In prophase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

52.

In metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

53.

In anaphase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

54.

In telophase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

55.

After mitosis, the cytoplasm and organelles are divided between the two new forming cells in a process called

a)

centriole

b)

chromatin

c)

cytokinesis

d)

centromere

56.

This process is the programmed death of a cell

a)

stem cell

b)

regulation

c)

apoptosis

d)

cytocide

57.

These undifferentiated cells can become specialized cells after receiving a chemical signal.

a)

stem cells

b)

generic cells

c)

blank cells

d)

empty cells

58.

The cell cycle is regulated by this

a)

cyclins

b)

stem cells

c)

cyclin-dependent kinases

d)

both cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases

59.

When cells go through mitosis repeatedly without entering interphase, this results

a)

arthritis

b)

cancer

c)

mutation

d)

diabetes

60.

What molecules are in nucleotides?

a)

Phosphate group

b)

Protein

c)

Sugar

d)

lipid

e)

Nitrogenous base

61.

Which molecules make up the "backbone" of DNA and RNA?

a)

Sugar

b)

Phosphate group

c)

Nucleotide base

62.

Thymine will bond with...

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

63.

Adenine can bond with... (CAREFUL!!!)

a)

Guanine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Thymine

d)

Uracil

64.

Guanine will bond with...

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

65.

Which bases are only found in DNA?

a)

Thymine

b)

Cytosine

c)

Adenine

d)

Uracil

e)

Guanine

66.

Where is Eukaryotic DNA generally located?

a)

In the cytoplasm

b)

In the nucleus

c)

In space

67.

What is the principal enzyme involved in DNA replication

a)

glucose

b)

fructose

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Lactase

68.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
69.
The two strands of nitrogenous bases in DNA are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
70.

A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.

a)

Replication

b)

Translation

c)

Transcription

d)

Protein Synthesis

71.
Identify #2.
a)
nitrogen base
b)
phosphate group
c)
deoxyribose sugar
d)
nucleotide
72.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
73.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
74.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
75.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
76.
Based on the diagram, the enzyme (represented in gray) is most likely...
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
DNA Ligase
c)
Nuclease
d)
Helicase
77.
This picture is illustrating the ____ nature of DNA.
a)
anti-parallel
b)
deoxyribosic
c)
helical
d)
radioactive
78.
Rosalind Franklin's "photo 51" was critical in helping Watson and Crick to discover what?
a)
The double helix structure of DNA
b)
X-Ray crystalography was a technology worth looking in to. 
c)
That stealing is a great way to get ahead in life
d)
That there could possibly be life on other planets. 
79.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
80.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
81.
What is a phenotype
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
82.
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
a)
heredity
b)
trait
c)
gene
d)
allele
83.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
84.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
85.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
86.
Snapdragon flowers come in red, pink and white.  What type of inheritance is this?
a)
Complete Dominance
b)
Incomplete Dominance
c)
Codominance
d)
Polygenic Inheritance
87.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
88.
One form of a gene is called_______________
a)
a DNA
b)
a Phenotype
c)
a trait
d)
an allele
89.
Which of the following genotypes is a purebred?
a)
Bb
b)
Gg
c)
bb
d)
Dd
90.
If green is dominant over purple, then what is the genotype for this individual?
a)
Purple
b)
Green
c)
GG
d)
gg
91.
Brown fur color is dominant over black fur color. Which of the following is the actual genotype of ALL of the offspring in the next generation of this cross for fur color?
AA x aa
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
brown fur
92.
Which is the correct phenotype for this organism?
a)
BB
b)
blue
c)
green
d)
bb
93.
 Dominant alleles are-
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
94.
 Recessive alleles are-
a)
capital
b)
lowercase
c)
both
d)
neither
95.
Tt is-
a)
homozygous dominant
b)
homozygous recessive
c)
heterozygous
d)
none of these
96.

Species D is more closely related to A than to B.

a)

True

b)

False

97.

Which species is most closely related to species B?

a)

A

b)

C

c)

D

98.

Which species is most closely related to E?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

F

99.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
100.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3

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