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WorksheetsCell Cycle and DNA Review
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 51mins
What is the correct order of the cell cycle phases?
G1, S, G2, M
G2, S, G1, M
M, G1, S, G2
S1, G1, G2, M
What is DNA's structure shape?
Single Helix
Double Helix
Triple Helix
Quadruple Helix
Which base pairs with Adenine (A) in DNA?
Guanine (G)
Cytosine (C)
Thymine (T)
Uracil (U)
What is the main function of DNA polymerase?
Unzipping the DNA
Joining Okazaki fragments
Adding nucleotides
Forming replication fork
What enzyme unzips DNA?
Helicase
DNA Ligase
Primase
DNA Polymerase
In which phase does DNA replication occur?
G1
Mitosis
S
G2
What is the purpose of checkpoints in the cell cycle?
To speed up cell division
To repair DNA damage
To synthesize proteins
To remove DNA errors
What is a mutation?
A new cell type
A mistake in DNA
An organelle
A phase of mitosis
What base does Cytosine (C) pair with in DNA?
Adenine (A)
Guanine (G)
Thymine (T)
Uracil (U)
What happens if the G1 checkpoint fails?
The cell will halt all activities
The cell might begin uncontrolled division
DNA replication will stop
The cell will not complete cytokinesis
What does semiconservative replication mean?
Each DNA copy is completely new
One old strand and one new strand in each copy
DNA is replicated in random order
Only the original DNA is kept
What happens if the mitotic spindle checkpoint fails?
Cell stops dividing
Uneven genetic material distribution
No DNA replication
Cells shrink
Why is the semiconservative model important for DNA replication?
It ensures DNA replication is error-free
It conserves energy by replicating only necessary parts
It maintains one original strand, reducing mutations in each new molecule
It accelerates replication speed for faster cell cycles
Which phase of mitosis involves chromosomes lining up along the metaphase plate?
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Telophase
Why do cells need cytokinesis after mitosis?
To duplicate chromosomes
To divide cytoplasm
To create proteins
To initiate DNA replication
What process describes the unwinding and unzipping of DNA?
Transcription
Translation
Replication
Mitosis
What are genes composed of?
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
What happens if the G2 checkpoint is bypassed?
Cells die
Damaged DNA may be passed to daughter cells
Replication stops
Chromosomes align incorrectly
How does DNA helicase contribute to replication?
Adds nucleotides
Forms a primer
Unwinds DNA strands
Seals fragments
What structure allows DNA to carry genetic information?
Double helix shape
Linear sequence of bases
Sugar-phosphate backbone
Histone proteins
Which phase in interphase involves DNA replication?
G1
S
G2
Mitosis
What does ligase do in DNA replication?
Unzips DNA
Joins Okazaki fragments
Adds nucleotides
Repairs base errors
How do cancer cells differ from normal cells?
They replicate without checkpoints
They only replicate in G1
They divide only in G2
They don’t perform cytokinesis
What are chromosomes made of?
Histones and DNA
Proteins and RNA
Lipids and Carbohydrates
Ribosomes and mRNA
How does a mutation in DNA affect an organism?
It stops cell division
It causes immediate cell death
It may alter protein function
It speeds up the cell cycle
What is an allele?
A specific form of a gene
A sequence of mRNA
A type of carbohydrate
A protein component
Why is complementary base pairing crucial in DNA replication?
Prevents mutations
Creates double helix
Ensures accurate copying
Increases replication speed
What does DNA ligase prevent?
Continuous DNA strand
Formation of replication fork
Primase function
Protein synthesis
What does S phase ensure?
Cell growth
DNA synthesis
Protein synthesis
Cell death
What is the role of spindle fibers in mitosis?
Duplicate organelles
Align chromosomes
Synthesize proteins
Create DNA copies
What determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
mRNA sequence
Sugar-phosphate backbone
Nucleotide sequence
Histone proteins
What happens in the G1 phase?
DNA synthesis
Cell growth
Protein synthesis
Cell division
How does meiosis differ from mitosis?
Produces identical cells
Involves two cell divisions
Occurs in all body cells
Does not use chromosomes
What happens if DNA polymerase proofreading fails?
Faster replication
More mutations
Increased cell growth
Fewer mutations
How does the Law of Independent Assortment impact genetics?
Genes assort randomly
Genes stay linked
Chromosomes are identical
Alleles are identical
Why does a cell spend most of its time in interphase?
The cell is growing and carrying out processes such as metabolism and DNA replication.
The cell is aging and processes are stopping as lysosomes clear dead cell matter away.
The cell needs time to synthesize spindle fibers to complete mitosis.
The cell needs time to complete cytokinesis.
During what phase does cell division occur?
Interphase
M phase
S phase
G2 phase
G1 is represented by which letter?
A
B
C
D
Time in Cell Cycle where the cell grows and duplicates chromosomes.
Mitosis
Interphase
Meiosis
Metaphase
Which of the following is a base pair?
Adenine - Cytosine
Cytosine - Thymine
Deoxyribose - Cytosine
Cytosine - Guanine
The weak bonds between base pairs are ___
Covalent Bond
Polar Bond
Non Polar Bond
Hydrogen
Which is a correct base pair?
Adenine - Cytosine
Cytosine - Thymine
Deoxyribose - Cytosine
Cytosine - Guanine
Which DNA sequence pairs with ATG TGA CAG?
TAC ACT GTC
CAT TCA CTG
GTA AGT GAC
ATG TGA CAG
The base "G" always pairs with _____.
T
C
G
A
Which DNA sequence pairs with ATG TGA CAG?
ATG TGA CAG
TAC ACT GTC
GTA AGT GAC
CAT TCA CTG
How do some chemicals increase cancer risk?
by causing cell mutations
by causing a deficiency of vitamin D
by causing an increase of toxins in the skin
by causing a decrease in the immune response
Where is DNA stored in a cell?
Lysosomes
Golgi Complex
Ribosomes
Nucleus
A disorder in which some cells lose the ability to control growth.
growth factor
human growth hormone
cancer
tumor
How many cell cycle checkpoints are there?
1
2
3
4
What is the purpose of the cell cycle?
Allows multicellular organisms to grow and divide.
Allows single-celled organisms to regenerate.
Prevents organisms from aging.
Allows multicellular organisms to attack invasive species.
