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Chemistry and Macromolecules Review

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Glucose is an example of a

a)

monosaccharide

b)

polysaccharide

c)

disaccharide

2.

What subatomic particles make up the mass of the nucleus?

a)

electrons and neutrons

b)

protons and neutrons

c)

electrons and protons

d)

protons and nucleic acids

3.

The ____ is positively charged, whereas the ___ is negatively charged.

a)

  1. neutron, electron

b)

  1. electron, neutron

c)

proton, electron

d)

proton, neutron

4.

A mystery solution had a pH of 4.5 on the pH scale. Which is true?

a)

  1. There are absolutely no hydrogen ions in that solution, which makes it more basic.

b)

  1. There are more hydrogen ions in that solution, which makes it more acidic.

c)

  1. There are more hydroxide ions in that solution, which makes it more acidic.

d)

  1. There are less hydrogen ions in that solution, which  makes it more neutral.

5.

Organic compounds contain mostly ___, ___, and ____ atoms.

a)

  1. oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen

b)

  1. sulfur, phosphorus, and nitrogen

c)

  1. hydrogen, sulfur, and carbon

d)

  1. nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen

6.

Macromolecules are built from ____ which link together to form ____.

a)

  1. polymers, monomers

b)

  1. monomers, polymers

c)

  1. monomers, macromolecules

d)

  1. polymers, compounds

7.

The four main types of macromolecules are:

a)

  1. acids, bases, enzymes, and nucleic acids.

b)

  1. carbohydrates, lipids, acids, and bases

c)

  1. nucleic acids, proteins, chemical reactions, and bases

d)

  1. carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

8.

A disaccharide contains ____ joined by dehydration synthesis. (removal of a water molecule) for example: lactose

a)

  1. 2 monosaccharides

b)

  1. 3 polysaccharides

c)

  1. 3 monosaccharides

d)

  1. 3 or more sugars

9.

____ are the building blocks, or monomers, that make up proteins.

a)

nucleic acids

b)

fatty acids

c)

amino acids

d)

lipids

10.

How many amino acids are naturally made by the human body?

a)

20

b)

23

c)

32

d)

35

11.

A DNA nucleotide consists of a _____, _____ and ____.

a)

  1. deoxyribose, nucleic, acid

b)

  1. 5-carbon sugar, salt, water

c)

  1. 5-carbon sugar, base, phosphate

d)

  1. water, base, sulfur

12.

Which type of bonds hold two or more water molecules together?

a)

  1. hydrogen bonds

b)

  1. covalent bonds

c)

ionic bonds

d)

Van der Waals

13.

What are buffers?

a)

  1. Buffers are acids that cause the pH of blood to decrease.

b)

  1. Buffers are bases that cause the pH of blood to increase.

c)

  1. Buffers prevent small amounts of acid or base from changing the pH of blood.

d)

  1. Buffers are catalysts that prevent changes to the pH of blood.

14.

After the enzyme releases its substrate, what MOST LIKELY will occur next?

a)

  1. The enzyme will be degraded, or broken apart.

b)

  1. The enzyme will repeat its function of binding reactants and releasing products.

c)

  1. The enzyme will take on a new function and catalyze a different chemical reaction.

d)

  1. The enzyme will take on a new function that does not involve chemical reactions, such as providing cell structure support.

15.

The attraction of water to itself is called

a)

surface tension

b)

cohesion

c)

adhesion

d)

none of the above

16.

The attraction of water to something else is called

a)

cohesion

b)

adhesion

c)

surface tension

d)

van der Waals

17.

 How do any two types of amino acids (monomer of proteins) differ from one another?

a)

  1. The number of amino groups in the molecule

b)

  1. The number of carboxyl groups in the molecule

c)

  1. The chemical structure of the R group in the molecule

d)

  1. The number of chemical bonds formed by the central carbon atom.

18.

Which of the following is true about carbohydrates?

a)

  1. Starch and glucose are reactants that combine to form proteins.

b)

  1. Starch is a monomer that is used to make glucose.

c)

  1. Starch is a polymer made of glucose monomers.

d)

  1. Starch and glucose are reactants that combine to form nucleic acids.

19.

Ice floats and does not sink to the bottom because:

a)

Ice is less dense than water.

b)

Ice is more dense than water.

c)

Ice has a higher temperature than water.

d)

Ice is heavier than water.

20.

Which of these is a primary energy source for living things?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

proteins

21.

The monomer of this macromolecule is an amino acid.

a)

protein

b)

carbohydrate

c)

lipid

d)

nucleic acid

22.

This macromolecule makes up things like bread, pasta, and sugars.

a)

carbohydrates

b)

proteins

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acids

23.

The monomer of ___________ is macromolecule are fatty acids and glycerol.

a)

carbohydates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

24.

All organic molecules contain

a)

carbon

b)

phosphorus

c)

nitrogen

d)

chlorine

25.

Enzymes are

a)

proteins that speed up reactions

b)

lipids that slow down reactions

c)

carbohydrates that speed up reactions

d)

nucleic acids that slow down reactions

26.

Polymers are made up on individual subunits called

a)

monomers

b)

sugars

c)

saccharides

d)

nucleotides

27.

This molecules is a LONG term energy storage molecule.

a)

lipid

b)

carbohydrate

c)

nuclein acid

d)

protein

28.

Mrs. Smith can't eat ice cream because her body doesn't make an ____ called lactase.

a)

enzyme

b)

saccahride

c)

fatty acid

d)

glycerol

29.

simple sugar that is a monomer of carbohydrates

a)

monosaccharide

b)

disaccharide

c)

polysaccharide`

d)

macromoleci;e

30.

Which subatomic part of an atom gives it a positive charge?

a)

Neutron

b)

Proton

c)

Electron

d)

Nucleus

31.

What is the smallest 'building block' of the elements that make up the universe?

a)

An atom

b)

An electron

c)

A proton

d)

A cell

32.

What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons?

a)

Covalent

b)

Ionic

c)

Hydrogen

d)

Polyatomic

33.

A substance with a pH of 8 is a

a)

acid

b)

base

c)

neutral

34.

Carbon has 4 valence electrons which means

a)

it can only form bonds with carbon

b)

it is stable

c)

it can make ionic bonds

d)

it wants to make 4 covalent bonds

35.

Activation energy is

a)

The energy to start a car

b)

The energy needed to break down CO2

c)

The energy needed to start a reaction

d)

The energy used to digest food

36.

Acids have more ______ ions than bases

a)

OH-

b)

H-

c)

OH+

d)

H+

37.

If salt is dissolved in water, water is the ____________

a)

Solution

b)

Solute

c)

Solvent

d)

Suspension

38.

Which of the following would be considered most acidic?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

7

d)

13

39.

The number of protons is represented by an element's

a)

Isotope

b)

Atomic mass

c)

Atomic number

d)

Symbol

40.

Check the subatomic particle(s) that is/are found in the nucleus of an atom.

a)

Proton

b)

Electron

c)

Ion

d)

Neutron

e)

Isotope

41.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
42.
With what 3 letters do enzymes typically end?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
43.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
44.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
45.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
46.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
47.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
48.
If a chemical reaction is EXOTHERMIC, the temperature would....
a)
Stay the same
b)
Increase
c)
Decrease
49.

The ___ is the thing being dissolved.

a)

solute

b)

solvent

c)

mixture

d)

solution

50.

What is a solvent

a)

A liquid that will dissolve a solid solute

b)

Another word for solution

c)

A thing that make drinks change colour

d)

Usually the solid about to be dissolved

51.
If I dissolve sugar in water, what is the solute?
a)
Water
b)
Hydrogen
c)
Sugar
d)
Carbon
52.

Water is...

a)

polar

b)

nonpolar

53.

Isotopes are atoms of the same elements with the same number of protons and a different number of

a)

electrons.

b)

ions.

c)

molecules.

d)

neutrons.

54.

What type of electron is available to form bonds?

a)

covalent

b)

ionic

c)

valence

d)

nucleus

55.

Both animal fats and plant oils are made up of glycerol and

a)

amino acids.

b)

fatty acids.

c)

polar molecules.

d)

saturated fats.

56.

The class of macromolecule that would most likely be involve in contracting muscles would be

a)

carbohydrates.

b)

enzymes.

c)

lipids.

d)

proteins.

57.

Which organic compounds would be the best to analyze in order to determine if two species are closely related?

a)

DNA

b)

fats

c)

starches

d)

sugars

58.

The property of water that describes the characteristic of "two of the same substance sticking to itself" would be

a)

adhesion.

b)

cohesion.

c)

high specific heat.

d)

water as a universal solvent.

59.

Contain C, H, O; used for energy and some plant structures; starch, sugar, cellulose, glycogen.

a)

Lipids

b)

Nucleic acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrates

60.

Contain C, H, O, N; make up cell structures and control cell functions; enzymes, muscles, hair.

a)

proteins

b)

lipids

c)

nucleic acids

d)

carbohydrates

61.

Contain C, H, O, N, P; code for proteins; genetic code; DNA/RNA.

a)

carbohydrates

b)

proteins

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acid

62.

Contain C, H, O; long chains; hydrophobic; fats, oils, waxes

a)

carbohydrates

b)

nucleic acids

c)

lipids

d)

proteins

63.

The term ____ means "water-fearing", and these will not dissolve in water.

a)

hydrophilic

b)

hydrophobic

c)

soluble

d)

catalyst

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