Worksheets100 Anatomy Questions
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 1hrs 11mins
Match the anatomical plane to the correct definition:
A plane where the body is split into two unequal lateral sections
Sagittal
A plane where any part of the body is split into caudal/cranial or distal/proximal sections
Transverse
A plane where the body is split into two equal lateral sections down the midline of the patient
Medial
A plane where the body is split into dorsal and ventral portions
Dorsal
To demonstrate this, click on the right ventricle and the left atria
Label valves and vessels
Mitral Valve
Pulmonary Veins
Aortic Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Cranial Vena Cava
Caudal Vena Cava
Aorta
Pulmonary Artery
Label the conductive anatomy of the heart
Sinoatrial (SA) Node
Atrioventricular (AV) Node
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibres
What is the function (job) of the platelets?
To form clots (i.e. scabs) when you have cuts and grazes.
To transport oxygen to the muscles
To carry dissolved sugars.
To produce antibodies
Which blood vessel has valves to prevent the back-flow of blood?
Veins
Arteries
Capillaries
Arteries have thick muscular walls?
true
false
What does catabolism refer to?
The build-up of substances required in the body
The process by which the body uses energy to create substances
The break-down of substances where energy is released
The range of biochemical processes that occur within a living organism
Into what substance is starch broken down in the body?
Amino acids
Fatty acids & glycerol
Glucose
Enzymes
Which organ is responsible for the production of bile?
Pancreas
Gall bladder
Liver
Salivary glands
Which section of the digestive tract is primarily involved in the absorption of nutrients?
Esophagus
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
What balances the rapid tooth growth in wild rabbits?
Commercial diets
Bone development
Tooth wear from eating grass
Malnutrition
What suspends the tongue from the skull?
The mandible
The maxilla
The hyoid apparatus
The vertebral column
What is the name of the gland labeled in the diagram that is situated below the mandible?
Parotid gland
Zygomatic gland
Mandibular gland
Sublingual gland
What enzyme contained in the saliva of some omnivores and birds helps to break down starch?
Pepsin
Lipase
Salivary amylase
Hydrochloric acid
Which animals do not have salivary amylase?
Humans
Dogs
Cows
Pigs
What is the pharynx?
A) A long bone
B) A short muscular tube
C) A type of cell
D) A blood vessel
With what type of epithelium is the oesophagus lined?
Simple squamous epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Transitional epithelium
What is the name of the entrance sphincter to the stomach?
Pyloric sphincter
Cardiac sphincter
Rugae sphincter
Esophageal sphincter
What is the name of the most caudal (exit) sphincter from the stomach?
Cardiac sphincter
Esophageal sphincter
Pyloric sphincter
Rugae sphincter
What is the term for the movement that propels food through the stomach to the duodenum?
Diffusion
Osmosis
Peristalsis
Filtration
Match the secretions to the cells of the stomach
Goblet
Mucus
Parietal
Hydrochloric Acid
Chief
Pepsinogen
The Exocrine pancreas secretes pancreatic juice which contains:
(a) - To neutralize acid pH
(b) - Which converts peptides and proteins into Amino Acids
(c) - Which converts fats to fatty acids
(d) - Which converts starches to maltose
The hormone Secretin causes the Brunner's glands - made up of the succus entericus and the crypts of lieberkuhn to secrete intestinal juices. What causes the secretion of secretin?
Chyme passing through the pyloric sphincter
Stools moving through the large intestines
Chyle entering the lymphatic system
Bolus moving through the eosophagus
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating the metabolism in cats?
Insulin
Oestrogen
Thyroxine
Cortisol
Which disorder in dogs is characterized by insufficient production of adrenal hormones?
Diabetes Mellitus
Cushing's Disease
Addison's Disease
Hyperthyroidism
Which hormone is involved in the fight or flight response in dogs?
Insulin
Somatatropin
Adrenaline
Thyroxine
Organize these hormones to the glands which secrete them
TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone)
LH (Leutinising Hormone)
ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone)
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
GH
Oxytocin
ADH
T3
T4
Calcitonin
Parathormone (Parathyroid Hormone)
Organize these hormones to the glands which secrete them
Insulin
Glucagon
Somatostatin
Adrenaline/Epinephrine
Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine
Cortisol
Renin
Erythropoietin
Aldosterone
Organize these hormones to the glands which secrete them
Insulin
Glucagon
Somatostatin
Adrenaline/Epinephrine
Noradrenaline/Norepinephrine
Cortisol
Renin
Erythropoietin
Aldosterone
In cats, what is the effect of hyperthyroidism on heart rate?
Decreases heart rate
Increases heart rate
Has no effect on heart rate
Initially increases, then decreases heart rate
What feature of lymphatic capillaries allows tissue fluid to enter?
Tight junctions between cells
Large openings between cells
Tiny pores in the capillary wall
Absence of a capillary wall
Into which part of the heart do the lymphatic ducts drain?
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right atrium
How is the fluid moved through the lymphatic vessels?
Heart contractions
Gravity
Body movements
Active transport
What is the main collecting duct of the lymphatic system?
Right lymphatic duct
Left lymphatic duct
Thoracic duct
Cisterna chyli
Where are lacteals located in the human body?
In the heart
In the villi of the small intestine
In the lungs
In the liver
What is the function of lymph nodes as lymph passes through them?
To produce hormones
To filter lymph and engulf foreign material
To store red blood cells
To regulate body temperature
What can be an indication that lymph nodes are fighting an infection?
They become less sensitive to touch
They decrease in size
They become raised and swollen
They change color
Where do B cells originate?
Thymus
Bone marrow
Spleen
Liver
Which of the following is NOT a lymphatic tissue?
Spleen
Thymus
Tonsils
Pancreas
Label the superficial lymph nodes
Popliteal
Parotid
Submandibular
Axillary
Superficial inguinal
Where are the kidneys located in most domestic animals?
In the cranial thoracic area
In the dorsal abdominal area
In the ventral neck area
In the caudal pelvic area
In most domestic animals, the right kidney is more cranial than the left due to the presence of what organ?
The liver
The spleen
The stomach
The pancreas
What is the outer portion of the kidney called?
Renal medulla
Renal pyramid
Renal cortex
Renal pelvis
What is the renal corpuscle composed of?
Renal artery and renal vein
Afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole
Bowman's capsule and glomerulus
Proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule
Where is the Loop of Henle located?
In the renal cortex
In the renal pelvis
In the renal medulla
Outside the kidney
Where does the renal vein leave the kidney?
At the cortex
At the medulla
At the hilus
At the pelvis
Which substances are reabsorbed 100% into the blood from the nephron?
Water and potassium chloride ions
Glucose and amino acids
Sodium and bicarbonate ions
Potassium and sodium ions
What does the descending Loop of Henle primarily reabsorb?
Potassium and sodium ions
Water by osmosis
Bicarbonate ions
Glucose and amino acids
Which hormone allows the body to reabsorb water from the collecting ducts?
Aldosterone
Insulin
Glucagon
ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)
Label the generic urinary system
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Label the kidney
Renal Pelvis
Fibrous Capsule
Cortex
Medulla
Renal Artery
Renal Vein
Hilus
Ureter
Label the Nephron
Venules
Arterioles
Collecting Duct
Distal Convoluted Tubule
Ascending Loop of Henle
Glomerulus
Bowman's Capsule
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Descending Loop of Henle
Which layer is the renal CORTEX
What is another name for compact bone?
Spongy bone
Marrow bone
Cortical bone
Medullary bone
What does the compact bone form?
The central cavity of the bone
The loose structure inside the bone
The dense walls of the bone shaft
The outer covering of the bone marrow
What is haemopoiesis?
The breakdown of blood and platelets
The circulation of blood within the body
The production of blood and platelets from the bone marrow
The conversion of bone marrow into blood cells
What are osteoblasts responsible for?
Bone resorption/breakdown
Synthesis of bone material
Maintenance of local environment and tissue
Transporting nutrients
What are lacunae in the Haversian system?
Minute channels that connect the lacunae
Gaps in the matrix that contain osteocytes
Nutrient and waste exchange
The central canal of the osteon
Where do primary ossification centers appear during endochondral ossification?
In the epiphysis
In the periosteum
In the diaphysis
In the medullary cavity
What is a characteristic of pneumatic bones?
They are found in birds and have a hollow internal structure with struts
They develop in soft tissue and are not attached to the rest of the skeleton
They have an outer cortex and a central medullary cavity
They are a small independent bone developed in a tendon
Which minerals are stored in the skeleton?
Iron and zinc
Calcium and phosphorus
Sodium and potassium
Magnesium and copper
What does the term Foramen refer to?
Ridge or raised point
Opening in a bone to permit vessels through (e.g., blood, nerves)
Furrow to allow vessel/nerve to travel without being compressed
Connective tissue surrounding bone except at joints
Organize these bones into the right types of bone
Bones of the Cranium
Scapula
Bones of the Sternum
Tibia and Fibula
Femur
Radius and Ulna
Humerus
Bones of the Carpus
Bones of the Tarsus
Sphenoid Bones
Vertbebrae
Bones of the Pelvis
Which part of the feline respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide?
Trachea
Bronchi
Alveoli
Larynx
Which part of the cat nervous system controls balance and coordination?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Spinal cord
Medulla oblongata
Which part of the dog reproductive system produces testosterone?
Ovaries
Testes
Uterus
Epididymis
Which part of the cat nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response?
Central nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
What is the name of the longest bone in the canine body?
Femur
Tibia
Humerus
Scapula
Which component of the feline cardiovascular system is responsible for pumping blood to the lungs?
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
What is the name of the structure that connects muscles to bones in dogs?
Ligament
Tendon
Cartilage
Fascia
Which muscle type is under voluntary control in dogs?
Cardiac muscle
Smooth muscle
Skeletal muscle
None of the above
Which structure in the dog reproductive system stores and matures sperm?
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicles
Epididymis
Prostate gland
Which part of the feline cardiovascular system is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body?
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Carotid artery
Jugular vein
In cats, which structure in the urogenital system is responsible for transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Urethra
Ureters
Renal artery
Renal vein
In dogs, which part of the endocrine system is known as the "master gland"?
Thyroid gland
Adrenal gland
Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Which part of the feline respiratory system is primarily responsible for warming and humidifying inhaled air?
Nasal cavity
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Fats that are digested and absorbed into lacteals are then carried almost directly into the:
Cisterna chyli
Hepatic vein
Hepatic portal vein
Right azygos vein
In the animal cell, protein manufacture is carried out by the:
nucleus
ribosomes
lysosomes
mitochondria
The term given to circular rings of muscle that control the entrance and exit of a structure is:
extrinsic
intrinsic
aponeurosis
sphincter
Where is the organ of Corti located?
Urinary tract
Ear
Eye
Lungs
The dorsal shell of a tortoise is known as the:
Plastron
Bridge
Carapace
Cloaca
The hormone that controls blood pressure and is produced by the kidney is:
renin
secretin
angiotensin
erythropoetin
What is the function of the aortic and carotid bodies:
Contain receptors that respond to changes in blood oxygen and carbon dioxide levels
Contain receptors that respond to low blood haemoglobin
Contain receptors that respond to bradycardia only
Contain receptors that respond to high blood pH only
Neural control of respiration is centred in the:
hypothalamus and pituitary gland
limbic system and olfactory bulb
cerebellum and thalamus
pons and medulla oblongata
Myelin is produced by:
Myelinocytes
Ranvier cells
Schwann cells
The nerve axon
The cauda equina is found within the:
Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain
Spinal cord
The main function of cranial nerve III is to supply motor nerves to the:
Eye muscles
Jaw muscles
Muscles of facial expression
Tongue
The muscles lying dorsally to the transverse processes of the vertebrae are:
Crural
Intercostal
Hypaxial, (lie ventrally to vertebrae)
Epaxial
What term is related to the movement of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution through a semi-permeable membrane
Diffusion
Active transport
Osmosis
Passive transport
Pyrexia is a direct result of a change to the:
cardiac centre
vasomotor centre
respiratory centre
thermoregulatory centre
The xiphoid process is part of the:
Humerus
Mandible
Scapula
Sternum
An avulsion fracture can be described as one in which:
a small chunk of bone attached to a tendon or ligament gets pulled away from the main part of the bone
the bone is broken into many small pieces
a bone bends and cracks, without breaking
the fracture line is perpendicular to the shaft of the bone
Another name for an oviduct:
Fallopian tube
Uterine horn
Vestibule
Vulva
The muscles involved in normal respiration are the:
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
Abdominal oblique and pectoral muscles
Intercostal and pectoral muscles
Intercostal and abdominal oblique muscles
How many daughter cells does the process of mitosis result in:
1
2
3
4
What type of joint allows for no or very little movement?
Diarthrosis
Synostosis
Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
What is the term for the fibrous joint that connects teeth to the mandible or maxilla?
Suture
Gomphosis
Syndesmosis
Synovial joint
Which type of cartilage is found in the pinna and trachea?
Hyaline cartilage
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage
Calcified cartilage
What are the main components of synovial fluid?
Collagen and elastin
Hyaluronic acid and glycoproteins
Keratin and lipids
Chondroitin sulfate and water
