WorksheetsFinal Exam Review
Total questions: 131
Worksheet time: 4hrs 22mins
A process that uses observations and investigation to gain knowledge about events in nature is called ____.
experiment
inferring
predicting
science
A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question is called a ____.
prediction
hypothesis
theory
law
A standard for comparison in an experiment is called a ____.
fact
variable
constant
control
A rule of nature that sums up related observations is a scientific ____.
inquiry
hypothesis
theory
law
A statement that describes what scientists expect to happen every time under a particular set of conditions is a ____.
scientific inquiry
scientific hypothesis
scientific theory
scientific law
The amount of space occupied by an object is ____.
mass
volume
length
density
The SI base unit for temperature is ____.
candela
Fahrenheit
Kelvin
mole
Before designing and carrying out an experiment, one should find out what is already known about the topic by ____.
forming an hypothesis
analyzing data
researching information
forming a conclusion
Scientists can communicate their results ____.
at scientific meetings
in scientific journals
by exchanging information on the Internet
all of the above
To reveal trends in data, the data should be presented in a(an) ____.
hypothesis
graph
operational definition
scientific investigation
The part of an experiment in which all conditions are kept the same is the ____.
control
variable
hypothesis
conclusion
The steps commonly used by scientists in gathering information to test hypotheses and solve problems are called ____.
descriptive research
pure science
scientific methods
applied science
In a scientific experiment, the one variable that is purposely changed to test a hypothesis is called the ______________________ variable.
dependent
independent
controlled
extraneous
A scientific law is based on repeated ______________________ made over long periods of time.
observations
guesses
assumptions
predictions
The ______________________ is the base metric unit of liquid volume.
Liter
Kilogram
Mass
Gallon
For ease of understanding, scientists report measurements using the ______________________ system of units.
metric
imperial
customary
ancient
A (a) is a visual display of information or data.
In a line graph, the (a) axis is called the y-axis.
Graphs are a quick way of communicating a lot of (a) in a small space.
The symbol km is used to describe a (a) .
Physical Science is the study of matter and ___.
a. technology
b. energy
c. motion
d. friction
Everything you taste, touch, and even smell is a ___.
a. chemical
b. liquid
c. solid
d. physics
____ is the study of matter and energy at all scales.
a. Chemistry
b. Biology
c. Physics
d. Geology
Technology is the application of ____ to solve problems.
a. discoveries
b. engineering
c. chemistry
d. science
The technological design process is very similar to ___.
a. scientific investigation
b. theoretical design
c. hypothetical investigation
Which of the following is the final step of the technological design process?
Select the best solution
Identify the problem
Test the model
Communicate the results
All technological designs have ____, or limitations on designs because of varying factors.
models
options
constraints
evidence
Cooking an egg, burning wood, and metal rusting are all examples of ____.
physical changes
chemical changes
physical properties
chemical properties
Making a list of questions and finding out what other ideas already exist best describes which step of the design process?
Identifying the problem
Selecting the best solution
Refining and retesting the model
Researching the problem
Reflections in the mirror, differences in sound, and how things move through the air all fall into the category of ____.
Chemistry
Biology
Physics
Geography
The push or pull that causes an object to move, change direction, or stop best describes which of the following?
motion
Force
Electricity
Chemical
Chemistry is the branch of science that deals with ____.
chemicals
matter
chemical reactions
all of the above
Scientific work often requires (a) to solve formulas or convert units.
Solids, liquids, and gasses are all examples of (a) .
Water evaporating into the atmosphere is considered a (a) change.
Technological design is a process that relies on evidence and reason and is very similar to scientific (a) .
(a) is the study of matter and energy (atoms and molecules) at microscopic scales.
A (a) occurs when an object changes position over time.
In order to change the motion of an object, you must apply a (a) .
Cooking an egg is considered a (a) change because the types of molecules have changed, and cannot simply change back.
Energy is the ability to do work, and can be chemical, mechanical, or electrical.
True
False
Scientists and engineers all must follow safety protocols in the lab so that nobody gets hurt.
True
False
Which of the following is an example of exerting a force?
a child running through a field
a train speeding down a track
a carpenter hammering a nail
an airplane soaring through the sky
What happens when two forces act in the same direction?
they cancel each other out
the stronger one prevails
they add together
their sum divided by two is the total force
The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion is known as _______.
mass
inertia
force
balance
The greater the mass of an object, __________.
the easier the object starts moving
the greater its inertia
the more balanced it is
the more space it takes up
The force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other is called ________.
friction
acceleration
inertia
gravity
Which of the following is an example of rolling friction?
your shoes on a sidewalk as you walk
bike tires on the road as you ride
a boat on the water as it sails
two hands rubbing together
Air resistance is a type of ____.
motion
acceleration
velocity
friction
In physical science, a push or a pull is called a(an) ____.
force
acceleration
inertia
motion
How can you increase the momentum of an object?
by decreasing its velocity
by increasing its mass
by increasing its friction
by decreasing its acceleration
The SI (metric) unit for force is the ____.
Newton
meter
kilogram
pound
Balanced forces acting on an object ____.
always change the object’s motion
sometimes change the object’s motion
never change the object’s motion
are not related to motion
When an object’s distance from another object is changing, ____.
it is in constant motion
it is speeding
it has a high velocity
it is accelerating
Speed equals distance divided by ____.
time
velocity
size
motion
When you know both the speed and direction of an object’s motion, you know the ____.
average speed of the object
acceleration of the object
distance the object has traveled
velocity of the object
To determine the acceleration rate of an object, you must calculate the change in speed during each unit of ____.
velocity
time
motion
deceleration
Average speed is ____.
equivalent to velocity
the rate at which an object is moving at a given instant
the rate at which a slope changes
the total distance traveled divided by the total time
If you know the distance an object has traveled in a certain amount of time, you can determine ____.
the size of the object
the speed of the object
the location of the object
It is rare for any motion to ____.
stay the same for very long
change quickly
increase in velocity
decrease in speed
If a bicyclist travels 30 kilometers in two hours, her average speed is ____.
30 km/h
60 km/h
15 km/h
2 km/h
According to Newton’s second law of motion, an object’s (a) depends on its mass and the net force acting on it.
Newton’s third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal but opposite (a) .
(a) is the rate at which an object is moving at a given instant.
A person traveling in a car that stops suddenly keeps moving forward due to (a) .
A (an) (a) is any object that is thrown or launched.
When (a) equals the force of gravity on a falling object, the object reaches terminal velocity and it cannot fall any faster.
If the action force of a bat striking a ball accelerates the ball in one direction, the reaction force accelerates the bat in the (a) direction.
Speed that does not change is referred to as (a) speed.
A golf ball (a) when either its speed or direction changes.
An object will begin to move if the forces acting upon it are (a) .
The ability to do work is called ____.
a. velocity
b. energy
c. conversion
d. friction
Energy is measured in units called ____.
a. joules
b. pounds
c. meters
d. horsepower
The energy associated with motion is called ____.
a. kinetic energy
b. elastic potential energy
c. gravitational potential energy
d. nuclear energy
When you rub your hands together on a cold day, you use friction to convert ____.
a. mechanical energy into thermal energy
b. thermal energy into nuclear energy
c. nuclear energy into electrical energy
d. electrical energy into electromagnetic energy
Electric charges that are different (a) each other.
The type of energy stored by fossil fuels that can be burned (such as coal) is ____.
kinetic energy
mechanical energy
chemical potential energy
electromagnetic energy
Which of the following has kinetic energy?
a. a rock poised for a fall
b. an archer’s bow that is drawn back
c. a rolling bowling ball
d. a car waiting at a red light
Unlike kinetic energy, potential energy is ____.
a. energy of motion
b. stored
c. conserved
d. not measurable
Potential energy that depends on height is called ____.
a. kinetic energy
b. gravitational potential energy
c. elastic potential energy
d. mechanical energy
How would you calculate an object’s mechanical energy?
a. add its kinetic and potential energies
b. multiply its kinetic and potential energies
c. subtract its kinetic energy from its potential energy
d. subtract its potential energy from its kinetic energy
For work to be done on an object, ____.
a. some force need only be exerted on the object
b. the object must move some distance as a result of a force
c. the object must move, whether or not a force is exerted on it
d. the object must not move
Which of these is an example of work being done on an object?
a. holding a heavy piece of wood at a construction site
b. trying to push a car that doesn’t move out of deep snow
c. pushing a child on a swing
d. holding a door shut on a windy day so it doesn’t blow open
If you exert a force of 20 Newtons to push a desk 10 meters, how much work do you do on the desk? Remember that Work = Force x Distance (and you must have the correct units!)
(a)
What do machines do?
change the amount of force you exert or the distance over which you exert the force
increase the amount of work that is done
decrease the amount of work that is done
eliminate friction
One example of a compound machine is a ____.
door
pliers
bicycle
shovel
Which of these could be considered an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder?
lever
screw
wheel and axle
pulley
The fixed point that a lever pivots around is called the ____.
axle
pulley
gear
fulcrum
In order to do work on an object, the force you exert must be ____.
the maximum amount of force you are able to exert
in the same direction as the object’s motion
in a direction opposite to Earth’s gravitational force
quick and deliberate
Work equals force times (a) .
When you raise or lower a flag on a flagpole, you are using a (an) ____.
wheel and axle
pulley
wedge
inclined plane
The (a) energy of a book on a shelf is equal to the work done to lift the book to the shelf.
A compressed spring has (a) energy.
The force exerted by a machine is called the (a) force.
The law of (a) of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
A battery can be used as a power supply because it can store ____ .
gravitational energy
electrical energy
heat energy
chemical energy
Work is the transfer of (a) from one object to another.
As a pendulum swings, energy is continuously transformed between kinetic energy and (a) energy.
A newton-meter is a measure of work also known as the (a) .
The force applied to a machine is called the (a) force.
All machines have a(an) (a) of less than 100%.
When you use a paint can opener to open a can of paint, you use the paint can opener as a simple machine called a(an) (a) .
A jar lid is an example of a simple machine called a (an) (a) .
A ramp in a parking garage is an example of a simple machine called a(an) (a) .
Power is equal to (a) divided by time.
As in the case of unlike magnetic poles, unlike electric charges ____.
attract each other
repel each other
exist in pairs
do not interact
The buildup of charges on an object is called ____.
static discharge
static electricity
positive charge
negative charge
An electric current will always follow ____.
along the path of least resistance in a conductor
a path toward the north pole
a path toward the south pole
the path that leads through insulators
The charge on a proton is ____.
negative, and the charge on an electron is positive
positive, and the charge on an electron is negative
the same as the charge on an electron
can change according to the situation
A complete, unbroken path through which electric charges can flow is a (an) ____.
electric circuit
electrical resistance
magnetic field line
magnetic polex
Materials that allow the charges of an electric current to move freely through them are called ____.
insulators
conductors
resistors
magnets
An example of an insulator is ____.
rubber
copper
silver
iron
A device used to open and close an electric circuit is a (an) ____.
light bulb
energy source
switch
resistor
Magnetic poles that are alike ____.
attract each other
repel each other
do not interact
have the same shape
The region around a magnet where the magnetic force is exerted is known as its ____.
magnetic pole
lodestone
magnetic field
magnetic domain
One part of a freely swinging magnet always points ____.
east
up in the sky
toward Earth’s core
to Earth’s magnetic north pole
The electrons of an atom are ____.
positively charged and in the center nucleus
negatively charged and in the center nucleus
negatively charged and orbit around the nucleus
neutral and found anywhere in the atom
A temporary magnet ____.
keeps its magnetism for a long time
cannot be destroyed
easily loses its magnetism
has two north poles
Which type of energy is associated with electric currents?
mechanical energy
electrical energy
magnetic energy
geothermal energy
An electric current also produces a (an) ____.
magnet
magnetic field
solenoid
insulator
One example of static electricity in nature is ____.
sunlight
lightning
wind turbines
running water
In a (a) circuit, there is only one path for current to take.
Increasing the number of loops in an electromagnet will cause the strength of its magnetic field to (a) .
Like electric charges (a) each other.
A switch can be used to open and close an electric (a) .
Earth’s magnetism is related to the circulation of molten material within Earth’s (a) .
A (an) (a) is a strong magnet that can be turned on and off.
An electric motor transforms (a) into mechanical energy.
The law of (a) of charge explains that charges can be transferred from one object to another in a system.
A car battery is considered to be a (a) battery because it is filled with a conductive fluid.
Rubbing a balloon along an animal fur to build up static electricity is an example of charging by (a) .
