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WorksheetsEOC Part 2 Review
Total questions: 64
Worksheet time: 2hrs 30mins
Which strand is the complementary strand of DNA?
3' - TAA CGC TAA - 5'
3' - AUU CGC AUU - 5'
3' - ATT GCG ATT - 5'
3' - AUU GCG AUU - 5'
Which is the complementary DNA strand?
AAA-CAG-CTG-CTA
ATC-GTC-CTG-AAA
TAG-CAG-GAC-TTT
CGA-TGA-AGT-CCC
Which occurs during the process of DNA replication?
The parental DNA strand serves as the template for the daughter strands.
The daughter DNA strands serve as the source for nucleotides for the parental strand.
The daughter strands are identical to each other but different from the parental strand.
The parental DNA strand repairs itself after producing new daughter strands.
Which mRNA sequence codes for the same amino acid sequence as the mRNA sequence CGU-CUG-AGC?
GCU-UCG-CGA
AAU-CCC-AGU
AGA-CUA-UCA
CGG-UUG-GGA
Which statement explains the process of protein synthesis in humans?
Transcription and translation both occur in the cytoplasm. Transcription results in an mRNA strand, and translation results in the production of a protein.
Transcription and translation both occur in the nucleus. Transcription results in a protein, and translation results in the production of tRNA.
Transcription occurs in the nucleus, resulting in the production of an mRNA strand. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm, resulting in the production of a protein.
Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, resulting in the production of a protein. Translation occurs in the nucleus, resulting in the production of tRNA.
Which three statements correctly describe the roles of RNA molecules in the process of transcription and translation in animal cells?
Small RNA molecules in the RNA polymerase catalyze the formation of phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides in the growing messenger RNA.
Messenger RNA molecules carry genetic information from the gene in the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.
Transfer RNA molecules carry the appropriate amino acid to the growing polypeptide.
Genomic RNA molecules store genetic information and transmit it to an individual's offspring.
Ribosomal RNA molecules function in the assembly of the ribosome-mRNA complex and in the formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids in the growing polypeptide.
Which molecules store and transmit genetic information?
Proteins and lipids
Carbohydrates and ATP
DNA and RNA
Enzymes and hormones
RNA has what base that is instead of thymine?
guanine
adenine
thymine
uracil
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUG-CCA-GUA-UGA
Use your codon chart to match the DNA sequence GAA to the correct amino acid
VAL
TYR
LEU
PHE
What is the function of chromosomes in the human body?
Chromosomes contain genetic information
Chromosomes regulate body temperature
Chromosomes store energy in the human body
Chromosomes produce hormones in the human body
In genetics, what does the term "homozygous" refer to?
Having two different alleles for a trait
Having two identical alleles for a trait
The study of genes and their roles in inheritance
A type of genetic cross
Which of the following mechanisms is primarily responsible for the introduction of new alleles into a population's gene pool?
Genetic drift
Gene flow
Natural selection
Mutation
What change is associated with mitosis?
replication of cellular DNA
increase in the size of the cell
splitting of genetic material between the daughter cells
formation of 2 genetically different daughter cells
What is the role of cell differentiation?
Expression of identical genes in daughter cells results in the faster cell replication
Expression of specific genes in daughter cells results in faster cell replication
Expression of identical genes in daughter cells results in new cell types
Expression of specific genes in daughter cells results in new cell types
Which cell cycle progression points represent the S phase of the cell cycle?
Between points 0 to 1; the amount of DNA in the cell is at the lowest.
Between points 1 to 2; the amount of DNA doubles within the cell.
Between points 2 to 3; the amount of DNA has reached its maximum.
Between points 3 to 4; the amount of DNA will be reduced as the cell splits.
Which phase during mitosis is characterized by the cell reforming the nucleus and beginning to split in two?
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
telophase
Which cell type is replaced the fastest?
heart cells
intestinal cells
liver cells
skin cells
Which conclusion is most consistent with the data in the table?
Cells in the integumentary system divide faster than any other type of cell in the body.
Cells in the digestive system are among the most rapidly dividing cells in the body.
Cells of the respiratory and circulatory systems have faster replacement rates than cells of the digestive system.
Cells in the reproductive and nervous systems are never replaced.
Which example in the human body demonstrates mitosis?
hair cells losing their nucleus as they age
fat cells providing energy to the body
cheek cells being removed during eating
skin cells dividing to heal a wound
How does cell differentiation impact the developing embryo?
It helps divide a cell into many cells to form an embryo
It helps make identical cells to form identical organs
It helps increase the size of a cell during the embryo's development
It helps cells become more specialized to form specific organs
A cellular process known as "crossing over" is shown. Which statement best describes the significance of this process?
The process allows organisms to grow and heal.
The process produces clones of the parent organism.
The process copies DNA before cell division
The process creates genetic variation in the resulting cells
Why do cells divide in humans?
Growth and repair
Making offspring
Movement
Creating Energy
What are the THREE MAIN events in cell division
INTERPHASE
CYTOKINESIS
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
MITOSIS
Bacteria reproduce by dividing through a process called binary fission. Which type of
reproduction is described above?
Sexual
Asexual
Meiosis
Fertilization
Cell division (mitosis and cytokinesis) is represented by the letter
A
B
C
D
Which are two features of asexual reproduction that help in the continuation of a species?
produces many offspring rapidly
requires less energy
occurs independently or with a mate
generates genetic variety in offspring
increases beneficial mutations
Which change in DNA will cause a heritable germline mutation?
The sugar phosphate backbone of DNA in bone cells breaks due to exposure to X-rays
Thymine dimers form in the DNA of a skin cell due to exposure to UV light
A DNA replication error occurs in a sperm producing cell
An error occurs during transcription of a DNA in a liver cell
Which three processes occur during meiosis?
crossing over
asexual reproduction
formation of gametes
independent assortment
production of diploid cells
A chemical has mutagenic effects on plants. A researcher is worried that the mutation may be passed to new plants produced from parent plants that have been exposed to the chemical.
How can the researcher investigate if the chemical causes a heritable mutation?
Look at the sex cells of the exposed parent plants, and compare their genetic code to identical plants not exposed to the chemical
Look at the leaf cells of the exposed parent plants, and compare them to unexposed plants
Look at the root structure of the exposed parent plants, and compare them to plants grown at the same time
Look at the height of the exposed parent plants, and compare it to the other plants to see if they are growing at the same rate
Clover plants that are heterozygous for both genes are crossed with clover plants that are homozygous recessive for both genes. They produce 300 seeds.
How many seeds can be expected to grow into plants that produce cyanide?
0
75
150
225
In a controlled study, two parental plants are crossed and produce 240 F1 plants. All of the F1 plants produce the cyanide precursor molecule, but only half of the F1 plants produce linamarase.
What are the most likely genotypes of the parental plants?
AALL and aall
AaLl and AaLl
Aall and aaLl
AALl and Aall
In the pedigree shown, each symbol represents an individual clover plant. If the shaded symbols represent plants that produce the enzyme linamerase, which pedigree accurately represents inheritance in clover plants?
Which argument is true about the gametes formed at the end of meiosis 2?
Meiosis produces gametes that have genetic material different from the parent cell
Meiosis produces gametes that have genetic material identical to that of the parent cell
Meiosis produces more gametes with the same amount of genetic material as in the parent cell
Meiosis produces fewer gametes with double the amount of genetic material as in the parent cell
Coat color in dogs is controlled in part by a gene that regulates the deposition of pigment. The patches of color in the dog shown in the figure are caused by a somatic mutation. The genotype in the different patches are indicated.
Which three statements are true about the mutation that caused the black coloring?
The mutation did not affect the phenotype of the dog
The mutation will affect only this dog
The mutation occurred in a body cell after the formation of the embryo
The mutation was present in the gametes of the dog's parents
The mutation made a permanent change to the DNA of the affected cell
A beetle species is known for having two different shell shapes: round or oval. The round shape (R) is completely dominant to the oval shape (r).
If a heterozygous female mates with the heterozygous male, what is the expected genotypic ratio?
RR: 1, Rr: 1, rr: 2
RR: 1, Rr: 1, rr: 1
RR: 1, Rr: 2, rr: 1
RR: 2, Rr: 1, rr: 1
A person has a family history of hemophilia. The person creates a pedigree to show which members of the family have been tested for hemophilia and the results of the tests.
How should hemophilia be categorized, and why?
Hemophilia is a dominant disorder because if a person has the trait, the person is likely to have the disorder
Hemophilia is a recessive disorder because it requires two recessive alleles for the person to have the disorder
Hemophilia is a codominant disorder because females are more likely to have two dominant alleles and have the disorder
Hemophilia is a sex linked disorder because males are more likely to have the disorder and females can be carriers of the disorder
Individual 5 marries a male who has hemophilia. They consult a genetic counselor to determine the likelihood of their children having the disorder.
Which table correctly labels the percent for each outcome?
Which claim about reproduction in dogs can best be supported using a valid argument?
Offspring produced by sexual reproduction are genetically identical
Gametes from both dogs are needed to maintain the correct number of chromosomes in the offspring
Phenotypic variation will occur in the offspring as a result of mitosis in the gametes
Binary fission is required for sexual and asexual reproduction in dogs
Antibiotics help treat bacterial infections. One antibiotic binds to a bacterium's ribosome, which stops the creation of new proteins and kills the bacterium. The image shows this mutation.
After the mutation, the bacterium can survive in the presence of the antibiotic. Which argument explains how the mutated bacteria are able to survive in the presence of the antibiotic?
The mutation makes the ribosome bind more effectively to the antibiotic
The mutation prevents the creation of ribosomes within the bacterium
The mutation changes the ribosome structure so that the antibiotic cannot bind to it
The mutation changes the shape of the antibiotic so that it cannot bind to the ribosome
Which statement describes an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction results in more genetic variation in organisms than asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction requires more time to produce organisms than asexual reproduction
Sexually produced offspring are more dependent on their parents for survival than offspring produced through asexual reproduction
Sexually produced organisms are more dependent on other organisms for reproduction than offspring produced through asexual reproduction
ABO blood type is controlled by three alleles of a single gene. Blood type O is associated with the recessive "i" allele. Blood types A, B, and AB are associated with the codominant IA and IB alleles. The pedigree shows the inheritance of ABO blood types in a family.
Which two genotypes are possible for the individual indicated with the question mark?
ii
iIA
IAIB
iIB
IBIB
