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WorksheetsProperties of Matter, Chemical Reactions, & Periodic Table
Total questions: 105
Worksheet time: 2hrs 1mins
What is a chemical property?
A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without a chemical reaction
A characteristic of a substance expressed during a chemical reaction
A type of physical change that occurs in matter
A reaction that does not change the chemical composition of a substance
What does reactivity measure?
The ability of a substance to dissolve in water
The temperature at which a substance melts
How quickly a substance undergoes a chemical reaction
The mass of a substance compared to its volume
What is the significance of reactivity in classifying substances?
It determines the state of matter of a substance
It measures the boiling point of a substance
It helps scientists classify substances based on their chemical behavior
It is used to determine the color of a substance
Which group of elements is known for being extremely reactive?
Noble gases
Alkali metals
Halogens
Transition metals
Why are noble gases called "noble"?
Because they have a royal appearance
Because they rarely react with other elements, similar to how nobility in Europe interacted with lower social classes
Because they are the most abundant gases in the atmosphere
Because they can only be found in noble rocks and minerals
What does combustibility refer to?
The ability of a substance to dissolve in water
The likelihood of a substance heating up to a high degree or erupting in flames when heated and exposed to oxygen
The ability of a substance to produce light
The reaction of a substance with carbon dioxide
Why do scientists readily identify combustion reactions?
Because they produce light and heat only
Because they are easy to perform in the lab
Because oxygen is required to induce it and combustion always produces water and carbon dioxide
Because they only occur with methane
What are the three physical properties of matter that the text mentions will be examined?
Density, melting point, and combustibility
Density, dissolvability, and flammability
Density, melting point, boiling point, and dissolvability
Density, color, and texture
What does density refer to?
The color of a substance
The flammability of a substance
How tightly or loosely packed together the atoms and molecules are in a substance
The ability of a substance to flow
Why do submarines not sink even though they are made of steel, which is denser than water?
Because they are coated with a special material that makes them float
Because they have ballast tanks that are engineered to hold lots of water, making them less dense than water
Because they are powered by engines that provide upward thrust
Because they have large air-filled compartments that never allow water to enter
What is the purpose of ballast tanks in a submarine?
To store fuel for long journeys
To house the crew and equipment
To hold water to adjust the submarine's density
To provide buoyancy when the submarine is at the surface
What happens when the ballast tanks of a submarine are filled with water?
The submarine becomes less dense than water and floats
The submarine becomes more buoyant and rises to the surface
The submarine becomes denser than water and sinks
The submarine's speed increases due to the added weight
What is the melting point?
The temperature at which a solid turns into a gas
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a solid
The temperature at which a solid turns into a liquid
The temperature at which a gas turns into a liquid
Which metal has the highest melting point, and what is its melting point?
Iron, 1,538 degrees Celsius
Tungsten, 3,422 degrees Celsius
Gold, 1,064 degrees Celsius
Aluminum, 660.3 degrees Celsius
What are some applications of tungsten due to its high melting point?
In the construction of lightweight structures
As a coolant in nuclear reactors
In situations where high amounts of heat are involved, such as radioactive shielding
For improving the aerodynamics of high-speed vehicles
What is the boiling point of H2O?
100 degrees Fahrenheit
100 degrees Celsius
212 degrees Fahrenheit
0 degrees Celsius
What does the term "thermophilic microorganisms" mean?
Cold-loving microorganisms
Heat-loving microorganisms
Pressure-loving microorganisms
Light-loving microorganisms
What is dissolvability a measure of?
A substance's ability to change chemical properties
A substance's ability to be dissolved in a solvent
A substance's ability to evaporate
A substance's ability to freeze
Is dissolving sugar in water an example of a chemical or physical change?
Chemical change
Physical change
Biological change
Irreversible change
What can be inferred about the melting point of the cake's ingredients in the ice cream cake example?
It is higher than room temperature
It is lower than room temperature
It is exactly room temperature
It is not related to room temperature
What is a sign of a physical change?
The formation of a new substance
The release of carbon dioxide
The ability to separate mixtures
A change in the chemical composition
What can be concluded if you are able to separate the ingredients of a salad into piles?
The salad is a result of a chemical reaction
The salad ingredients cannot be separated
The salad itself was a mixture, which is a physical trait
The salad ingredients have undergone a chemical change
What indicates that burning paper is a chemical reaction?
The paper can be restored to its original state
The formation of gas from the paper is due to a change in state
The paper changes color and texture
The release of carbon dioxide as a result of the paper burning
When observing the formation of gas, under what condition can you be confident that a chemical change has occurred?
The gas is formed from the boiling of a liquid
The gas is formed without a change in the state of the substance
The gas is formed as a result of a change of state
The gas can be easily compressed into a smaller volume
What is a precipitate in the context of a precipitation reaction?
A type of solution that changes color when mixed with another solution.
A solid form produced by the reaction of two solutions.
A gas released during a chemical reaction between two liquids.
A change in temperature indicating a chemical reaction.
What is always evidence of a chemical change?
A change in the state of matter.
The release of gases.
The formation of a precipitate.
A change in the color of the solution.
What type of reactions release energy, usually in the form of heat and light, into their surroundings?
Precipitation reactions
Endothermic reactions
Exothermic reactions
Sublimation reactions
Which type of reactions absorb energy?
Exothermic reactions
Precipitation reactions
Endothermic reactions
Decomposition reactions
What is tricky about classifying a change in color in terms of physical and chemical changes?
Changes in color are always evidence of a chemical change.
Changes in color are always evidence of a physical change.
Changes in color can be evidence of either a physical or chemical change, making it tricky to classify.
Changes in color are irrelevant to classifying physical and chemical changes.
Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
Painting your desk bright green.
Building a raft out of wood.
Iron rusting to reddish-brown.
Boiling water.
What does the Law of Conservation of Matter state?
Matter can be created or destroyed, but not changed in form.
Matter can neither be created nor destroyed, and it cannot change forms.
Matter can only be changed in form, and the mass of products equals the mass of the reactants before the change.
Matter can be created and destroyed, but the total mass remains constant.
Why should changes in form not be the deciding factor in determining whether a change is physical or chemical?
Because changes in form are always physical changes.
Because changes in form are always chemical changes.
Because changes in form can also be evidence of chemical changes.
Because changes in form do not affect the substance.
What is the main purpose of balancing chemical equations according to the text?
To ensure that the material combined in a chemical reaction has a different number of atoms than the material produced.
To ensure that the material combined in a chemical reaction has the same number of atoms as the material produced.
To ensure that the chemical reaction only occurs in a closed system.
To ensure that energy is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
According to the Law of Conservation of Matter, what happens to matter during a chemical reaction?
Matter is created.
Matter is destroyed.
Matter changes form but is not lost.
Matter remains completely unchanged.
Which elements combine in the provided chemical equation to form ammonia (NH₃)?
Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H)
Oxygen (O) and Hydrogen (H)
Nitrogen (N) and Hydrogen (H)
Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O)
What is the purpose of using coefficients in a chemical equation?
To indicate the physical state of the reactants and products
To balance the number of atoms on both sides of the equation
To show the temperature at which the reaction occurs
To represent the color change during the reaction
What does the subscript in a chemical formula represent?
The number of molecules
The number of reactions
The number of atoms of an element in a molecule
The coefficient of the molecule
Why is the chemical equation "N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3" considered balanced?
Because it has an equal number of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms on both sides
Because it has more nitrogen atoms on the reactants' side
Because it has more hydrogen atoms on the products' side
Because it has an equal number of coefficients on both sides
What is the final balanced chemical equation for the reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen to form ammonia?
N2 + H2 -> NH3
N2 + 2H2 -> 2NH3
N2 + 3H2 -> NH3
N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3
What is the correct balanced chemical equation for the reaction between methane gas (CH₄) and oxygen (O₂)?
CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
CH₄ + 2O₂ → 2CO₂ + H₂O
2CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
Why is it important to balance chemical equations?
To ensure that the chemical identity of the substances is changed
To satisfy the law of conservation of mass
To make the equation look more complex
To use up all the reactants completely
What is an element, as defined in the image?
A substance that can be broken down into simpler substances
A substance that can be changed into another element
A substance that cannot be broken down any further
A mixture of two or more different substances
What does the Periodic Table of Elements contain?
Only the elements that can be found in nature
All the elements that scientists have detected in nature or produced in a lab
Only the elements that have been produced in a lab
A list of substances that can be broken down into elements
What is the purpose of adding coefficients in a chemical equation?
To change the chemical identity of the substances
To balance the number of atoms on both sides of the equation
To indicate the physical state of the substances
To show the speed of the chemical reaction
What should never be changed when balancing a chemical equation?
The coefficients
The subscripts
The reactants
The products
What does the atomic number of an element represent?
The number of protons in the element's nucleus
The number of neutrons in the element's nucleus
The total number of protons and neutrons in the element's nucleus
The number of electrons in the element's outer shell
How is the atomic mass of an element calculated?
By adding the number of protons and electrons
By subtracting the atomic number from the number of neutrons
By adding the number of protons and neutrons
By subtracting the number of electrons from the atomic number
What is the symbol for hydrogen as given in the periodic table?
He
H
Hy
Ho
Which of the following is true about the elements in the periodic table based on their metallic quality?
Nonmetals are good conductors and dominate the table.
Metalloids have properties that are a mix between metals and nonmetals.
Metals are marked by the lightest shade of gray in the periodic table.
All elements in the periodic table are either metals or nonmetals.
What is the atomic mass of hydrogen?
1.008
1
0.008
2.016
What does the second level of the periodic table element's box typically contain?
The element's atomic number
The element's atomic mass
The element's symbol
The element's electron configuration
What is the defining trait of an element that scientists consider for the organization of the Periodic Table?
Atomic mass
Atomic number
Number of electrons
Chemical reactivity
What is the characteristic of metals that is apparent in the Periodic Table?
They are poor conductors.
They are marked by the darkest shade of gray.
They are marked by the lightest shade of gray.
They have properties in between metals and nonmetals.
What happens to the atomic radius as you move down a group in the periodic table?
It decreases
It remains constant
It increases
It fluctuates unpredictably
Atoms with more complete outermost electron shells are:
Less stable than atoms with less complete shells
More reactive than atoms with less complete shells
More stable than atoms with less complete shells
Unaffected by the completeness of outermost shells
Which group of elements is known for being extremely reactive?
Noble gases
Alkali metals
Transition metals
Halogens
How is atomic radius defined?
The distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms bonded together
The radius of an atom's nucleus
Half the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms bonded together
The distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron shell
What is electron affinity?
The energy released when an atom loses an electron
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom
The energy released when an outside electron attaches to an atom
The energy required to add a proton to an atom
As you go from left to right in a period, what happens to the number of electrons in the outermost shells of the elements?
It decreases
It remains the same
It increases
It varies non-systematically
A substances potential to change based on its composition (flammable, caustic, reacts with water): (a)
Identify the following as a physical property or a chemical property:
density
physical
flammability
chemical
baking
chemical
Physical Properties can be ________
observed without changing the matter being studied
observed and measured but the matter has to be changed
observed and measured without changing the matter being studied
Using the diagram, which of the atomic models represents the most reactive element?
Argon, because it has three energy levels with eight electrons in the third level.
Lithium, because it has two energy levels with one electron in the second level.
Aluminum, because it has three energy levels with three electrons in the third level.
Carbon, because it has two energy levels with four electrons in the second level.
What metal group on the periodic table is the most reactive?
Group 1
Group 2
Group 17
Group 18
Label the following periodic table
metals
nonmetals
matalloids
transition metals
Match the following group names
Group 13
Boron group
Group 14
Carbon group
Group 15
Nitrogen group
Group16
Oxygen group
Groups 3-12
Transition metals
Match the following group names:
Group 1
Alkali metals
Group 2
Alkaline earth metals
Group 3
Rare earth metals
Group 17
Halogens
Group 18
Noble gases
Which classification of elements are solids, semi-conductors, and have physical properties like metals and chemical properties like nonmetals?
Transition metals
Metalloids
Nonmetals
Metals
Which classification of elements are gases or dull brittle solids and poor conductors?
Transition metals
Metals
Nonmetals
Metalloids
Which classification of elements are shiny, silvery solids and good conductors of heat and electricity?
Transition metals
Metalloids
Nonmetals
Metals
What are the horizontal rows on the periodic table called?
Valence electrons
Elements
Periods
Groups
Which group of elements are nonreactive due to already being chemically stable?
Group 17
Group 1
Group 2
Group 18
Which group of elements are the most reactive nonmetals?
Group 2
Group 1
Group 18
Group 17
Which group of elements are the most reactive metals?
Group 2
Group 1
Group 13
Group 18
Which group of elements have one valence electron(s)?
Group 13
Group 2
Group 18
Group 1
What are the vertical columns on the periodic table called?
Groups
Periods
Elements
Valence electrons
Both elements and compounds are pure substances.
AGREE
DISAGREE
Which of these is a compound?
Aluminium (Al)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Nitrogen (N)
Sand
Elements and Subatomic Particles
Protons and Electrons
Atoms and Compounds
Homogenous and Heterogeneous
In which mixture can you not see all of the parts?
homogeneous
heterogeneous
In which mixture can you see all of the parts?
homogeneous
heterogeneous
Ms. Powers made Kool-Aid for her classes. The sugar and powder mixture was the (a) . The water was the (b) . The Kool-Aid was the (c)
A solute is usually a ....
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Water is the universal ____.
solute
solvent
solution
What is another name for a homogeneous mixture?
Solute
Solution
Heterogeneous mixture
Solvent
Which of the following is the best definition for matter?
anything that has mass and volume
the amount of space a substance occupies
how much something weighs on earth
True or False:
Atoms are the basic building blocks of most of the matter around you.
true
false
Which of the following make up parts of an atom?
neutron
proton
electron
ultron
Which of the following parts of an atom are positively charged?
neutron
proton
electron
nucleus
Which of the following parts of an atom can absorb or release energy in the form of heat, light, etc?
Proton
Neutron
Electron
A charged atom is called a(n)...
electron.
ion.
proton.
acid.
Which of the following best describes atomic mass?
the total mass of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom
the code used to represent an element
matter that is made up of the same chemical compostition and cannot be separated into parts by physical means
How many electron shells does the pictured atom have?
1
2
3
4
How many valence electrons does the pictured atom have?
20
3
2
4
Which one appears least on the periodic table?
Metals
Metalloids
Non-Metals
Metalloid
An element that has properties that fall between metals and nonmetals.
Nonmetal
Elements that are brittle, poor conductors, and have low melting and boiling points.
Noble Gas
Elements in group 18 that have very low reactivity.
Periodic Table
All known elements arranged in order by atomic number.
Family/Group
Vertical columns of elements that have the same amount of valence electrons.
Period
Horizontal rows of elements that have the same number of electron shells.
Atomic Mass/Mass Number
The average number of protons and neutrons in one atom of an element.
Metal
Elements that are malleable, ductile, and good conductors; typically shiny.
Electron
A negatively charged subatomic particle located around the nucleus of an atom.
Electron Shell
Areas around the nucleus filled with electrons.
Valence Electron
The electrons filling the outermost shell; react with other atoms.
Compound
A substance formed from two or more atoms chemically united in fixed proportions.
Molecule
A group of atoms held together by chemical forces.
Match the Following
Element
A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
Atom
The smallest unit of an element that keeps the element’s chemical properties.
Nucleus
The dense center of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Proton
Positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron
Particles with a neutral charge found in the nucleus of an atom.
What is the atomic number?
35
18
17
52
What is the atomic mass of Neon?
10
20
30
How many neutrons does calcium have?
20
40
60
0
