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Biology STAAR Review

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 2hrs 5mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
2.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
3.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
4.
Which biomolecule is this a picture of?
a)
Protein
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
5.

Which biomolecule is responsible for insulation and long-term energy storage?

a)

Protein

b)

Nucleic Acid

c)

Lipid

d)

Carbohydrate

6.

Which biomolecule is made of amino acids and provides structural support?

a)

Nucleic Acid

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

Lipid

7.

Which biomolecule is your main source of energy?

a)

Nucleic Acid

b)

Protein

c)

Lipid

d)

Carbohydrate

8.

1. What organelle is responsible for letting things in and out of the cell?

a)

Cell membrane

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleus

9.

What organelle controls the functions within the cell (similar to the brain)? This organelle stores DNA!

a)

Lysosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Chromosomes

10.

What is the powerhouse of the cell? It converts glucose into energy that the cell can use during cellular respiration.

a)

Mitochondrion

b)

Golgi body

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosomes

11.

Where are proteins synthesized? These structures are found in the cells of plant and animals. Bacteria too!

a)

Golgi body

b)

Mitoichondrion

c)

Chromosomes

d)

Ribosomes

12.

Plants and animals are both examples of ___________________ because their cells contain a _________________.

a)

prokaryotes, cell membrane

b)

eukaryotes, cell membrane

c)

prokaryotes ells, nucleus

d)

eukaryotes cells, nucleus

13.

What type of cell do bacteria fall under, as they possess no nucleus?

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Eukaryotic Cells

c)

Viral Cells

14.

The cell below is in a _________ solution. Water exited the cell because of the higher concentration outside the cell. As a result, the cell shrunk (smaller).

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

15.

The cell below is in a _________ solution. Water entered the cell because of the higher concentration inside the cell. As a result, the cell swelled (bigger).

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

c)

Isotonic

16.

What will happen to a somatic cell in an isotonic solution?

a)

Swell (bigger)

b)

Shrink (smaller)

c)

Stay the same size

17.

What will happen if you place a plant cell in salt water?

a)

It will swell (bigger) because water will enter the cell.

b)

It will swell (bigger) because water will exit the cell.

c)

It will shrivel (smaller) because water will exit the cell.

18.

Osmosis is the movement of water. What will be the direction of the water movement?

a)

From side A to side B

b)

From side B to side A

c)

The water will move in both direction at equal rates!

19.

What type of transport involves movement across a protein channel? No energy required!

a)

Facilitated Diffusion

b)

Active Transport

c)

Diffusion

d)

Osmosis

20.

Osmosis is the movement of __________ across a membrane.

a)

food

b)

energy

c)

oxygen

d)

water

21.

What do viruses and living cells have in common?

a)

Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA)

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Cell Membrane

22.

Why are viruses are considered nonliving organisms?

a)

Viruses need a host cell to reproduce.

b)

Viruses cannot absorb nutrients.

c)

Viruses cannot make proteins.

d)

All of the above?

23.

Which of the following occurs after a virus attaches to a host cell in the viral reproduction process?

a)

The host cell immediately dies.

b)

The virus dies after attaching the the host cell.

c)

The virus inserts its genetic information into the host cell.

d)

Copies of the virus are immediately released from the host.

24.

This infectious viral disease has many symptoms that range from chills, coughing and sneezing to fever, muscle aches, nausea and vomiting. These symptoms show up within 2 to 7 days after our cells become infected. What is the viral reproduction cycle of this virus?

a)

Lytic Cycle

b)

Lysogenic Cycle

c)

Meiosis

d)

Mitosis

25.
Identify the Cell Cycle Stage.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
26.
Identify the Cell Cycle Stage.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
27.
Identify the Cell Cycle Stage.
a)
Interphase
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
28.

In mitosis, the two resulting cells are -

a)

different from the starting cell and identical to each other.

b)

different from the starting cell and different from each other.

c)

identical to the starting cell and different from each other.

d)

identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.

29.

During the ___ phase, DNA is replicated.

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

M

30.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
31.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
32.
order of replication
a)
3, 2, 1, 4
b)
2, 1, 4, 3
c)
2, 3, 1, 4
d)
3, 4, 1, 2
33.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
34.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
35.
products of meiosis are genetically
a)
different
b)
identical
36.
Fill in the complementary base pair (mRNA): T A G C T A
a)
A U C G A U
b)
A T C G A T
c)
U T C G A U
d)
T U G C T A
37.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
38.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
39.
What is the purpose of this process?
a)
to create polypeptides and, eventually proteins for gene expression
b)
to copy original DNA strands into complimentary strands
c)
to generate and release ATP
d)
to regulate the internal environment of the cell
40.
DNA holds the code for
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
protein
d)
sugar
41.
The main function of tRNA is to...
a)
carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins
b)
form a portion of ribosomes
c)
string together complementary RNA and DNA strands
d)
bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
42.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
43.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
44.
ATTTGAGCC- Original
ATTGAGCC - Mutated
The example above is an example of a 
a)
Insertion- Frameshift
b)
Deletion- Substitution
c)
Deletion -Frameshift
d)
All of the above
45.
Why is the order of amino acids so important?
a)
The order of amino acids dictates what shape the protein will fold into.
b)
It is not important. The protein folding chamber will force the protein to fold into the correct shape.
46.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G
a)
deletion frameshift
b)
insertion frameshift
c)
substitution
d)
nonsense
47.

If a heterozygous tall pea plant (Tt) is crossed with a short pea plant (tt), what are the possible genotypes of the future offspring?

a)

100% Tt

b)

50% Tt, 50% tt

c)

75%Tt, 25%tt

d)

25%TT, 50%Tt, 25%tt

48.
If T=Tall & t=short, what is the genotypic ratio?
a)
1:3
b)
3:1
c)
1:2:1
d)
2:2
49.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
50.
W=white hair
w= non-white hair
If you cross a horse with WW and a horse with ww what fraction of the offspring would be expected to have white hair?
a)
none
b)
3/4
c)
1/2
d)
all
51.
If the dominant allele (B) represents brown hair and the recessive allele (b) represents blonde hair, which offspring represents a homozygous recessive genotype?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
blonde
d)
bb
52.
What is the genotype for a pea plant heterozygous for round seeds (R), and homozygous recessive for green seeds (y)?
a)
Ry
b)
RRyy
c)
RrYy
d)
Rryy
53.
Based off this punnett square, what fraction of the offspring will have wrinkled, yellow seeds?
a)
9/16
b)
3/16
c)
1/16
d)
16/16
54.
An illustration and a dichotomous key are given. What is the correct classification for this organism?
a)
Class Insecta
b)
Order Amblygygi
c)
Order Araneae
d)
Order Scorpiones
55.
According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?
a)
crayfish
b)
grasshopper
c)
perch
d)
frog
56.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
57.
Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry
a)
vestigial structures
b)
homologous structures
c)
adaptive radiation
d)
fossil
58.
In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown in Figure
a)
examples of fossils.
b)
vestigial structures.
c)
acquired traits.
59.

Why did the yellow ants survive better in the desert?

a)

They could blend in/camouflage with the sand

b)

They could dig into the sand and hide

c)

They could kill the other ants

d)

It was random.

60.
A harmless scarlet king snake and a venomous eastern coral snake have similar band patterns, as shown. For the scarlet king snake, the adaptation of having a banding pattern like the eastern coral snake's is known as mimicry.
The outcome of this adaptation in the scarlet king snake is to -
a)
make it easier for the scarlet king snake to attract prey
b)
make it easier for the scarlet king snake to interbreed with the other snake
c)
allow the scarlet king snake to blend in with its environment
d)
protect the scarlet king snake from predators
61.
Organisms with the most beneficial traits will survive.  This is commonly known as
a)
DNA
b)
variations.
c)
survival of the fittest.
d)
ecosystems.
62.
The scientific name for an organism is made from the:
a)
class and family name
b)
genus and species name
c)
domain and kingdom name
d)
kingdom and phylum name
63.
Which organism in the table is least closely related to the chimpanzee?
a)
human
b)
grey wolf
c)
tiger snake
d)
monarch butterfly
64.
I am prokaryotic and am found everywhere. What kingdom do I belong to?
a)
Eubacteria
b)
Archaebacteria
c)
Fungi
d)
Protista
65.
I have a nuclear membrane, can do photosynthesis and am multicellular. What kingdom do I belong to?
a)
Animalia
b)
Archaebacteria
c)
Plantae
d)
Protista
66.
Which group(s) of organisms do not have vertebrae?
a)
lampreys and lancelets
b)
lampreys and tuna
c)
lancelets only
d)
salamanders, tuna, and lampreys
67.
A student discovers an arachnid with a segmented abdomen, long legs, and a tail with no stinger. The student uses the dichotomous key below to identify it. Which arachnid has the student found?
a)
Whip Scorpion
b)
Wind Scorpion
c)
Daddy long legs
d)
Scorpion
68.
The diaphragm is a muscle that interacts with the _____ system because it expands and relaxes your chest which pull air in and out of your lungs. 
WHICH BODY SYSTEMS? 
a)
nervous and respiratory
b)
respiratory and muscle
c)
digestive and excretory
d)
endocrine and exocrine
69.
A student was playing with his little brother who had stayed home from school sick because he got infected with the flu. The student had his flu vaccine so he did not get sick because his antibodies and white blood cells were circulated through the blood to fight an infection. 
WHICH  BODY SYSTEMS?
a)
circulatory and immune
b)
excretory and digestive
c)
digestive and nervous
d)
nervous and endocrine
70.
Our brain interacts with our muscle to coordinate movements throughout our bodies.  WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
a)
excretory and endocrine
b)
digestive and excretory
c)
eyes and lung
d)
nervous and muscular
71.
The muscular system interacts with the system that helps break down food and move the food we eat through our bodies.  
WHICH BODY SYSTEMS ?
a)
nervous and digestive
b)
digestive and muscle
c)
excretory and endocrine
d)
endocrine and nervous
72.
In order for humans to reproduce an egg must be fertilized by a sperm. For women ovulation is the time when an egg is released due to hormone stimulation. WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
a)
excretory and endocrine
b)
endocrine and reproductive
c)
digestive and nervous
d)
circulatory and respiratory
73.
During cold weather our skin usually responds to the cold by developing goose bumps, which are muscle contraction.
WHICH BODY SYSTEMS?
a)
muscular and integument
b)
circulatory and excretory
c)
digestive and nervous
d)
respiratory and endocrine
74.
Specialized tissue within roots, stems and leaves that moves food downward.
a)
tissue
b)
xylem
c)
transipration
d)
phloem
75.
What kind of response is this?
a)
Gravitropism
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Thigmotropism
d)
Hydrotropism
76.
What type of tropism response to touch? 
a)
Geotropism
b)
Phototropism
c)
Thigmotropism
d)
Hydrotropism
77.
This picture would represent which type of tropism?
a)
Phototropism
b)
Geotropism
c)
Hydrotropism
d)
Thigmotropism
78.
The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next...
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
50%
79.
What are the plants in this picture? 
a)
Heterotrophs 
b)
Autotrophs
c)
Carnivores 
d)
Herbivores 
80.
An organism that lives by breaking apart dead organic matter into simpler parts is...
a)
scavenger
b)
consumer
c)
decomposer
d)
carnivore
81.

Which of the following is a herbivore and primary consumer?

a)

cricket

b)

frog

c)

hawk

d)

shrew

82.
Which organism recieves the least amount of energy from the producer?
a)
Owl
b)
Grasshopper
c)
Lilypad
d)
Mouse
83.
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
a)
make glucose
b)
make ATP
c)
make light
d)
release carbon dioxide
84.
How can photosynthesis be related to cellular respiration?
a)
What's produced (made) by one is needed (the reactants) for the other
b)
They both produce the same products
c)
They both have the same reactants (need the same things)
d)
These 2 processes have nothing in common
85.

What is the function of nucleic acids?

a)

Stores energy

b)

Stores genetic information

c)

Movement

d)

Physical structure

86.

Which element is found in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) but NOT in proteins?

a)

Nitrogen (N)

b)

Phosphate (P)

c)

Oxygen (O)

d)

Hydrogen (H)

87.

Which elements are found in carbohydrates and lipids (sources of energy)?

a)

C, H, O, N, P

b)

C, H, O, N

c)

C, H, O

88.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
89.

Which best describes the basic structure of a virus?

a)

A nucleic acid strand surrounded by a protein coat.

b)

A protein tail surrounded by a lipid coat.

c)

A lipid tail surrounded by a carbohydrate coat.

d)

A nucleic acid strand surrounded by a carbohydrate coat.

90.

What trait do salamanders and turtles NOT share in this cladogram?

a)

amniotic egg

b)

four walking legs

c)

jaws

d)

vertebral column

91.

Which organism's DNA will differ the most from the primates?

a)

birds

b)

sharks

c)

rodents and rabbits

d)

birds

92.

What trait separates amphibians from primates in this cladogram?

a)

amniotic egg

b)

four limbs

c)

egg with shells

d)

bony skeleton

93.
A tapeworm and a cat have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitism
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
94.
What type of symbiosis?  Hummingbirds feed on nectar from flowers.  The flowers are pollinated by hummingbirds as they move from flower to flower.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
95.
Cattle egrets forage (feed) in fields among cattle. The egret gets easy access to flying insects stirred up by the cattle, and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
96.
Which organism do the owl and the weasel compete for in the food web?
a)
Hawk
b)
Spider
c)
Grasshopper
d)
Shrew
97.
What might happen if you remove a primary consumer from the ecosystem?
a)
There would be more food for secondary consumers.
b)
The number of primary consumers would increase.
c)
The number of plants would increase.
d)
The number of secondary consumers would increase.
98.
Which of the following would be the most likely effect, if there were a sudden increase in the cricket population?
a)
There would be a decrease in the small bird population.
b)
There would be a decrease in the grass/flowers population.
c)
There would be a decrease in the mice population.
d)
There would be an increase in the grass/flowers population.
99.
Breathing rate increases during exercise to help meet the increased oxygen demand by skeletal muscles.
a)
respiratory, circulatory
b)
muscular, skeletal
c)
respiratory, skeletal
d)
respiratory, muscular
100.
Shivering is what type of feedback?
a)
negative
b)
positive
c)
bad
d)
good
101.
The two strands of DNA are held together by:
a)
Hydrogen Bonds
b)
Phosphodiester Bonds
c)
Glycolsyl Bonds
d)
Glycosidic Linkages
102.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate

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