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Anatomy - Chemical Basis of Life

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A water molecule is made up of

a)

two atoms of oxygen and one of hydrogen

b)

one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom

c)

one atom of chlorine and one atom of sodium

d)

one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms

2.

An ionic bond is formed as the result of

a)

sharing electrons

b)

sharing protons

c)

transferring protons

d)

transferring electrons

3.

An covalent bond is formed as the result of

a)

sharing electrons

b)

sharing protons

c)

transferring protons

d)

transferring electrons

4.

Characteristics of a polar water molecule include

a)

oxygen side is slightly positive, hydrogen side slightly negative

b)

oxygen and hydrogen sides partially positive

c)

oxygen and hydrogen sides partially negative

d)

oxygen side negative, hydrogen side slightly positive

5.

Which substance dissolves in water

a)

nonpolar solute

b)

solvent

c)

solution

d)

polar solute

6.

nucleotide is to nucleic acid as

a)

glucose is to starch

b)

amino acid is to protein

c)

glycerol and fatty acid is to lipid

d)

all of the above

7.

Classify which of the following is a polysaccharide

a)

glucose

b)

fructose

c)

glycogen

d)

glycerol

8.

Which organic compound is the main source of energy for living things?

a)

nucleic acids

b)

lipids

c)

carbohydrates

d)

proteins

9.

Which is not a function of proteins?

a)

speed up chemical reactions

b)

short-term energy source

c)

fight pathogens

d)

build tissues

10.

Which statement about enzymes is false

a)

they work best at specific temperatures and pH

b)

they are proteins

c)

they are catalysts

d)

they transmit genetic information

11.

Nitrogen is an important atom in which macromolecules?

a)

lipids and carbohydrates

b)

proteins and lipids

c)

nucleic acids and lipids

d)

nucleic acids and proteins

12.

The main functions of nucleic acids are to

a)

provide long-term energy storage

b)

provide genetic information

c)

provide catalytic activity

d)

provide short-term energy storage

13.

Functions of proteins are

a)

to store energy

b)

to store genetic information

c)

dependent on amino acid sequence

d)

to provide insulation and waterproofing

14.

Lipids are composed of which atoms?

a)

carbon hydrogen nitrogen

b)

carbon hydrogen sulfur

c)

carbon hydrogen oxygen sulfur

d)

carbon hydrogen oxygen

15.

A large carbohydrate is composed on monomers.  Which is an example of a carbohydrate?

a)

starch

b)

cellulose

c)

glycogen

d)

all of the above

16.

Which of the following is a nonpolar substance?

a)

water

b)

oil

c)

salt

d)

magnesium chloride

17.

Macromolecules are similar in the fact that they

a)

have the ability to function as enzymes

b)

contain ionic bonds

c)

contain subunits bonded together

d)

are base units used in the formation of plastics

18.

Lipids are organic molecules whose role is to

a)

metabolize sugar

b)

oxygenate blood

c)

store energy

d)

build muscles

19.

Which of the following are examples of proteins:

a)

DNA and RNA

b)

Saturated fats and unsaturated fats

c)

collagen and keratin

d)

glucose and starch

20.

Which is least likely to dissolve in water?

a)

carb

b)

lipid

c)

protein

d)

nucleic acid

21.

What is a compound?

a)

an atom with more electrons than protons

b)

a substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are combined together

c)

an atom with more neutrons than protons

d)

a substance in which the atoms of three or more elements are combined together

22.

Atoms combine to form _______. 

a)

electrons

b)

molecules

c)

nuclei

d)

neutrons

23.

What is the charge on a proton? 

a)

positive

b)

neutral

c)

negative

24.

What is the charge of an electron? 

a)

positive

b)

neutral

c)

negative

25.

What part of the atom is responsible for determining an atom's chemical properties? 

a)

all electrons

b)

protons

c)

neutrons

d)

valence electrons

26.

Glucose (C6H12O6) contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that are chemically bonded together.  What type of matter is glucose?

a)

Glucose is an element

b)

Glucose is a compound 

c)

Glucose is a mixture

d)

Glucose is a metal

27.

How many neutrons in C-14?

a)

6

b)

7

c)

14

d)

8

28.

Ionic bonds are between...

a)

nonmetals and nonmetals

b)

carbon and oxygen

c)

metals and nonmentals

d)

hydrogen and chlorine

29.

Covalent bonds are between...

a)

two or more nonmetals

b)

sodium and chlorine

c)

metals and metals

d)

metals and nonmetals

30.

What is the name for an ion with a positive charge?

a)

cation

b)

anion

c)

onion

d)

union

31.

What is the name for an ion with a negative charge?

a)

cation

b)

anion

c)

onion

d)

union

32.

What are valence electrons?

a)

sum of the protons and neutrons

b)

protons minus electrons

c)

electrons in the inner shells

d)

electrons in the outer shell

33.

If an atom loses two electrons what charge will it have?

a)

-2

b)

-1

c)

+1

d)

+2

34.

How many valence electrons does oxygen have?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

5

d)

6

35.

Question: Using the figure above, order these items in order of increasing acidity:Coffee, Seawater, Ammonia, Lemon Juice, Blood

a)

Lemon Juice, Seawater, Ammonia, Blood, Coffee

b)

Ammonia, Seawater, Blood, Coffee, Lemon Juice

c)

Blood, Coffee, Lemon Juice, Ammonia, Seawater

d)

Lemon Juice, Coffee, Blood, Seawater, Ammonia

36.

In the figure above, water is the ________________________ while Sodium Chloride (Table Salt) is the __________________________.

a)

solvent, solute

b)

solute, solvent  

c)

solute, solute  

d)

element, molecule  

37.

Question:  What does it mean when a molecule is said to be “polar”?

a)

The molecule has tendency to absorb a lot of heat, therefore it remains 'cold' easily

b)

The molecule has an even distribution of charges, all parts are positive

c)

The molecule has an even distribution of charges, all parts are negative

d)

The molecule has an uneven distribution of charges, some parts are positive while others are negative

38.

What atoms make up all carbohydrates?

a)

Carbon, Sulfur, Hydrogen

b)

Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus

c)

Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen

d)

Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen

39.

How many sugar units make up monosaccharides?

a)

one

b)

two

c)

three

d)

zero

40.

How many sugar units make up disaccharides?

a)

one

b)

two

c)

three

d)

zero

41.

How many sugar units make up polysaccharides?

a)

one

b)

two

c)

more than two

d)

zero

42.

What molecule is this

a)

sucrose

b)

protein

c)

glucose

d)

cellulose

43.

What type of carbohydrate is this?

a)

polysaccharide

b)

disaccharide

c)

monosaccharide

d)

it isn't a carbohydrate

44.

Which of these are examples of carbohydrates?

a)

DNA, RNA

b)

Fats, hormones

c)

amino acids

d)

starches, glucose, chitin

45.

Single bond between Carbon and Hydrogen chains.

Tends to be solid at room temperature like butter.

a)

Saturated Fats

b)

Unsaturated Fats

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Proteins

46.

Double bond between Carbon and Hydrogen chains.

Tends to be liquid at room temperature like oils.

a)

Polysaccharides

b)

Lipids

c)

Saturated Fats

d)

Unsaturated Fats

47.

A hydrocarbon chain that is sometimes considered to be a monomer of lipids.

a)

Fatty Acids

b)

Nucleic Acids

c)

Proteins

d)

Lipids

48.

The characteristic that all lipids have in common is----

a)

made of lots of double bonds

b)

acidic when mixed with water

c)

no high energy content

d)

do not dissolve in water

49.

The phospholipid bilayer comprises what part of the cell?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

cell membrane

c)

cytoskeleton

d)

nuclear membrane

50.

What is the result of bonding between three fatty acids and a glycerol?

a)

Palmitic Acid

b)

Trans Fats

c)

Triglyceride

d)

Water

51.

Fats are

a)

Non-polar

b)

Polar

c)

Hydrophilic

d)

Hydrophobic

52.

Which of the following bonds can NOT be found in saturated fats?

a)

C-C

b)

H-C

c)

C=C

d)

C-O

53.

Which of the following bonds can be found in unsaturated fats?

a)

N-O

b)

C=C

c)

H-H

d)

N-N

54.

Which diagram is a triglyceride?

a)
b)
c)
d)
55.

What kind of lipid makes up the major portion of the cell membrane?

a)

phosphlipids

b)

steriods

c)

waxes

d)

fats

56.

What part of a phospholipid repels water?

a)

fatty acid (hydrophobic)

b)

Phophate group (Hyrdophilic)

57.

What part of a phospholipid attracts water?

a)

Hydrophobic (fatty acid)

b)

Hydrophilic (phosphate group)

58.
a)

Saturated

b)

Unsaturated

59.
a)

saturated

b)

unsaturated

60.

What element is found in proteins that is not found in carbohydrates or lipids?

a)

N

b)

C

c)

P

d)

O

61.
How many different amino acids are there?
a)
15
b)
20
c)
25
d)
30
62.
What is a protein: 
a)
A polymer composed of many sugars.
b)
A polymer composed of many amino acids. 
c)
A polymer composed of fatty acids. 
d)
A polymer composed of nucleotides. 
63.
The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of this reaction?
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
Pepysis
d)
Oxidation
64.
Each amino acid is different from the other due to....
a)
The R group
b)
The amino group
c)
The carboxyl group
d)
The central carbon
65.
What elements make up amino acids?
a)
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only
b)
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen only
c)
Carbon, hydrogen and phosphorus only
d)
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen; and sometimes also sulfur
66.
The reaction used to digest and break the bond in red is:
a)
Hydrolysis
b)
Dehydration Synthesis
c)
Oxidation
d)
Single Displacement
67.
This is one job proteins do NOT have in the body
a)
storing genetic information
b)
structure
c)
speed up chemical reactions
d)
transport things through cell membrane
68.

What are the monomers that make up proteins?

a)

Monosaccharides

b)

Amino acids

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Fatty acids

69.

What is this monomer called?

a)

fatty acid

b)

amino acid

c)

monosaccharide

d)

protein

70.

What is the shape of a protein?

a)

chains

b)

folded chains

c)

rings

d)

honeycomb

71.

How many levels of folding exist in a protein structure?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

72.
DNA and RNA are examples of...
a)
proteins
b)
nucleic acids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
73.
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
a)
Glycerol
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Nucleotides
74.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
Stores energy
b)
Stores genetic information
c)
Movement
d)
Physical structure
75.
I am arranged as a double helix or "twisted ladder".
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
76.

In RNA, adenine bonds with __________.

a)

adnine

b)

cytosine

c)

thymine

d)

uracil

77.
The following picture must be
a)
DNA because it's double stranded
b)
RNA because it's single stranded
c)
DNA because it's single stranded
d)
RNA because it's double stranded
78.
DNA contains the bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine.  Which base is replaced in RNA by another base?
a)
Adenine is replaced by Uracil
b)
Thymine is replaced by Uracil
c)
Guanine is replaced by Uracil
d)
Cytosine is replaced  Uracil
79.
How are DNA and RNA similiar?
a)
They have nucleotides.
b)
They have the same sugar.
c)
They have the same bases.
d)
They are double strands.
80.

I am usually a single stranded molecule

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

81.

I am generally found both inside and outside of the nucleus.

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

82.

I contain the sugar deoxyribose.

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

83.

I contain the sugar ribose.

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

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