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2025 CP Bio Final Exam Review

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 2hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

When you get a trait that is Tt it is?

a)

Homozygous

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous recessive

d)

Homozygous dominant

2.

When DNA is replicated in the Interphase.

a)

S phase

b)

G1

c)

Anaerobic respiration

d)

G2

3.

What are the stacks of thykaloids

a)

Grana

b)

Thykaloids

c)

Atp

d)

Stroma

4.

Where do light independent reactions take place in the chloroplast?

a)

Stroma

b)

Thylakoids

c)

Grana

d)

Cytoplasm

5.

What is the power house of the cell.

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

DNA

d)

Chloroplast

6.

Which is a heterozygous alle

a)

AA

b)

BB

c)

AB

d)

aa

7.

What is the last phase of interphase

a)

G1 phase

b)

S phase

c)

Interphase

d)

G2

8.

Which of these genotypes is homozygous recessive?

a)

Aa

b)

aa

c)

AA

d)

Bb

9.

What is respiration without oxygen called

a)

Cellular respiration

b)

Cardiovascular system

c)

Glucose

d)

Anaerobic respiration

10.

Who makes there own food

a)

Digestion

b)

Carnivore

c)

Autotrophs

d)

Heterotrophs

11.

What is a carnivore?

a)

A organism that eats plants

b)

A organism makes it’s own food from sunlight

c)

An organism that only drinks water

d)

A organism that eats meat

12.

Who brings amino acids to the ribosomes to make protein synthesis?

a)

DNA

b)

mRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

RNA

13.

Where does photosynthesis take place

a)

Kidney

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Small intestine

d)

Arteries

14.

What stage in the interphase does it replicate the DNA?

a)

G2

b)

G1

c)

S

d)

interphase

15.

Which carries blood away from the heart

a)

Arteries

b)

Veins

c)

Nether

d)

Both

16.

What does the large intestine do?

a)

Digest Nutrients

b)

Absorb water

c)

Breaks down cells

d)

Removes wastes

17.

Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells?

a)

Lymphatic System

b)

Nervous System

c)

Endocrine System

d)

Integumentary System

18.

What do veins do ?

a)

Bring blood to the heart

b)

Bring blood away from the heart

c)

Gets rid of white blood cells

d)

Help with digestion

19.

What does the “S” phase do during the cell cycle.

a)

Resting phase

b)

Mitotic phase

c)

Division of the cell

d)

DNA is replicated

20.

What’s a example of a autotroph

a)

Tiger

b)

Cow

c)

Grass

d)

Worm

21.

What is homozygous recessive?

a)

Yy

b)

TT

c)

tt

d)

Fw

22.

What happens during G2?

a)

Make new organelles

b)

Check for mistakes

c)

Copying of DNA

d)

Mitosis

23.

What do ribosomes do?

a)

Holds molecules together

b)

Makes proteins

c)

Brings blood into heart

d)

Takes blood away from heart

24.

What did Gregor Mendel use to study genetics?

a)

Squirrels

b)

Pea Plants

c)

Tomatoes

d)

Elephants

25.

How many nucleotides make up a codon

a)

2.0

b)

4.0

c)

3.0

d)

1.0

26.

Where is the Dna located?

a)

Chloroplats

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Chromosomes

27.

Who provides the main source of energy for the food pyramid?

a)

Chloroplast

b)

Producers

c)

Heterotroph

d)

Ribosomes

28.

What happens during digestion?

a)

DNA is transcribed

b)

Energy is produced

c)

Waste is removed from the body

d)

Food is broken down and nutrients are absorbed

29.

What is g1 phase

a)

DNA replicates

b)

The cell grows

c)

Cell splits into 2

d)

Check for mistakes

30.

What kind of Cell is Chloroplast in?

a)

Plant Cell

b)

Animal Cell

c)

Super Cell

d)

Electronic Cell

31.

Which type of organisms can form their own food form sunlight

a)

Heterotrophs

b)

Carnivores

c)

Herbivores

d)

Autotrophs

32.

Which area in the chloroplasts do light-dependent reactions take place?

a)

Stroma

b)

Thylakoids

c)

Inner membrane

d)

Roots

33.

In which organelle does cellular respiration occur?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Chloroplast

34.

Who was the father of genetics and studied pea plants to demonstrate the basics of genetics?

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Francis Crick

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

James Watson

35.

What is the main chemical compound that stores and releases energy?

a)

ATP

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

PTP

d)

Oxygen

36.

What is the name of the pigment molecule that absorbs light energy and makes plants green?

a)

chloroplast

b)

glucose

c)

mitochondria

d)

chlorophyll

37.

The process of using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar and oxygen is called _________?

a)

chlorophyll

b)

evaporation

c)

photosynthesis

d)

transportation

38.

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + Sugar

b)

CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light

c)

O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Sugar

d)

CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ Sugar

39.

Which choice correctly shows the gases that enter and exit plants during photosynthesis?

a)

Enter: Oxygen
Exit: Carbon dioxide

b)

Enter: Water vapor
Exit: Glucose

c)

Enter: Carbon dioxide
Exit: Oxygen

d)

Enter: Light
Exit: Water vapor

40.

Select all that are products of Photosynthesis.

a)

Water

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sunlight (Light Energy)

e)

Glucose (Sugar/food)

41.

What is the main function of chloroplast?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Meiosis

c)

Translation

d)

Photosynthesis

42.

The formula for glucose is...

a)

C12 H22 O11

b)

NaCl

c)

NaOH

d)

C6 H12 O6

43.

Which group of biomolecules provide quick energy to organisms?

a)

proteins

b)

carbohydrates

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acids

44.

The stages of mitosis in order

a)

Metaphase, Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase

b)

Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase

c)

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

d)

Anaphase, Prophase, Telophase, Metaphase

45.

In mitosis, the two resulting cells are

a)

different from the starting cell and identical to each other.

b)

different from the starting cell and different from each other.

c)

identical to the starting cell and different from each other.

d)

identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.

46.

Identify the Cell Cycle Stage.

a)

Anaphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Telophase

d)

Metaphase

47.

Which is Metaphase?

a)

A

b)

E

c)

C

d)

F

48.

Name the phase:

a)

Anaphase

b)

Telophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

Prophase

49.

Which model accurately shows a cell progressing through mitosis?

a)
b)
c)
d)
50.

In metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes

a)

form and the nuclear envelope disappears.

b)

are pulled toward opposite ends of the cell.

c)

chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell

d)

chromosomes begin to decondense and the two new nuclei begin to form.

51.

___________ are the building blocks of life.

a)

cells

b)

legos

c)

blocks

d)

blood

52.

DNA is located in the _____ in eukaryotic cells.

a)

nucleus

b)

cytoplasm

c)

mitochondria

d)

ribosome

53.
Which type(s) of cells contain DNA
a)
plant cells
b)
animal cells
c)
bacteria cells
d)
all cells
54.

______________________: Taking in food.

a)

Ingestion

b)

Digestion

c)

Absorption

d)

Elimination

55.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
56.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
57.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
58.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
59.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
60.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
61.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
62.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
63.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
64.

What does RNA stand for?

a)

Ribonucleic acid

b)

Ricenucleic acid

c)

Ribouncenucleic acid

d)

Rinucleic acid

65.

What are the 4 RNA nitrogen bases?

a)

adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine

b)

adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine

c)

adenine, uracil, cytoplasm, and guanine

d)

adenine, uracil, cytosine, and guanine

66.

What is the monomer of RNA?

a)

amino acids

b)

nucleotides

c)

fatty acids

d)

polysaccharides

67.

DNA contains the template to make RNA

a)

True

b)

False

68.

RNA is double-stranded.

a)

true

b)

false

c)

it depends on the type

69.

What is the process that makes a complementary mRNA strand from a DNA strand?

a)

protein synthesis

b)

transcription

c)

translation

d)

DNA Polymerase

70.
Where does transcription take place?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
71.
What is occurring in this picture?
a)
Translation
b)
Replication
c)
Translocation
d)
Transcription
72.
What does mRNA do?
a)
provides information from DNA to ribosomes
b)
transfers amino acids to the ribosomes
c)
makes up ribosomes
d)
builds proteins
73.
Which phrase best describes translation?
a)
converts mRNA into a polypeptide
b)
catalyzes bonds between amino acids
c)
produces RNA from DNA molecules
d)
recycles tRNA molecules for reuse
74.

Which Nucleic Acids can be found in the nucleus?

a)

DNA only

b)

DNA & RNA

c)

RNA only

d)

enzymes only

75.

What is the order for Protein Synthesis?

a)

Transcription -> Translation -> Protein

b)

Translation - > Transcription -> Protein

c)

Protein -> Transcription -> Translation

d)

Translation -> Protein -> Transcription

76.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
77.
The codon CCU codes for what amino acid?
a)
Isoleucine
b)
Stop
c)
Methionine
d)
Proline
78.
Which amino acid pairs with the codon AGA
a)
Thr
b)
Arg
c)
Ala
d)
Glu
79.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
80.
Darwin theorized that individuals having an advantage due to their traits or abilities will be more likely to survive and reproduce.  This theory is known as
a)
evolution
b)
speciation
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
81.
What is survival of the fittest?
a)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
b)
It is where the fittest die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
c)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore can't reproduce and pass on their genes
d)
It is where the fittest don't die out and therefore reproduce and pass on their genes
82.
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?
a)
Their feathers 
b)
Genotypes 
c)
Their beaks
d)
Their body sizes
83.

Homologous structures are

a)

same structure, different function

b)

same function, different structure

84.
If an organism has a vestigial structure, that structure likely once had a function in a(n)
a)
close relative
b)
early ancestor
c)
unrelated organism
d)
embryological stage
85.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
86.
If two parents are heterozygous for type A blood, what is the probability that their offspring would have type O blood?
a)
100 %
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
87.
If two parents have type AB blood, what is the probability that their child will have type O blood?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
88.

if a person has an A phenotype what could be the genotype

a)

AA

b)

BO

c)

AO

d)

OO

89.

Punnett Square: Type AB father and type O mother. What are the percentages of each offspring?

a)

Type A: 50%, Type B 0%, Type AB 50%, Type 0 0%

b)

Type A: 50%, Type B 50%, Type AB 0%, Type 0 0%

c)

Type A: 25%, Type B 25%, Type AB 25%, Type 0 25%

d)

Type A: 0%, Type B 0%, Type AB 50%, Type 0 50%

90.

Two parents think their baby was switched at the hospital. The mother has blood type O, the father has blood type AB and the baby has blood type B.

Complete a punnett square and then answer the question. What is the mother's genotype? What is the father's genotype?

a)

Mom genotype is IᴬIᴬ, Dad genotype is IᴬIᴮ

b)

Mom genotype is ii, Dad genotype is IᴮIᴮ

c)

Mom genotype is ii Dad genotype is IᴬIᴮ

d)

Mom genotype is ii Dad genotype is ii

91.

What part of the microscope is labeled 1?

a)

objective lenses

b)

ocular lens

c)

stage

d)

coarse adjustment knob

92.

What part of the microscope is labeled 2?

a)

Body Tube

b)

base

c)

Light source

d)

Diaphragm

93.

What part of the microscope is labeled 3?

a)

Arm

b)

Stage

c)

Objective Lenses

d)

Nose piece

94.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 4?

a)

Fine adjustment knob

b)

Coarse Adjustment knob

c)

Stage clips

d)

Arm

95.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 6?

a)

Stage clips

b)

Stage

c)

Body Tube

d)

Fine Adjustment knob

96.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 7?

a)

Stage clips

b)

Base

c)

Stage

d)

Diaphragm

97.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 8?

a)

Fine adjustment knob

b)

Coarse adjustment knob

c)

light source

d)

objective lenses

98.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 9?

a)

Diaphragm

b)

Light source

c)

base

d)

stage

99.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 10?

a)

Ocular Lens

b)

Fine adjustment knob

c)

base

d)

light source

aka illuminator

100.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 11?

a)

Coarse adjustment knob

b)

Fine adjustment knob

c)

base

d)

body tube

101.

Which part of the microscope is labeled 12?

a)

Light Source

b)

Nose piece

c)

Base

d)

Body tube

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