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BIOLOGY SA 1 (D)

Total questions: 81

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1-5.

Kidney Structure

The Loop of Henle is a crucial part of the kidney structure responsible for concentrating urine. It plays a vital role in reabsorbing water and electrolytes, helping maintain the body's fluid balance.

Tubular reabsorption is a complex process that occurs in the kidney tubules. It involves the reabsorption of essential substances such as glucose, amino acids, and water back into the bloodstream, ensuring that valuable nutrients are not lost in the urine.

The Glomerulus is a network of tiny blood vessels in the kidney that filters waste products and excess substances from the blood. It is composed of capillaries surrounded by a membrane that allows small molecules to pass through while retaining larger molecules like proteins.

Overall, the kidney structure is a sophisticated system that includes the Loop of Henle for urine concentration, tubular reabsorption for nutrient retention, and the Glomerulus for blood filtration. Understanding these components is essential for comprehending the kidney's vital functions in maintaining homeostasis.

1.

What is involved in tubular reabsorption in the kidneys?

a)

Reabsorbing waste products back into the bloodstream

b)

Reabsorbing essential substances like glucose and amino acids back into the bloodstream

c)

Filtering out excess water from the bloodstream

d)

Producing urine in the nephrons

2.

What is the main function of the Glomerulus in the kidney?

a)

A. Absorbing nutrients from the blood

b)

B. Filtering waste products and excess substances from the blood

c)

C. Producing hormones for blood pressure regulation

d)

D. Storing excess water in the body

3.

Understanding these components is essential for comprehending the kidney's vital functions in maintaining (a)  

4.

What is the function of the Loop of Henle in the kidney?

a)

Filtering blood

b)

Concentrating urine

c)

Producing hormones

d)

Regulating blood pressure

5.

How do the components of the kidney structure work together to maintain proper kidney function?

4 lines
6.

Which artery supplies the kidney with oxygenated blood?

a)

Hepatic

b)

Coronary

c)

Renal

d)

Carotid

7.

Define homeostasis.

a)

Homeostasis is the change that takes place in the body.

b)

Homeostasis is chemical reactions that take place in the body.

c)

Homeostasis is maintaining a constant internal environment.

8.

Letter F represents which part of the nephron?

a)

Bowmans capsule

b)

Ascending loop of Henle

c)

Distal convoluted tubule

d)

Descending loop of Henle

9.

Typically the body produces approximately ____ liters of urine a day:

a)

.5

b)

1.7

c)

3

d)

6

10.

A fruity odor in the urine may indicate:

a)

diabetes

b)

infection

c)

high protein diet

11.

Which of the following regions is NOT found in the renal tubule?

a)

Glomerulus

b)

Bowman's capsule

c)

Loop of Henle

d)

Collecting Duct

12.

The enlarged, funnel-like region of the renal tubule is called:

a)

Glomerulus

b)

Loop of Henle

c)

Bowman's capsule

d)

Collection duct

13.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of urine?

a)

Is yellow in color

b)

Contains proteins

c)

Contains urochrome

d)

Is sterile

14.

Hormones travel through your

a)

blood

b)

bone marrow

c)

neurons

d)

brain

15.

This disease occurs when the Thryroid gland does not produce enough Thyroxine to meet the body's needs.

a)

Gigantism

b)

Hypoglycemia

c)

Hypothyroidism

d)

Diabetes

16.

Identify the endocrine gland/part shown by letter A

a)

Pineal

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Pituitary

d)

Parathyroid

17.

Identify the endocrine gland/part shown by letter C

a)

Pineal

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Pituitary

d)

Parathyroid

18.

Identify the endocrine gland/part shown by letter D

a)

Pancrease

b)

Adrenal

c)

Pituitary

d)

Parathyroid

19.

Identify the endocrine gland/part shown by letter D

a)

Thyroid

b)

Adrenal

c)

Thymus

d)

Parathyroid

20.

This structure releases what hormones?

a)

insulin and glucagon

b)

calcitonin and estrogen

c)

Parathyroid hormone and antidiuretic hormone

d)

epinephrine and testosterone

21.
The two types of feedback systems that help organisms maintain homeostasis are:
a)
positive and negative 
b)
receptor and effector
c)
static and dynamic
d)
minor and major
22.

Cells that have receptors for a particular hormone.

a)

gland cells

b)

neurons

c)

hormones

d)

target cells

23.
The stacks of disks in the chloroplast are called:
a)
Lamellae
b)
Grana
c)
Stroma
d)
Thylakoid
24.
The interior space of the chloroplast is called:
a)
Lamellae
b)
Grana
c)
Stroma
d)
Thylakoids
25.

Which of the following equations represents the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis?

a)

6O2+ 6H2O → C6H12O6+ 6O2

b)

C6H12O6 + 6H2O→ 6O2+ 6O2

c)

6CO2+ 6H2O→ C6H12O6+ 6O2

d)

6O2 + 6H2O→ C6H12O6 + 6CO2

26.

Temperatures that are too high can slow photosynthesis because

a)

stomata stay open

b)

enzymes are ruined

c)

there is not enough CO2

d)

there is too much water

27.

Which of the following light color is absorbed by plants?

a)

Red

b)

Green

c)

yellow

d)

Light green

28.

The organic molecule that is the cell's primary form of energy?

a)

Glucose

b)

ATP

c)

ADP

d)

GMP

29.

Choose the statement that best describes light reaction.

a)

It converts CO2 to sugar molecule

b)

It converts light energy to chemical energy of ATP and NADPH

c)

It takes place in the stroma

30.

The place where the light reactions happen in the chloroplast..

a)

Stroma

b)

Grana

c)

Inner Membrane

d)

Thylakoid

31.

Autotrophs (producers) can perform photosynthesis because they have -

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Ribosomes

c)

A Nucleus

d)

Chloroplasts

32.

Photosynthesis is broken down into two parts - first the ​ (a)   create ATP and NADPH. Second the ​ (b)   uses carbon dioxide to make ​ (c)   .

Choose from the below words
light reactions
Calvin cycle
glucose
water
33.

Foods synthesized in the process of Photosynthesis by plants is stored as

a)

Starch

b)

Protein

c)

Vitamins

d)

Fats

34.

What protects Stomata and helps it in opening and closing?

a)

Guard Cells

b)

Leaf

c)

Stem

d)

Carbon Dioxide

35.

What is the unit of light?

a)

proton

b)

photon

c)

photosystem

36.

Plants A and B are destarched and each placed into a temperature-controlled box with artificial light. After 1 hour, only the leaf from plant A tests positive for starch; plant B tests negative.


Which points on the graph are most likely to reflect the temperatures that plants A and B were kept at?

a)

Point 1: plant A, point 2: plant B

b)

Point 1: plant B, point 2: plant A

c)

Point 2: plant A, point 3: plant B

d)

Point 3: plant A, point 2: plant B

37.

The following are the steps in the starch test for a leaf. Which one lists the steps in order, from beginning to end?

a)

Dip in hot water, boil in ethanol, place on white tile, then add iodine solution

b)

Add iodine solution, place on white tile, boil in ethanot then dip in hot water

c)

Dip in hot water, place on white tile, add iodine solution then boil in ethanol

d)

Boil in ethanol, dip in hot water, add iodine solution then place on white tile

38.

How do we destarch a plant?

a)

Place a plant in a dark space for at least 24 hours

b)

Place a plant in the sunlight for a few hours

c)

Leave a houseplant outside overnight

d)

Do not water the plant for a week

39.

If I wanted to determine whether chlorophyll is required for photosynthesis, which would be required?

a)

A bell jar

b)

A variegated leaf

c)

Potassium hydroxide

d)

A piece of black paper

40.

What is transpiration?

a)

Excess water being released from the aerial parts of plants in the form of water vapor

b)

Excess sugar being released from the leave

c)

The way a plant makes its food

d)

When the plant uses sugar for energy

41.

Water transported from stems to leaves through what?

a)

xylem

b)

phloem

c)

stems

d)

roots

42.

Which of the following indicates the pathway of water through a plant?

a)

root hair cell --> xylem --> Mesophyll --> substomatal space --> stomata

b)

substomatal space -- > stomata --> root hair cell --> xylem --> Mesophyll

c)

xylem --> stomata --> root hair cell --> Mesophyll --> Substomatal space

43.

Select all of the environmental factors that would increase transpiration.

a)

Increased humidity

b)

Increased wind speed

c)

Increased temperature

d)

Decreased surface area

44.
Which feature would be most helpful to a plant in a desert?
a)
small leaves
b)
large seeds
c)
small roots
d)
smelly flowers
45.

Which is true?

a)

99% of water taken by the plant evaporates through transpiration

b)

9% of water taken by the plant evaporates through transpiration

c)

Evaporation through transpiration accounts only for 1% of all the water the plant takes in

d)

Evaporation through transpiration is minuscule

46.

Which is true?

a)

99% of water taken by the plant evaporates through transpiration

b)

9% of water taken by the plant evaporates through transpiration

c)

Evaporation through transpiration accounts only for 1% of all the water the plant takes in

d)

Evaporation through transpiration is minuscule

47.

Stomata opens during night and closes during day

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Guttation is the loss of water through -

a)

Hydathodes

b)

Cuticle

c)

Stomata

d)

Lenticles

49.

Adaptations in plant to reduce transpiration are -

a)

No of stomata

b)

Thickness of cuticle

c)

Loss of leaves

d)

All of the above

50.

What is significance of transpiration

a)

Creates suction force

b)

Helps in distribution of water and nutrients

c)

Cooling effect for plants

d)

All of the above

51.

The function of cobalt chloride paper is

a)

To change colour when exposed to sand

b)

To indicate moisture

c)

To change colour according to the acidity or basicity of substance .

52.

More root hairs will lead to

a)

Less transpiration

b)

More transpiration

c)

Closure of stomata

53.

An apparatus used to measure the rate of transpiration

a)

Garreau's potometer

b)

Darwin's potometer

c)

Ganong's potometer

54.

Adaptation to reduce transpiration

a)

Broader leaves

b)

Stunted growth

c)

More stomata

d)

Narrow leaves

55.

How will you identify the experimental leaf as dicot?

a)

taproot system

b)

two cotyledons

c)

parallel venation

d)

reticulate venation

56.

The kind of transpiration that takes place from the surface of leaves is

a)

guttation

b)

lenticular

c)

cuticular

d)

stomatal

57.

The plants transpire more in

a)

high humid conditions

b)

low temperature

c)

reduced pressure

d)

calm day

58.

This is not a precaution in the use of the potometer

a)

The twig may not remain alive for long

b)

The potometer should be water tight

c)

The twig should be cut under water

d)

The twig should be cut obliquely

59.

What happens to the movement of air bubble if apparatus is kept in front of a fan

a)

Air bubble does not move

b)

Air bubble moves very little

c)

Air bubble does not change its position

d)

Air bubble moves very fast

60.

What is significance of transpiration

a)

Creates suction force

b)

Helps in distribution of water and nutrients

c)

Cooling effect for plants

d)

All of the above

61.

Remember when you put the celery in the water? What happened to the water level by the next day?

a)

The level dropped A LOT, because the celery sucked it up.

b)

The level stayed the same, because the celery was dead.

c)

The level dropped a little, because of evaporation.

62.

The words that can be used to describe this cell are: (mark all that apply)

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Plasmolysed

c)

Hypotonic

d)

Turgid

63.

What is this an image of?

a)

A peas field

b)

ATP Cells

c)

Alien activity on Ground Zero

d)

Stomata

64.
Question Image

Can you match the label to the function performed by it?

a)

A

1.

Where photosynthesis takes place

b)

B

2.

Where oxygen comes out of

c)

C

3.

Waxiness limits rate of transpiration

65.
What is the diffusion of water only across a cell or semi-permeable membrane?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Passive Transport
66.
What type of cellular transport uses energy?
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
67.
In which case would a cell most likely shrink?
a)
when placed in a solution containing a high salt concentration
b)
when placed in a isotonic solution
c)
when placed in a solution containing a low pH
d)
when placed in a solution containing distilled water
68.
A student noticed that placing wilted lettuce in a bowl of cool water caused the lettuce to become more crisp and firm. What is the best explanation for his observation?
a)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by active transport.
b)
Water moved into the lettuce cells by osmosis.
c)
Salt moved into the lettuce cells by diffusion.
d)
Water moved out of the lettuce cells by osmosis.
69.
Diffusion and Osmosis are examples of...
a)
Active Transport
b)
Passive Transport
70.
 If the volume of a cell increases when it is placed in a solution, that solution is said to be __________ to the cell
a)
 hypertonic
b)
subatomic
c)
 isotonic
d)
 hypotonic 
71.
Where is there a high concentration of water?
a)
in the flower
b)
cannot be determined by picture.
c)
in the vase
d)
in the leaves
72.
The picture below is an example of _________________.
a)
osmosis
b)
isotonic
c)
diffusion
d)
active transport
73.
In the given scenario what will happen to the organism: salt is poured onto eggplant.
a)
Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will shrink.
b)
Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will swell.
c)
Water will move into the eggplant cells and the cells will swell.
74.

Which of the following process takes place when raisins are soaked in water for few hours?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Ascent of sap

d)

Root pressure

75.

Absorption of water by the plant cell by surface attraction is called:

a)

diffusion

b)

osmosis

c)

imbibition

d)

active transport

76.

Which of the following does not help in ascent of sap

a)

Capillarity

b)

Adhesion

c)

Cohesion

d)

Gravity

e)

Transpirational pull

77.

The highest water potential is that of?

a)

Honey

b)

10% salt solution

c)

50% sugar solution

d)

Pure water

78.

The state of a cell in which the cell wall is rigid and stretched by the increase in volume due to the absorption of water is called

a)

Turgiyt

b)

Capillarity

c)

Turgidity

79.

____ causes plasmolysis

a)

diffusion

b)

exosmosis

80.

Water is carried upward in the xylem by way of the cohesive and adhesive forces of

a)

capillarity

b)

transpiration pull

c)

osmosis

81.

plants absorb water by their ………………………

a)

roots

b)

root hairs

c)

stem

d)

leaves

82.

oozing out of water drops from injured parts of plant is called

a)

bleeding

b)

guttation

c)

transpiration

83.

The pressure exerted by the cell wall on the cell content

a)

Turgidity

b)

Wall Pressure

c)

Turgor Pressure

d)

Flaccidity

84.

On a dry, sunny day, how does water vapour move through the stomata of a leaf?

a)

Into the leaf by diffusion

b)

Into the leaf by respiration

c)

Out of the leaf by diffusion

d)

Out of the leaf by respiration

85.

Transport of substances against the concerntration gradient in a cell by using energy is:

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Passive Transport

d)

Active Transport

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