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Worksheets

ESS Standards

Total questions: 86

Worksheet time: 11hrs 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Salinity refers to the amount of ___________________ dissolved in a given amount of liquid.

a)

oxygen

b)

salt

c)

Thermal energy

d)

Density

2.

Which 2 answers are true statements?

a)

As salinity levels increase density increases

b)

As density increases water will rise

c)

As temperature decreases water will rise

d)

As temperature increases density decreases

3.

Which answer below does NOT describe a cause of surface ocean currents?

a)

Continental deflection is when a current meets land and changes direction

b)

Global winds cause currents to flow in different directions

c)

Density causes cold water to rise to the surface in the ocean

d)

Coriolis effect causes the ocean currents to curve due to Earth’s rotation

4.

Which answer choice correctly describes global heat convection?

a)

Cold air rises from the equator towards the poles, because warm air rises and cold air sinks

b)

Warm air rises from the equator towards the poles, because warm air rises and cold air sinks

c)

Cold air rises from the equator towards the poles, because cold air rises and warm air sinks

d)

Warm air rises from the equator towards the poles, because cold air rises and warm air sinks

5.

Which best describes the movement of the Gulf Stream?

a)

cold currents carry cold water from the polar zones toward the equator.

b)

Warm currents carry warm water from the tropics toward the poles.

c)

Warm currents carry cold water from the tropics toward the poles.

d)

Cold currents carry warm water from the polar zones toward the equator.

6.

Due the rotation of the earth, currents flow in circular motion instead of straight paths. This is due to the …

a)

Continental deflection

b)

Coriolis Effect

c)

Global wind

d)

Deep ocean current

7.

Which of the following images best illustrates continental deflection?

a)
b)
c)
8.

This is why ocean currents are not in straight lines.

a)

Coriolis Effect

b)

greenhouse effect

c)

continental deflection

d)

Salinity

9.

What affects deep ocean currents (multiple response-3 answers)

a)

salinity level

b)

density

c)

winds

d)

Temperature differences

10.

Which argument supports the evidence from Step 3 of the investigation?

a)

Freshwater is rising because it has a higher albedo.

b)

Freshwater is rising because it is colder.

c)

Saltwater is sinking because its volume is increasing.

d)

Saltwater is sinking because it is more dense.

11.

Based on the investigation, which effect does the salt concentration of seawater have on ocean currents?

a)

Ocean currents are the strongest when the salt concentration difference between freshwater and saltwater is greatest.

b)

Ocean currents are the strongest when the salt concentration of seawater is lowest.

c)

Ocean currents are the strongest when freshwater meets another body of freshwater.

d)

Ocean currents are the strongest when the difference in albedo of saltwater and freshwater is greatest.

12.

Which answer below gives correct information about heat transfer? (multiple select – 2 answers)

a)

Conduction is touching a hot pan

b)

Radiation is the ground burning your feet

c)

Convection is feel a breeze in the evening

d)

Conduction is a hot air balloon rising in the air

13.

Which answer explains the picture to the left?

a)

cold air sinks because it is less dense

b)

warm air sinks because it is less dense

c)

cold air sinks because there are less molecules tightly packed together

d)

warm air rises because there are less molecules tightly packed together

14.

Which statement is true regarding the following image? (2 answers)

a)

The liquid in container A is more dense than the liquid in container B.

b)

The liquid in container A is less dense than the liquid in container B.

c)

The liquid in container B is warmer than container A.

d)

The liquid in container A is warmer than container B.

15.

Which heat transfer is A?

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

16.

Which heat transfer is B?

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

17.

Which heat transfer is C?

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection

c)

Radiation

18.

Which is the best example of an object having kinetic energy?

a)

a car parked on a steep hill

b)

a tennis ball rolling across the court

c)

a picture hanging on the wall

d)

a piece of coal before it's burned

19.

When a pendulum swings, at which point is gravitational potential energy at its highest?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

20.
What is it called when plants give off water vapor as a waste product?
a)
condensation
b)
evaporation
c)
sublimation
d)
transpiration
21.
What part of the water cycle does this picture show?
a)
condensation
b)
precipitation
c)
evaporation
22.
When water condenses, the liquid water forms ______________.
a)
water vapor
b)
steam
c)
air
d)
clouds
23.

Which stage does water try to return to the ocean or soak into the ground but sometimes can't ?

a)

condensation

b)

evaporation

c)

precipitation

d)

run off

24.

What is the result of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides from fossil fuels being burned then emitted into the atmosphere combining with water droplets?

a)

Erosion

b)

Acid rain

c)

Ocean acidification

d)

Global Warming

25.

The water cycle is the earth's way of

a)

Getting rid of water

b)

Recycling water

c)

Using up all of our water

d)

None of the above

26.

Most of the earth's fresh water is beyond our reach because it is

a)

Buried deep within the earth.

b)

frozen into glaciers and polar caps.

c)

Taking up most of the ocean

d)

In the sky in the form of clouds

27.

How could pesticides get into lakes and streams?

a)

too much pesticide could be sprayed and it runs off

b)

it could be sprayed too close to a stream

c)

rain could wash pesticides into a lake

d)

all of the above

28.

Which practice could humans do to save or manage water usage?

a)

restrict irrigation (watering lawns & crops)

b)

redirect the flow of a river

c)

drain the wetlands

d)

build a hydroelectric dam

29.

What are the three main factors that determine the climate of an area?

a)

precipitation, wind speed, and humidity

b)

temperature, latitude, and air pressure

c)

wind speed, latitude, and humidity

d)

latitude, temperature and precipitation

30.

What are the 3 major climate zones in order from equator to the poles?

a)

polar, temperate, tropical

b)

tropical, temperate, polar

c)

temperate, polar, tropical

31.
Which BEST describes why latitudes closest to the equator have warmer climates?
a)
they are at lower elevations
b)
they receive more solar energy
c)
they are nearer to ocean currents
d)
they get more winds that carry energy in the form of heat
32.
Which sentence best describes how latitude and temperature are related?
a)
LOWER latitude = COLDER air temperature
b)
HIGHER latitude = COLDER air temperature
c)
HIGHER latitude = WARMER temperatures
33.

What landform causes the rain shadow effect?

a)

mountains

b)

lakes

c)

plains

d)

valley

34.

Which side of the mountain usually gets deserts and why?

a)

windward, because of rising, moist air

b)

leeward, because of rising, dry air

c)

windward, because of sinking, moist air

d)

leeward, because of sinking, dry air

35.

Which side of a mountain range is closer to the ocean?

a)

leeward side

b)

rain shadow side

c)

windward side

d)

downwind side

36.
Ocean currents have an affect on which two things
a)
climate and weather
b)
temperature and density
c)
land and sea
d)
equator and poles
37.

Why would places near the north with the same latitude have very different climates?

a)

One place is near a warm ocean current.

b)

It is not possible

c)

Because of La Nina

d)

Because of El Nino

38.

After the rain falls down onto Earth's natural surfaces, what most likely happens next?

a)

There is infiltration or runoff of the rain water.

b)

Groundwater starts to evaporate

c)

Transpiration happens to the plants.

d)

The liquid turns into an gas or an water vapor

39.

97% of the Earth's water is accumulated and located in....

a)

ground wat

b)

the ocean

c)

lakes, rivers, and streams

d)

glaciers

40.

What is a layer of rock or sediment that pools and stores water underground?

a)

glacier

b)

well

c)

aquifer

d)

natural spring

41.
The water cycle is also known as ..........
a)
Hypertonic Solution
b)
Hydrological Cycle
c)
Hyperlogical Cycle
d)
None of these
42.

Where in a tropical climate are you most likely to find cooler weather and snow?

a)

at the top of a tall mountain

b)

at sea level near a cold ocean current

c)

in cloudy places near the center of the continent

d)

at the base of a mountain range that blocks air flow

43.

Tara is studying the water cycle. She knows that in order for evaporation to happen, there needs to be a source of energy that generates heat. What is the main source of energy that powers the water cycle?

a)

sun

b)

oceans

c)

clouds

d)

water vapor

44.

Why do cities that are inland have a wide range of temperatures compared to a city by the ocean?

a)

water heats up and cools down faster than land

b)

water heats up and cools down slower than land

c)

water heats up faster but cools down slower than land

d)

water heats up slower but cools down faster than land

45.

Why is the surface of the earth unevenly heated?

a)

When the sun’s energy is transferred to the earth’s surface, it hits the area around the north and south poles most directly, while hitting the area around the equator at an angle.

b)

When the sun’s energy is transferred to the earth’s surface, it hits the area around the equator most directly, while hitting the areas around the north and south poles at an angle.

c)

The earth’s surface is evenly heated.

d)

None of the above

46.

All weather occurs in which layer of the Earth’s atmosphere…

(Choose troposphere- We will learn this later ;)

a)

Exosphere

b)

Thermosphere

c)

Stratosphere

d)

Troposphere

47.

Which answer choice correctly describes the movement of air on Earth?

a)

Warm air rises from the equator and moves toward the poles because it is less dense.

b)

Warm air rises from the equator and moves toward the poles because it is more dense.

c)

Warm air rises from the north and south poles, then sinks toward the equator because it is less dense.

d)

Warm air rises from the north and south poles, then sinks toward the equator because it is more dense.

48.

Which answer choice correctly describes a convection cell? ( 2 answers)

a)

Warm air rises, then cools and sinks.

b)

Cool air rises, then warms up and sinks.

c)

Warm air rises because its molecules are spread out (less dense).

d)

Warm air rises because its molecules are packed tightly together (more dense).

49.

Which answer choice correctly describes convection cells?

a)

There are 2 major convection cells, one in the northern hemisphere and one in the southern hemisphere.

b)

There are 4 major convection cells due to the Coriolis effect.

c)

There are 5 major convection cells due to the Coriolis effect.

d)

There are 6 major convection cells, three above the equator, and three below the equator.

50.

How do convection cells function?

a)

Warm air rises from the earth’s surface, cools in the atmosphere, and then sinks back to the earth’s surface.

b)

Cool air rises from the earth’s surface, warms up in the atmosphere, and then sinks back to the earth’s surface.

c)

Convection cells only occur above the equator

d)

Convection cells only occur below the equator.

51.

Students are demonstrating the movement of wind. In Step 1, they blow up a balloon, trying to make it as round as possible. In Step 2, they draw a line around the middle of the balloon to represent the equator. In step 3, one student spins the balloon. While the balloon spins, another student draws a line from the middle of the balloon to the top.


In which two ways can this model represent the Coriolis effect? ( 2 answers)

a)

Warm air rising causes cooler air to sink to the surface.

b)

Rotation of Earth causes the wind to appear to curve.

c)

Wind at the equator is denser than wind at the poles.

d)

Cool air flows faster than warmer air as it moves across Earth.

e)

The amount the wind appears to curve depends on the speed of Earth’s rotation.

52.

Salinity refers to the amount of ___________________ dissolved in a given amount of liquid.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Thermal energy

c)

salt

d)

Nitrogen

53.

The Western Australian Current brings cool water to the western coast of Australia. It flows in a curved path instead of a straight north to south movement. This is an example of...

a)

Coriolis Effect

b)

Global Winds

c)

Continental deflection

d)

Change in salinity

54.

The Western Australian Current delivers cool water from the Indian Ocean. The speed of current is greater in summer months compared to winter months. What can you infer about the climate of Western Australia due to the Western Australian Current?

a)

It will cause the climate in Western Australia to be warmer.

b)

The current will cause the climate in Western Australia to be cooler.

c)

The current will have no impact on the climate of Western Australia.

d)

It will cause cold winters and warm summers.

55.

Two objects at different temperatures are in contact. Which of the following happens to their thermal energy?

a)

Their thermal energies remain the same.

b)

Thermal energy passes from the cooler object to the warmer object

c)

Thermal energy passes from the warmer object to the cooler object.

d)

Thermal energy passes back and forth equally between the two objects.

56.

___________________ is the type of heat transfer that occurs in fluids, such as warm air rising and cold air sinking; creating wind.

a)

convection

b)

conduction

c)

radiation

d)

insulation

57.

The type of heat transfer that happens through direct contact of molecules or particles with each other is ___________________.

a)

convection

b)

conduction

c)

radiation

d)

insulation

58.

A group of friends gather around a fire to stay warm. This is an example of…

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

insulation

59.

The way the heat is moving from the hot coffee is called...

a)

convection

b)

radiation

c)

insulation

d)

conduction

60.

Hot coffee is stirred with a spoon; the spoon gets hot due to…

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

insulation

61.

As the sun’s energy is transferred to Earth’s surface, it travels through waves. Which method of heat transfer is used?

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

insulation

62.

As air molecules come in contact with the earth’s surface, thermal energy is transferred from the earth’s surface to the air molecules. This is heat transfer through…

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

insulation

63.

The air molecules, warmed by earth’s surface, rise because they are ____________________. After the air molecules cool, they sink. This is an example of _____________________.

a)

more dense, conduction

b)

less dense, convection

c)

less dense, radiation

d)

more dense, insulation

64.

Which heat transfer is caused by uneven heating of the Earth?

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

insulation

65.

Which type of potential energy does the person in the swing possess?

a)

Electric

b)

Elastic

c)

Chemical

d)

Gravitational

66.

Which type of potential energy is unused gasoline?

a)

Electrical

b)

Elastic

c)

Chemical

d)

Gravitational

67.

What potential energy is this graph representing?

a)

Electrical

b)

Elastic

c)

Chemical

d)

Gravitational

68.

How would you describe the relationship between the mass of a car and its kinetic energy?

a)

As the mass of a car increases, its kinetic energy increases.

b)

As the mass of a car increases, its kinetic energy decreases.

c)

As the mass of a car decreases, its kinetic energy increases.

d)

There is no clear relationship between mass and kinetic energy

69.

What weather event is illustrated in this image?

a)

Hurricane

b)

Tornado

c)

Thunderstorm

d)

Flood

70.

What two words describe the temperature and humidity of a maritime polar air mass?

a)

Wet and Warm

b)

Wet and Cold

c)

Dry and Warm

d)

Dry and Cold

71.

Which two locations are you most likely to experience a marine climate?

a)

Western North America

b)

Western Europe

c)

Africa

d)

Eastern South America

72.

What is the name for large pellets of ice that form inside of cumulonimbus clouds during thunderstorms?

a)

Rain

b)

Snow

c)

Hail

d)

Sleet

73.

What are the two most important things that people should do to reduce the danger of storms to themselves?

a)

Stay Weather Aware

b)

Seek Appropriate Shelter

c)

Have emergency supplies easily available.

d)

Know the phone number and/or address of a neighbor, relative, or close friend.

74.

What general direction does weather in the United States travel?

a)

South to North

b)

East to West

c)

West to East

d)

North to South

75.

What two words describe the temperature and humidity of a continental tropical air mass?

a)

Wet and Warm

b)

Wet and Cold

c)

Dry and Warm

d)

Dry and Cold

76.

What weather front is illustrated in this image?

a)

Warm Front

b)

Cold Front

c)

Occluded Front

d)

Stationary Front

77.

Isobars differ from isotherms. Which of the following is NOT true about isobars?

a)

Isobars are lines joining places on the map that have the same air pressure.

b)

Isobars are lines joining places on the map that have the same temperature.

c)

Isobars that are close together indicate windy conditions.

d)

Isobars are referenced to the number 1013.

78.
a)
Warm Front
b)
High Air Pressure
c)
Cold Front
d)
High Temperatures
79.
a)
Low Clouds
b)
Low Temperatures
c)
Light Wind
d)
Low Air Pressure
80.
a)
High Air Pressure
b)
High Temperatures
c)
Heavy Rain
d)
Hail
81.
a)
High Pressure
b)
Warm Front
c)
Cold Front
d)
Mountains
82.
High Pressure is associated with this type of weather...
a)

Stormy Weather

b)
Cold Weather
c)
Warm Weather
d)
Fair Weather
83.
Low Pressure is associated with this type of weather...
a)

Stormy Weather

b)
Cold Weather
c)
Warm Weather
d)
Fair Weather
84.
What causes warm air to rise?
a)

The fact that it's less dense than cold air.

b)

The fact that it weighs more than cold air.

c)

The fact that it has higher pressure than cold air.

d)

The fact that it's more dense than cold air. 

85.

What type of air mass is over land at the equator?

a)

Maritime Tropical

b)

Maritime Polar

c)

Continental Tropical

d)

Continental Polar

86.

What type of air mass is over the Artic Ocean?

a)

Maritime Tropical

b)

Maritime Polar

c)

Continental Tropical

d)

Continental Polar