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Worksheets

Transcription, Translation, and Mutations

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

2.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

3.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
4.

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
rRNA
d)

DNA

5.
The information about an organism’s heredity is stored in its DNA. DNA is located in the cell’s _____________________. 
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
nucleus
6.
·  Copying and carrying the genetic code is the responsibility of which molecule?
a)
RNA
b)
Glucose
c)
Oxygen
7.
The base Uracil is only found in which molecule?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Carbohydrates
8.
DNA never leaves the nucleus
a)
True
b)
False
9.
Proteins are made of which molecule?
a)
Amino Acids
b)
Lipids
c)
Carbohydrates
10.
DNA is a double helix.
a)
True
b)
False
11.
RNA is a double helix
a)
True
b)
False
12.
What is the mRNA strand that would result from the DNA template strand CCTA?
a)
GGAT
b)
CCAT
c)
GGAU
d)
CCAU
13.
Which of these nitrogenous bases is NOT in RNA?
a)
Uracil
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Guanine
14.

Assembling proteins via instructions from DNA.

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Protein synthesis

d)

Homeostasis

15.

Messenger RNA travels out of the nucleus to ribosomes

and is used as a template to assemble a protein.

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Homeostasis

16.

A nucleotide base that takes the place of Thymine in RNA.

a)

Uracil

b)

Thymine

c)

Adenine

d)

uRNA

17.

What best explains the interaction between tRNA and mRNA during translation?

a)

anticodons on the mRNA line up with complementary codons on the tRNA

b)

anticodons on the tRNA line up with complementary codons on the mRNA

c)

tRNA attach amino acids to the complementary mRNA sequence

d)

mRNA attach amino acids to the complementary tRNA sequence

18.

What do amino acids come together to join?

a)

a growing polypeptide chain (protein)

b)

a growing lipid

c)

a growing carbohydrate

d)

a growing nucleic acid

19.

codons are located on __________

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

snRNA

20.

anti-codons are located on __________

a)

mRNA

b)

tRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

snRNA

21.

How many nucleotides make up a single codon?

a)

3

b)

5

c)

4

d)

1

22.

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?


AUU

a)

Methionine

b)

Isoleucine

c)

Histidine

d)

Arginine

23.

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?


CAU

a)

Methionine

b)

Isoleucine

c)

Histidine

d)

Arginine

24.

The following codon is translated into which amino acid?


UAA

a)

STOP

b)

Phenylalanine

c)

Valine

d)

Aspartic acid

25.
The process of making proteins on the ribosome based on instructions from messenger RNA is called
a)
transcription
b)
transformation
c)
translation
d)
molecular biology
26.
In messenger RNA, each codon specifies a particular
a)
nucleotide
b)
enzyme
c)
amino acid
d)
promoter
27.

Overall, protein synthesis consists of these steps

a)

DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis and transcription

b)

transcription and translation

c)

DNA synthesis, transcription and translation

28.
What is the monomer (building block) of proteins?
a)
Monosacchrides
b)
Polysaccharides
c)
amino acids
d)
Triglycerides
29.
Why is DNA important?
a)

it is very small and very complicated

b)

it isn't important

c)

it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things

d)

because we eat it every day for energy

30.
DNA holds the code for
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
protein
d)
sugar
31.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
32.

What is the location in the cell for translation?

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Nucleus

c)

Lysosome

d)

Golgi apparatus

33.
Where are codons located?
a)
tRNA
b)
DNA
c)
mRNA
34.

rRNA makes up what organelle of the cell?


a)

Nucleus

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Ribosome

d)

Mitochondria

35.

Which codon below is the code for Leucine?

a)

UUA

b)

UUC

c)

AUU

d)

CUA

36.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
37.
What type of RNA carries the DNA message out of the nucleus to the ribosomes?
a)
mRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
RNA
d)
DNA
38.
What process is occurring in this photo?
a)
Transcription
b)
DNA unwinding
c)
Translation
d)
Transfer RNA is creating bases
39.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA?
a)
 Met-Pro-Val-Stop
b)
Met-Pro-Arg-Stop
c)
 Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
40.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

41.

Why are frameshift mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

42.
Which RNA bases would pair with TACGAA in transcription
a)
AUGCUU
b)
ATGCTT
c)
GCATCC
d)
GCAUCC
43.

What type of mutation is characterized by a substitution of 1 base for another base? (ex: ACG is mutated to CCG)

a)

Frameshift

b)

Point

c)

Both

d)

Neither

44.
This type of substitution codes for a stop codon
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
45.
A type of substitution in which no  amino acids change is called 
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
46.

A point mutation in which the amino acid does not change.

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Deletion

d)

Silent mutation

47.
A mutation that does NOT show up through protein function is called
a)
deletion mutation
b)
inversion mutation
c)
silent mutation
d)
transverse mutation
48.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA 
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
49.

What kind of mutation is the result of an insertion or deletion of a base? (ex: ACG mutated into ACAG)

a)
Silent Mutation
b)
Missense mutation
c)
Nonsense mutation
d)
Frameshift mutation
50.

3 bases in a row on the mRNA strand, that call for a particular amino acid to be added to the polypeptide chain:

a)

chromosome

b)

gene

c)

codon

d)

anticodon

51.

Which mutation will cause translation to stop?

a)

Mutations 1 and 3 only

b)

Mutation 1 only

c)

Mutation 2 only

d)

Muations 1, 2, 3

52.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Frameshift

b)

Substitution

c)

Point

d)

All of the above

53.

Which statement best defines a mutation?

a)

a physical trait that negatively impacts the organism

b)

an adaptive trait that allows the individual to be better fit for survival

c)

a change in the order, number, or type of bases in the genetic code

d)

an identical copy of the original DNA strand

54.

Mutations that change a single base pair, usually involving a substitution of one base for another:

a)

chromosomal mutation

b)

polyploidy

c)

translocation

d)

point mutation

55.

If a point mutation does not change the order of the amino acid sequence, this is called a:

a)

nonsense mutation

b)

silent mutation

c)

missense mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

56.

Insertions and deletions are also known as:

a)

frameshift mutations

b)

chromosomal mutations

c)

silent mutations

d)

polyploidy

57.

If a mutation codes for "stop" in the amino acid chain, this is called a:

a)

nonsense mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

silent mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

58.

If UCU is changed to UCC, this is a _______________________________.

a)

silent mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

nonsense mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

59.

Which of the following mutations would be the most likely to affect the resulting protein?

a)

substitution

b)

silent mutation

c)

frameshift mutation

d)

all mutations affect the resulting protein

60.
What sugar is in DNA?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
c)
oxyribose
d)
deoxyose