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Biology Midterm Review 24-25

Total questions: 213

Worksheet time: 5hrs 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is a difference between a Prokaryote and a Eukaryote?

a)

Prokaryotes have a nucleus, Eukaryotes do not.

b)

Eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles, Prokaryotes do not.

c)

Prokaryotes are multicellular, Eukaryotes are unicellular.

d)

Eukaryotes have circular DNA, Prokaryotes have linear DNA.

2.

What do prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells have in common?

a)

Both have a nucleus.

b)

Both have a cell membrane.

c)

Both have mitochondria.

d)

Both have chloroplasts.

3.

I am a cell that is one of the most ancient cells on this planet, I have DNA and ribosomes, but no membrane bound organelles, what am I?

a)

Prokaryotic cell

b)

Eukaryotic cell

c)

Animal cell

d)

Plant cell

4.
What am I?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
5.
What am I?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Golgi Body
c)
Mitochondrion
d)
Plasma Membrane
6.
What am I?
a)
cell wall
b)
mitochondria
c)
cytoplasm
d)
chloroplast
7.
What am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
golgi apparatus
8.
What is the difference between rough and smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
a)
There is no difference.
b)
Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.
c)
What type of injuries the Doctors treat.
d)
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
9.

The control center of cell is

a)

the nucleus

b)

ribosomes

c)

chromatin

10.

Do all cells include the structure labeled as 1?

a)

Yes, chloroplasts are found in all cells

b)

No, This structure is found in all cells

c)

Yes, all cells contain a mitochondria

d)

No, Not all cells contain a Nucleus

11.
hold/store water, mainly found in plant cells
a)
nuclolus
b)
ribosomes
c)
golgi bodies
d)
vacuoles
12.
What organelle is called the "powerhouse" of a cell?

a)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Nucleolus
13.
break down (digest) worn out cell parts, mostly in animal cells
a)
cytoplasm
b)
lysosomes
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuoles
14.
packages proteins for delivery
a)
Endoplasmic reticulum
b)
ribosomes
c)
golgi apparatus
d)
lysosomes
15.
Contains digestive enzymes to break down worn out parts of the cell.
a)
vacuole
b)
lysosome
c)
ribosome
d)
nucleolus
16.
releases energy for cells to use, most common in animal cells
a)
mitochondria
b)
ribosomes
c)
lysosomes
d)
nucleolus
17.
stiff, protective outer layer of plant cells
a)
cell membrane
b)
nuclear membrane
c)
cell wall
d)
cytoplasm
18.
Only eukaryotic cells have....
a)
membrane-bound organelles 
b)
DNA
c)
ribosomes
d)
cell membranes 
19.
Transportation network for the cell, moves materials around in the cell
a)
Lysosome
b)
Nuclear Membrane
c)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Centriole
20.

Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplast

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

21.

What structure is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?

a)

Cell wall

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Nucleus

d)

Ribosome

22.

Which part of the cell is responsible for protein synthesis?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

Lysosome

23.

the thin boundary which allows movement of material into and out of the cell

a)

cell wall

b)

plasma membrane

c)

nuclear envelope

d)

golgi apparatus

24.

system of interconnected channels and folded sacs responsible for lipid synthesis; #8 in diagram

a)

rough ER

b)

smooth ER

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

nucleus

25.

system of folded sacs and interconnected channels responsible for making ribosomes; #5 in diagram

a)

rough ER

b)

smooth ER

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

nucleolus

26.

organelles made of microtubules that function during cell division in animal cells

a)

centrioles

b)

lysosomes

c)

ribosomes

d)

chloroplasts

27.

cellular energy generators which convert sugars into usable energy; # 9 in diagram

a)

chloroplasts

b)

lysosomes

c)

ribosomes

d)

mitochondria

28.

organelles which capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy; #13 in diagram

a)

mitochondria

b)

nucleolus

c)

chloroplasts

d)

ribosomes

29.

What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell?

a)

Energy production

b)

Protein synthesis

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

DNA replication

30.
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Lipid
d)
Nucleic Acid
31.
Which of the following correctly describes how enzymes work?  
a)
they lower the energy of the reactants to increase the rxn rate
b)
they supply energy to the reaction to increase the rxn rate
c)
they lower the energy of the products to increase the rxn rate
d)
they lower the activation energy of the reaction to increase the rxn rate
32.
Enzymes are made up of these repeating monomers.
a)
monosaccharides
b)
amino acids
c)
nucleotides
d)
phospholipids
33.
The part of the enzyme that the substrate bonds to is called the _____.
a)
active site
b)
activation energy
c)
bond site
d)
peptide bond
34.

This type of inhibition blocks the active site of an enzyme:

a)

competitive inhibition

b)

allosteric inhibition

c)

noncompetitive inhibition

35.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
36.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
37.

A --> B + C

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

38.

A + B --> C

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

39.

Net release of energy

a)

endergonic

b)

exergonic

40.

Net intake of energy

a)

endergonic

b)

exergonic

41.

A + B --> AB + Energy

This is what type of reaction?

a)

exergonic

b)

endergonic

42.
Which of the following is true for anabolic pathways?
a)
they do not depend on enzymes
b)
they are usually spontaneous chemical reactions
c)
they consume energy to build polymers from monomers
d)
They release energy as they degrade polymers to monomers
43.
Main cellular energy molecule
a)
ATP
b)
ADP
c)
cAMP
44.

Where is energy stored in ATP?

a)

in the bonds between phosphate

b)

in oxygen

c)

in sugar

d)

in nitrogenous base

45.
____________describes the general process of breaking down large molecules into samller ones.
a)
metabolism
b)
anabolsim
c)
catabolism
d)
dehydration
46.
 Metabolism is _______________
a)
a constant supply of energy from food
b)
an increase of entropy in an organism
c)
all the energy transformation reactions in an organism
d)
biochemical pathways involved in synthesis of macromolecules
47.
If the activation energy is lowered, the reaction will....
a)
Speed up
b)
Slow down
c)
Nothing will happen
d)
Both A and B
48.
An example of a reaction that releases energy is ____________. An example of a reaction that absorbs energy is ____________
a)
Cellular respiration; photosynthesis 
b)
Photosynthesis; cellular respiration 
49.
There are two kinds of chemical reactions; _________ and ___________
a)
Reactant; product
b)
Exothermic; endothermic
c)
activation energy; substrate 
d)
Molecular bonding; substrate
50.
The activation _________ is required for a chemical reaction to start. 
a)
Reactant 
b)
Energy 
c)
Product
d)
Bond
51.
In order for a reaction to occur, _________ form(s) or break(s). 
a)
Products 
b)
Energy 
c)
Bonds 
d)
Reactants 
52.
Chemical reactions change ________ and form __________
a)
reactants; products
b)
matter; gas
c)
matter; matter 
d)
enzymes; products
53.
The activation energy can be decreased if a _______ is involved
a)
Product 
b)
Substrate
c)
Reactant 
d)
Catalyst
54.
 Identify the reactants in this reaction: 
6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
a)
6CO2
b)
6O2
c)
6H2O + 6CO2
d)
 C6H12O6 + 6O2
55.
 Identify the products in this reaction:
6H2O + 6CO2 → C6H12O6 + 6O2
a)
C6H12O6 + 6O2
b)
6H2O + 6CO2
c)
6O2
d)
 6H2O
56.
What phrase best describes an exothermic reaction? 
a)
Absorbs more energy than is released. 
b)
Releases more energy than absorbed.
c)
Nothing changes
d)
State of equilibrium
57.
Which phase best describes an endothermic reaction? 
a)
Absorbs more energy than it releases. 
b)
Releases more energy than it absorbs. 
c)
Nothing changes
d)
In a state of equilibrium
58.
On the graph above, an increase in temperature results in....
a)
A decrease in the activation energy. 
b)
A decrease in the reaction rate. 
c)
An increase in activation energy. 
d)
An increase in the reaction rate. 
59.
If the activation energy is lowered, the reaction will take...
a)
More energy 
b)
Less energy
c)
The same amount of energy
d)
No energy
60.
What is another word for "substrate?" 
a)
Solvent 
b)
Product 
c)
Solute 
d)
Reactant 
61.
In the picture above, what is happening to the enzyme in the second step? 
a)
Chemical bonds are being broken in the substrate. 
b)
Product is being broken in two. 
c)
Substrate is beginning to bond to the enzyme. 
d)
None of the above. 
62.

Jackson, Rohan, and Aria are studying plant cells in their biology class. They are asked to identify a key feature that would best distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell. What would that be?

a)

cell membrane

b)

cell wall

c)

DNA

d)

cytoplasm

63.

Noah, Anika, and Ethan were studying for their biology test. They were discussing the differences between plant and animal cells. Anika asked, 'How are vacuoles in plant cells different than vacuoles in animal cells?'

a)

Ethan suggested, 'In animal cells, vacuoles are larger than in plant cells.'

b)

Noah thought, 'In plant cells, vacuoles are smaller than in animal cells.'

c)

Anika wondered, 'Vacuoles are the same size in both plant and animal cells.'

d)

But Noah corrected, 'In plant cells, vacuoles are larger than in animal cells.'

64.

Mason, David, and Aria are working on a school project about the differences between plant cells and animal cells. They are discussing the unique features of plant cells that are not found in animal cells. Which of the following do they mention as unique to plant cells?

a)

cytoplasm

b)

cell walls

c)

chloroplasts

d)

large central vacuole

e)

mitochondria

65.

Aiden, Elijah, and Jackson are looking at an image of cells under a microscope. What type of cells are they observing?

a)

plant cells

b)

animal cells

c)

prokaryotes

d)

protists

66.

Priya is looking at an image under a microscope. She wants to identify the type of cells in the image. What type of cells could they be?

a)

plant cells

b)

animal cells

c)

prokaryotes

d)

protists

67.

Avery and Benjamin are studying plant cells in their biology class. Anika asks them to identify an organelle that is found only in plant cells. Which organelle should they mention?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Mitochondrion

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Nucleus

68.

Abigail is studying the structure of an animal cell and she needs to identify the components that are not present in it. Which of the following is not a part of an animal cell?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Lysosome

c)

Cell Wall

d)

Endoplasmic reticulum

69.

Mia, Abigail, and Zoe are studying cells in their biology class. They come across a type of cell that has no nucleus, no organelles, and is smaller and less complex. What type of cell is this?

a)

Prokaryotes

b)

Eukaryotes

70.

Evelyn is studying cells under a microscope and comes across a cell with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Which term best describes this cell?

a)

Prokaryotes

b)

Eukaryotes

71.

Sophia is studying about different types of cells in her biology class. She comes across bacteria and wonders what type of cell it is. Can you help Sophia identify the type of cell bacteria is?

a)

Prokaryotic Cells

b)

Eukaryotic Cells

c)

Both Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells

72.

Emma, Avery, and Ava are studying for their biology exam. They come across a question about cell biology. They want to know which types of cells have ribosomes.

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

Both Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic

73.

Priya, Arjun, and Oliver are studying different types of cells for their biology project. They observe the characteristics of three different cells under a microscope. They find that Cell 1 matches the characteristics of a _____.

a)

prokaryote

b)

eukaryote

74.

Aria, Avery, and Daniel discover a fossilized cell during their field trip. They find evidence suggesting that the cell reproduced on its own and had DNA, but a membrane did not enclose its DNA. Which type of organism would this cell most likely belong to?

a)

prokaryote

b)

eukaryote

c)

plant cell

d)

animal cell

75.

Liam, William, and Elijah are observing pond water under a microscope and find a unicellular organism called Euglena. They notice that it moves around using a flagella and can perform photosynthesis when needed. It also contains many organelles. What type of cell is Euglena?

a)

Animal Cell

b)

Prokaryotic Cell

c)

Eukaryotic Cell

d)

Plant Cell

76.
What is the function of ATP in living things?
a)
provides energy for cells
b)
stores genetic information
c)
provides structure in the nucleus
77.
What does the "TP" in ATP stand for?
a)
2 phosphates
b)
tri (3) phosphates
c)
Two proteins
d)
tri (3) proteins
78.
Which bond of the ATP molecule is broken in order to release energy?
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

A, B and C

79.
Where is the energy stored in ATP molecules
a)

In the whole molecule

b)

In the Adenine group

c)

In the Phosphate bonds

d)

In the Bank

80.

What does ATP stand for?

a)

Adenosine diphosphate

b)

Adenosine triphosphate

81.

How is ADP converted back to ATP?

a)

Phosphate group is removed.

b)

Phosphate group is added.

82.
Which cellular organelle is responsible for manufacturing ATP?
a)
Ribosome
b)
Nucleus
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Chloroplast
83.

Which of these organisms produce ATP through cellular respiration?

a)

Plants

b)

Animals

c)

Both

d)

Neither

84.

What is used or released when ATP becomes ADP?

a)

phosphate released / energy used

b)

phosphate used / energy released

c)

phosphate released / energy released

d)

phosphate used / energy released

85.

What is used / released when ADP becomes ATP?

a)

phosphate released / energy used

b)

phosphate used / energy used

c)

phosphate released / energy released

d)

phosphate used / energy released

86.

What is ATP used for?

a)

It is recharged to be used later.

b)

As a backbone for DNA.

c)

Special cell actions that require large amounts of energy.

d)

Any cellular process requiring energy.

87.

What is the full name of the molecule ADP?

a)

Adenine Diphosphate

b)

Adenosine Diphosphate

c)

Adenine Triphosphate

d)

Adenosine Triphosphate

88.

What does ATP become whenever energy is released?

a)

The molecule is completely used up.

b)

An adenine and two phosphates attached together.

c)

Nothing changes and it remains Adenosine Triphosphate.

d)

ATP breaks into its two main parts.

89.

What is ADP used for?

a)

It is recharged with a phosphate and energy.

b)

As a backbone for DNA.

c)

Special cell actions that require large amounts of energy.

d)

Any cellular process requiring energy.

90.

What is the building block for carbohydrates?

a)

monosaccharide

b)

fatty acid

c)

amino acid

d)

nucleotide

91.

What is the building block for lipids?

a)

monosaccharide

b)

fatty acid

c)

amino acid

d)

nucleotide

92.

What is the building block for protein?

a)

monosaccharide

b)

fatty acid

c)

amino acid

d)

nucleotide

93.

What is the building block for nucleic acids?

a)

monosaccharide

b)

fatty acid

c)

amino acid

d)

nucleotide

94.

Which macromolecule is a source of quick energy?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

95.

Which macromolecule makes up cell membranes?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

96.

Which macromolecule includes genetic material, like DNA?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

97.

Which macromolecule builds tissues, like muscles?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

98.

Which macromolecule is a source of long term energy?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

99.

Which organic compound stores energy in plants?

a)

starch

b)

glycogen

c)

insulin

d)

hemoglobin

100.

Which organic compound stores energy in animals?

a)

starch

b)

glycogen

c)

insulin

d)

hemoglobin

101.

Which organic compound removes extra sugar from our blood after we eat?

a)

starch

b)

glycogen

c)

insulin

d)

hemoglobin

102.

Which organic compound carries oxygen on our red blood cells?

a)

starch

b)

glycogen

c)

insulin

d)

hemoglobin

103.

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

a)

DNA and RNA

b)

DNA and cellulose

c)

carbohydrates and lipids

d)

carbon and hydrogen

104.

Which macromolecule is a fatty acid?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

105.

Which macromolecule is a nucleotide?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

106.

Which macromolecule is an amino acid?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

107.

Which macromolecule is a monosaccharide?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

108.

Which of the following is an example of a lipid?

a)

meat and beans

b)

DNA and RNA

c)

pasta and bread

d)

oil and butter

109.

Which of the following is an example of a carbohydrate?

a)

meat and beans

b)

DNA and RNA

c)

pasta and bread

d)

oil and butter

110.

Which of the following is an example of a protein?

a)

meat and beans

b)

DNA and RNA

c)

pasta and bread

d)

oil and butter

111.

Which of the following is an example of a nucleic acid?

a)

meat and beans

b)

DNA and RNA

c)

pasta and bread

d)

oil and butter

112.

Ovalbumin is a protein found in eggs. Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of ovalbumin?

a)

a group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring

b)

a chain of amino acids folded and twisted into a molecule

c)

a set of three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol

d)

a sequence of nitrogenous bases attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone

113.

When lactose is digested by the human body, each lactose molecule is broken down into smaller molecules. To which of the following categories of molecules do these smaller molecules belong?

a)

Amnio Acids

b)

Monosaccharide

c)

Nucleic acids

d)

Polypeptide

114.

Some bacteria live in hot springs. Their cells contain enzymes that function best at temperatures of 70°C or higher. At a temperature of 50°C, how will the enzymes in these bacterial cells most likely be affected?

a)

The enzymes will be destroyed by lysosomes.

b)

The enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart

c)

The enzymes will require less energy to function than at 70°C.

d)

The enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as they would at 70°C

115.

The molecule ATP is composed of elements commonly found in organic molecules. Which of the following is one of these elements?

a)

Aluminum

b)

Tin

c)

Phosphorus

d)

Mercury

116.

The diagram above represents a fat molecule.

A fat molecule belongs to which category of organic molecules?

a)

Protein

b)

Nucleic acids

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Lipid

117.

Which of the following is a primary function of carbohydrates?

a)

storage of energy

b)

transmission of genetic material

c)

acceleration of chemical reactions

d)

transport of molecules across membranes

118.

If scientists search other planets for possible life, they are likely to focus on the presence of molecules containing which of the following elements?

a)

Lithium

b)

Calcium

c)

Carbon

d)

Potassium

119.

In red blood cells, the compound carbonic anhydrase increases the rate at which carbon dioxide is converted to bicarbonate ions for transport in the blood. In red blood cells, carbonic anhydrase acts as which of the following?

a)

Enzyme

b)

a Hormone

c)

Lipid

d)

a Sugar

120.

Many plants have waxy coatings on some surfaces. This coating reduces water loss because it is not water-permeable. This waxy coating is which of the following types of organic molecule?

a)

Protein

b)

Lipid

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Nucleic acid

121.

A typical egg contains about 2% dissolved solids. Douglas places de-shelled eggs in four unknown solutions provided by his biology teacher. Based on this fact, predict which solution contains 10% saltwater, from the observations of the egg. (size is referring to mass)

a)

Solution A

b)

Solution B

c)

Solution C

d)

Solution D

122.

Which of the following describes the liquid compared to the cell in the middle beaker?

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

d)

None of the above

123.

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from

a)

an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

b)

an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

c)

an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration.

d)

all of the above

124.

Homeostasis will be most affected by the removal of the

a)

vacuole

b)

cell wall

c)

chloroplast

d)

cell membrane

125.

A plant has been removed from its natural environment and placed into a body of water that contains a higher concentration of salt than the inside of each plant cell. The plant promptly wilts. This situation is most similar to which event?

a)

seaweed put into fresh water

b)

a land plant put into tap water

c)

a freshwater plant put into sea water

d)

a freshwater plant put into distilled water

126.

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called

a)

osmotic pressure.

b)

osmosis.

c)

facilitated diffusion.

d)

active transport.

127.

Jim is in a crowd of people at the mall looking for his girlfriend Tammy, who was supposed to meet him for dinner. Jim realizes Tammy is across the room as he catches a whiff of her overpowering perfume, 'Paris #6'.

Which process explains why Jim is able to smell the perfume?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Active Transport

d)

Facilitated diffusion

128.

The cell membrane forms a protective barrier between the external environment and internal environments. It is referred to as ___, because it allows some substances to cross more easily than others and blocks other substances from crossing into the cell.

a)

impermeable

b)

a fluid mosaic

c)

a plasma membrane

d)

selectively permeable

129.

Which two processes does this diagram most directly model?

a)

Energy conversion and synthesis of a new molecule

b)

Synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis

c)

Transport of molecules and energy sources

d)

Homeostasis and transport of molecules

130.

All cells contain cell membranes. Which of the following describes the composition of cell membranes?

a)

Cell membranes are composed of carbohydrate chains, which allow all materials to enter and leave the cell.

b)

Cell membranes are composed of cellulose, which provide rigidity for the cell

c)

Cell membranes are composed of cytoplasm, which allows proteins to be excreted by the cell.

d)

Cell membranes are composed of lipid molecules, which provide a flexible structure.

131.

The model shows a substance crossing a cell membrane.

a)

The model shows the process of active transport because the solute particles are moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

b)

The model shows the process of bulk transport because the solute particles are moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

c)

The model shows the process of diffusion because solute particles are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

d)

The model shows the process of osmosis because the solute particles are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

132.

The illustration shows a model of the transport of solute particles from outside the cell to inside the cell.

a)

The model illustrates active transport because energy is required for solute particles to cross the cell membrane.

b)

The model illustrates diffusion because solute particles are moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

c)

The model illustrates facilitated diffusion because protein channels allow solute particles to cross the cell membrane.

d)

The model illustrates osmosis because water molecules are moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

133.

Cell drinking; cell eating. Both are modeled here and are examples of

a)

Osmosis

b)

Diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

134.

Proteins built into the cell membrane which assist with the movement of materials are called

a)

receptor proteins

b)

transport proteins

c)

channel proteins

d)

marker proteins

135.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of active transport?

a)

It moves substances against a concentration gradient

b)

it requires energy from the cell

c)

it involves facilitated diffusion

d)

it may use carrier protenins that often function as the sodium potassium pump

136.

Molecules that are too large to be moved through the cell membrane can be transported INTO the cell by

a)

osmosis

b)

exocytosis

c)

endocytosis

d)

diffusion

137.

If the concentration of sugar in a solution is lower outside the cell than inside the cell, which of the following will happen by OSMOSIS?

a)

Water will move into the cell

b)

Sugar will move into the cell

c)

Water will move out of the cell

d)

Sugar will move out of the cell

138.

Active transport can be used to transport substances from _______ to ________ concentrations.

a)

High to Low

b)

Low to High

c)

Large to Small

d)

Equilibrium to Gradient

139.

Cell environments that are equal in the amount of solutes in relation to the inside of the cell are

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

d)

Eukaryotic

140.

A cell produced a large protein that needs to exit the cell. It will most likely be transported OUT of the cell via the process of

a)

Endocytosis

b)

Exocytosis

c)

Carrier Proteins

d)

Pumps

141.

Structures that carry the genetic information from generation to generation are called

a)

centrioles

b)

Chromosomes

c)

ribosomes

d)

spindle fibers

142.

uncontrolled division of cells that results in growth

a)

tissues

b)

mitosis

c)

anaphase

d)

cancer

143.

during what phase of the cell cycle do the chromosomes condense and thicken and are now separate distinct structures

a)

Prophase

b)

metaphase

c)

anaphase

d)

telophase

144.

When a cell divides, they make what type of cells

a)

mother

b)

father

c)

daughter

d)

son

145.

G1, S, G2 are known as

a)

mitosis

b)

cytokinesis

c)

interphase

146.

sister chromatids are attached to one another by

a)

spindle fibers

b)

centromere

c)

centriole

d)

cleavage furrow

147.

during which phase of the cell cycle does the nucleolus disappear

a)

anaphase

b)

cytokinesis

c)

prophase

d)

metaphase

148.

In which stage of the cell cycle does the nucleus and its contents divide

a)

mitosis

b)

G1

c)

G2

d)

S

149.

Name structure A

a)

chromosomes

b)

centrioles

c)

spindle fibers

d)

nucleolus

150.

Name structure B

a)

cell membrane

b)

nuclear membrane

c)

cytoplasm

d)

nucleolus

151.

Name structure D

a)

spindle fibers

b)

chromosomes

c)

nucleus

d)

centrioles

152.
a)

P

b)

M

c)

A

d)

T

153.
a)

prophase

b)

telophase

c)

Metaphase

d)

anaphase

154.
a)

P

b)

M

c)

A

d)

T

155.
a)

P

b)

M

c)

A

d)

T

156.

Which phase does the picture represent

a)

P

b)

M

c)

A

d)

T

157.

The cell spends the majority of its time in what stage?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Interphase

c)

Cytokinesis

d)

Prophase

158.

Spindle fibers are created (and attached to)

a)

sister chromatids

b)

centromeres

c)

centrioles

d)

chromosomes

159.

Structure that hold the chromosomes together

a)

centromere

b)

chromatid

c)

chromosome

d)

centrioles

160.

Pulls chromatids apart

a)

centrioles

b)

spindle fibers

c)

DNA

d)

centromere

161.

Chromatids are pulled to opposite sides during what stage

a)

P

b)

M

c)

A

d)

T

162.

This forms in an animal cell during telophase

a)

Cell Plate

b)

spindle fibers

c)

cleavage furrow

d)

DNA

163.

chromosomes line up at the middle

a)

P

b)

M

c)

A

d)

T

164.

During this phase the nucleolus disappears

a)

P

b)

M

c)

A

d)

T

165.

2 nuclei have been formed during this stage

a)

M

b)

A

c)

T

d)

cytokineses

166.

What helps regulate cell division

a)

chromosomes

b)

ribosomes

c)

chromatids

d)

proteins

167.

Mitosis is the division of the

a)

chromosomes

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

d)

DNA

168.

Cytokinesis is the division of

a)

Cytoplasm

b)

nucleus

c)

chromosomes

d)

spindle fibers

169.

liver cells divide frequently throughout our lives

a)

True

b)

False

170.

mitosis in animal cells aides in

a)

growth

b)

repair

c)

both

d)

neither

171.

mitosis in a unicellular animal results in

a)

growth and repair

b)

new organism

c)

both

d)

neither

172.

This Cell Theory states all the following EXCEPT

a)

The cell is the basic unit of life

b)

All cells reproduce sexually

c)

All cells come from existing cells

d)

All living organisms are made from cels

173.
I am the GEL-LIKE fluid that surrounds and protects the organelles
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Chlorophyll
174.

The ________ is made of phospholipids.

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Cell membrane

d)

Nucleus

175.

Which organelle contains all the genetic information and instruction for protein synthesis?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Nucleus

c)

Ribosomes

d)

ER

176.

Which organelle that controls materials entering and exiting the cell?

a)

Cell Wall

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Vacuole

177.

The __________ is located around the nucleus and is responsible for protein stynthesis and lipid production?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Nucleus 

178.
Ribosomes live in the _________
a)

Rough ER

b)

DNA

c)

Smooth ER

d)

Chloroplast

179.

Enzymes that break down and get rid of waste within the cell

a)

Protein

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Vacuoles

d)

Lysosomes

180.
The food-making process in plant cells is called - 
a)

Cell Respiration

b)

Cell Theory

c)

Photosynthesis 

d)

Protein Synthesis

181.

The ______ breaks down glucose to make energy in the form of ATP

through ____

a)

Chloroplast, Photosynthesis

b)

Mitochondria, cellular respiration

c)

Endoplasmic Reticulum, Photosynthesis

d)

Ribosomes, cellular respiration

182.
Protein builders of the cell
a)
ER
b)
Lysosomes
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Chloroplast
183.
The ____ gives the plant cell extra support and strength 
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Endoplasmic Reticulum 
184.
The food-making ORGANELLE in the plant responsible for photosynthesis 
a)

Cytoplasm

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

Chloroplast 

d)

Cell Wall

185.
Three structures found in the plant cell only
a)
Small vacuoles, chloroplast, cell membrane
b)
Large vacuole, Chloroplast, Cell Wall
c)
Large vacuole, cytoplasm, cell wall
d)
Chloroplast, nucleus, small vacuole
186.

Animal or Plant? Prokaryote or Eukaryote?

a)

Animal, Prokaryote

b)

Plant, Prokaryote

c)

Animal, Eukaryote

d)

Plant, Eukaryote

187.

The cell wall is made of -----

a)

Phospholipids

b)

Cellulose

c)

Protein

d)

Fatty Acids

188.

Animal or Plant? Prokaryote or Eukaryote?

a)

Animal, Prokaryote

b)

Plant, Eukaryote

c)

Plant, Prokaryote

d)

Animal, Eukaryote

189.
The process by which scientists systematically study the natural world is called
a)
the scientific method
b)
experimentation
c)
goofing off
d)
hypothesizing
190.
The scientific method begins with a (an)
a)
hypothesis
b)
expermient
c)
observation
d)
conclusion
191.
A researched and educated answer to a question put in the form of an if -then statement is a
a)
guess
b)
hypothesis
c)
clue
d)
conclusion
192.
The information in the form of numbers collected from an experiment is called
a)
numbers
b)
data
c)
information
d)
none of these
193.
The group in an experiment that does not change.  It is used to compare the experimental group to.
a)
experimental group
b)
control group
c)
variable group
d)
unvariable group
194.
A well tested explanation about an aspect of the natural world.
a)
Theory
b)
Law
c)
Science
d)
Pseudoscience
195.
A rule that explains scientific observations.
a)
Theory
b)
Law
c)
Science
d)
Pseudoscience
196.
What type of graph would be best to show the percentages of types of waste we throw away?
a)
Pie
b)
Line
c)
Bar
197.
What type of graph would be best to show the number of people who like apples, oranges, bananas or strawberries?
a)
Pie
b)
Line
c)
Bar
198.
Which type of graph is best used to show a change in a variable over time?
a)
Pie
b)
Bar 
c)
Line
199.
The efficiency of energy transfer from a lower trophic level to the next highest level is roughly
a)
1%
b)
10%
c)
100%
d)
1000%
200.
Trophic levels are represented by 
a)
squares
b)
circles
c)
pyramids
d)
lines
201.
Which animal is the apex predator?
a)
hawk
b)
lizard
c)
snake
d)
grass
202.
Which animal is not the apex predator but, a predator to a mouse?
a)
hawk
b)
rabbit
c)
snake
d)
grass
203.
Why is a shark a carnivore.
a)
because it eats seaweed
b)
because it eats dead animals
c)
because it eats sand 
d)
because it eats other animals
204.
In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in each level gets lost as heat or used by the organism for survival?
a)
80%
b)
90%
c)
10%
d)
20%
205.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
206.
Organisms that create their own energy from sunlight or chemicals
a)
Herbivore
b)
Omnivore
c)
Autotroph
d)
Heterotroph 
207.
Biomass refers to
a)
Chemical Energy
b)
Light Energy
c)
Rank in the feeding heirarchy
d)
Amount of living tissue in an ecosystem
208.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
209.
The image provided is an example of a(n):
a)
Producer
b)
Autotroph
c)
Consumer
d)
Insect
210.

Which of the following would be the definition of a scavenger/detritivore?

a)

Animals that eat insects.

b)

Organisms that feed on rocks, recycling the nutrients back into the ground.

c)

Organisms that eat only plants

d)

Things that feed on dead, rotting organisms (roadkill)

211.
Which of the following would provide the most energy in an ecosystem?
a)
Producers
b)
Herbivore
c)
Omnivore
d)
Carnivore
212.
A wolf eats a rabbit, that just ate some berries.  What would you call the rabbit?
a)
Producer
b)
Omnivore
c)
Primary Consumer
d)
2nd order Heterotrph
213.
An organism that obtains energy by eating other organisms.
a)
Consumer
b)
Producer
c)
Decomposer
d)
Detriov

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