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WorksheetsEarth Quarter 4 Review
Total questions: 110
Worksheet time: 2hrs 50mins
Many different species living in the same area.
Population
Community
Biome
Biosphere
Nutrients such as water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen move in and out of the biosphere in ______.
Biogeochemical cycles
food webs
food chains
energy flow
Energy flows through ecosystems, but each organism only gets about _____ of the energy available in the level below.
10%
20%
50%
90%
A food ________ is much more complicated, yet more realistic than a food ________.
chain, web
web, chain
cycle, flow
truck, festival
Who is the producer?
Sun
Plant
Grasshopper
Spider
Who is the primary consumer?
Sun
Plant
Grasshopper
Spider
Who is a secondary consumer?
Hawk
Sun
Plant
Grasshopper
Select one food chain from this food web.
hawk --> spider --> grasshopper
plant --> grasshopper --> spider --> shrew
owl --> shrew --> spider
weasel --> grasshopper --> plant
How many producers are on this food web? Primary consumers (herbivores)?
2, 3
4, 3
3, 3
4, 2
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms.
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
What would happen to the blue whale population if the krill population went extinct?
the blue whale population eats other things in the food web
the blue whale population would increase
The blue whale population would remain the same.
the blue whale population would also decrease
What is NOT one of the impacts of invasive species?
increases the stability of the ecosystem
depletes native populations
causes increased competition in the ecosystem
interrupts natural biological processes.
Which land biome do we live in?
Grassland
Tundra
Temperate Deciduous Forest
Taiga
Which biome has tree leaves that change color and drop off as the season changes from fall to winter?
Tropical Rain Forest
Deciduous Forest
Tundra
Coniferous Forest
Biodiversity, aka biological diversity, usually refers to
the number of people on Earth
the variety of species on Earth
the number of animal species in a specific area
the number of plant species in a specific area
Define genetic diversity
variation of genes within a species or population in a given area
variety of ecosystems in a given area
system made up of all the living and nonliving things in a given area
disturbance in the environment conditions that cause genetic changes to occur in organisms
Define ecosystem diversity
variety of ecosystems in a given area
variation of genes within a species or population in a given area
variety of life in Earth's land, freshwater, and marine ecosystems
changes to an ecosystem that affect how the parts of it interact
What is an example of a human disturbance?
Deforestation
Drought
Tsunami
Changing Seasons
Which of these is NOT true about the Endangered Species Act
It protects all plants and animals on the endangered species list
It is a law that must be obeyed around the world.
Anyone who harms species covered by this act can receive a fine ($)
It is enforced by US Fish & Wildlife Service
True or false: An ecosystem with high genetic diversity is healthier than an ecosystem with low genetic diversity.
True
False
When there is higher biodiversity...
more organisms are likely to die because they can't adapt to environmental changes.
there is more diversity and higher sustainability of life.
there is less diversity.
there is more diversity and lower sustainability of life
Which factor is most likely to cause the number of rabbits living in an area to increase?
less water
lack of shelter
fewer predators
limited food
What is considered the biggest threat to biodiversity?
invasive species
overharvesting of resources
habitat loss
pollution
Why is genetic diversity important within a species?
It allows species to adapt to new situations like disease and climate change
It makes the species more aesthetically pleasing
It enhances the taste of food crops
It decreases the species' lifespan
The population around time 15 could be characterized as having done which of these?
overshoot
extended population
overreach
population exceptionalism
Which energy source is considered renewable?
Coal
Petroleum
Natural gas
Hydropower
_______________ is an energy source derived from living things.
Solar power
Nuclear power
Coal power
Wind power
What is one way you could help reduce energy consumption?
Drive to work or school in your car.
Increase the use non-recyclable products.
Avoid car-pooling or mass transit.
Use more efficient light bulbs, like LED or compact fluorescent bulbs.
Which of the following substances is fuel used in nuclear power plants?
peat
wood
uranium
coal
A resource that can be replaced or replenished in less time than it takes to draw the supply down is called:
coal
renewable
nuclear
non-renewable
Which of the following BEST explains why fossil fuel supplies are limited?
People are not allowed to use large amounts of fossil fuels
Only small amounts of fossil fuels ever formed, and early humans used most of the available supply
Fossil fuels formed over millions of years and they are being used more quickly than they can be replaced
Fossil fuels exist in very large quantities, but they are difficult for scientists to locate
How is wind power similar to water power?
Both use natural forces to move turbines attached to generators
Both are non-renewable resources
Both create a great deal of pollution
They have nothing in common
Cold periods in Earth's history during when glaciers covered large parts of the surface:
Sunspots
Ice Age
La Niña
Global Warming
Dark, cooler regions on the surface of the sun that causes Earth's temperature to rise:
Ice Age
Monsoon
Sunspots
Leeward
A warm-water event that can change weather patterns causing heavy rains or droughts:
El Niño
La Niña
Sunspots
Global Warming
A gradual increase in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere:
Global Warming
Greenhouse Gas
El Niño
Climate
Why do the fisherman of Peru and South America not welcome a strong El Nino?
El Nino poisons the fish
El Nino causes strong winds and currents which move fish westward
El Nino bring cold water to the surface which kills the base of the food chain
El Nino shuts off upwelling and nutrients needed for the marine food chain do not rise to the surface
A large volcanic eruption that emits high gas/ash into the atmosphere can have what type of effect on the Earth's climate?
It can warm the climate
It can cool the climate
The climate stays the same
What is the difference between weather and climate?
They are the same.
Weather is day to day, while climate is observed over a long periods.
Climate is day to day, while weather is observed over a long period.
Weather changes, while climate does not.
The greenhouse effect is caused by…
Too much heat in the atmosphere
Too much sunshine reaching Earth
Greenhouse gases in the lower atmosphere absorbing radiation from the Earth's surface, and preventing much of it escaping into space
Greenhouse gases in the lower atmosphere absorbing solar radiation
Based on this graph, what is the relationship between carbon dioxide and global temperature?
There is no relationship between carbon dioxide and temperature.
If carbon dioxide increases, temperature decreases.
If carbon dioxide increases, temperature increases.
How does sustainable agriculture help conserve natural resources?
By promoting the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms
By depleting soil nutrients, increasing water pollution, and promoting monoculture
By accelerating deforestation, increasing greenhouse gas emissions, and depleting water sources
By promoting practices that maintain soil health, reduce water usage, minimize chemical inputs, and protect biodiversity.
Explain the concept of crop rotation in sustainable agriculture.
Crop rotation is a method where crops are planted randomly without any specific order.
Crop rotation involves planting the same crop repeatedly in the same area to deplete the soil nutrients.
Crop rotation involves planting different crops in the same area in sequential seasons to improve soil health, prevent pests and diseases, and increase crop yield.
Crop rotation is a technique used to reduce crop yield and increase soil erosion.
Urban sprawl
is when cities spread out using up surrounding land.
puts a strain on existing infrastructures.
creates an increase in pollution.
all of these.
Desertification refers to
increasing forest cover
increase in water table
increase in agricultural land
increase in dry areas of land
Which of the following is not a benefit of GMOs
Increases pest resistance
Decreases biodiversity
Increases drought resistance
Reduces cost of manufacturing
What is "overfishing"?
Fishing out of season
Catching fish faster than they can replenish
Catching fish from the top of the food chain
Catching more fish than what people eat
What are strategies that can be implemented to reduce/prevent overfishing?
Fishing quotas
Establishing laws
Marine protected areas
International standards for mesh size of nets
banning certain kinds of nets
Overgrazing of grasslands can lead to reduced range quality. Two of the major effects of overgrazing are
erosion and desertification
eutrophication and increased methane production
higher fire potential and increased productivity
higher primary productivity and ammonification
Which is true about aquaculturing?
The amount of aquacultured fish has decreased significantly in favor of wild-caught fish.
Aquaculturing requires the same inputs as other forms of animal agriculture, including feed and antibiotics.
Aquaculture operations do not affect the surrounding ecosystem in any adverse way.
All of the above are true.
Mining that is done below ground is called...
surface mining.
subsurface mining.
Whether or not something is mined is determined by its monetary value.
True
False
Heat is radiated back to space from earth as
visible light
ultraviolet radiation
gamma radiation
infrared radiation
What is the definition of urban heat island?
Urban heat island refers to the phenomenon where rural areas experience higher temperatures compared to surrounding urban areas.
Urban heat island refers to the phenomenon where urban areas experience lower temperatures compared to surrounding rural areas.
Urban heat island refers to the phenomenon where urban areas experience higher temperatures compared to surrounding rural areas due to natural factors.
Urban heat island refers to the phenomenon where urban areas experience higher temperatures compared to surrounding rural areas due to human activities and the built environment.
What are the causes of urban heat island effect?
Low concentration of buildings and pavement, abundance of vegetation, and lack of waste heat from human activities.
High concentration of buildings and pavement, abundance of vegetation, and lack of waste heat from natural sources.
Low concentration of buildings and pavement, lack of vegetation, and waste heat from natural sources.
High concentration of buildings and pavement, lack of vegetation, and waste heat from human activities.
How does urban heat island effect impact the environment?
Urban heat island effect improves air quality in urban areas.
Urban heat island effect decreases temperatures in urban areas, leading to lower energy consumption.
Urban heat island effect impacts the environment by increasing temperatures in urban areas, leading to higher energy consumption, air pollution, and heat-related health issues.
Urban heat island effect has no impact on the environment.
Can be traced back to the point of origin.
Point Source Pollution
Non-point source pollution
Pollution that comes from MANY different places and is hard to identify its source.
Point
Non-Point
A ship carrying gasoline runs into shore and spills large amount of gasoline.
Point
Non-Point
Snow melts in parking lots and carries oils into nearby waterways
Point
Non-Point
Eutrophication is caused by
excess nutrients building up in the water.
industrial point-source pollution.
unlined landfills and septic tanks.
wastewater from homes mixing with drinking water.
In eutrophication, dissolved oxygen levels decrease because
bacteria use it as they decompose organic material
algae uses it during photosynthesis
it reacts with hydrogen to form H2O (water)
fish use it up as they consume algae
Why should farmers be concerned about unused nitrate fertilizer contaminating surface water and groundwater supplies?
Unused nitrates reduce algae growth.
Unused nitrates increase oxygen in the water.
Excessive amounts of nutrients cause overpopulation of fish.
Excessive amounts of nutrients speed up the eutrophication process.
Release of heat into the water that affects the temperature and ecosystem is an example of what
Thermal pollution
Chemical Pollution
Biological Pollution
What effect does mining have on the environment? Check all that apply.
Pollutes groundwater and water ways
Erosion
Loss of biodiversity
Increase in plant growth
What are some concerns about building dams to create hydropower? Check all that apply.
Dams increase flooding upstream.
There are no concerns.
Dams change fish swimming patterns.
Dams produce a lot of air pollution.
Why is plastic trash harmful to marine animals?
Plastic trash breaks down too quickly.
Animals get tangled in plastic trash and can strangle.
Plastic trash is salty.
Plastic trash floats and blocks sunlight.
How does ocean acidification impact marine calcifiers?
It weakens their shells and bodies
It makes their food die
It makes the water too warm for them
It adds too much weight to their shells
Natural causes of air pollution include all of the following
forest fires
dust
volcanic ash
wind
pollen
Gases released from power plants mix with water vapor in the sky to make ________________.
smog
acid rain
global warming
particulate matter
A mixture of smoke, fog and chemicals in the air is known as ________.
oxygen
radiation
smog
How can acid rain affect non-living objects?
Good ozone is formed in the
troposhere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
How many oxygen atoms does a molecule of ozone contain?
1
2
3
4
What is the name of the international agreement committing parties to phasing out ozone depleting substances and phasing out chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)?
Vienna Protocol
Paris Agreement
Montreal Protocol
Antarctic Convention
We can reduce air pollution by:
Car pool and walk/bike more
Limit factories burning fossil fuels
Use more renewable energy sources
All of the above
