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Biology Comprehensive Semester Exam

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 3605secs

Name
Class
Date
1.

At a doctor's appointment, a one month old baby weighs 8 lbs and is 18 inches long. That baby was 7 lbs and 17 inches long at birth. This is an example of ...

a)

all living things being made of cells.

b)

all living things maintaining homeostasis.

c)

all living things growing and developing.

d)

all living things responding to stimuli.

2.

An adult hydra is producing its offspring through budding. Which characteristic of life does this represent?

a)

All living things use energy

b)

All living things reproduce

c)

All living things contain cells

d)

All living things grow

3.

A camel has eyelashes that work to keep the dust and sand out of its eyes. Which characteristic of life does this represent?

a)

All living things adapt to their environment

b)

All living things grow

c)

All living things have cells

d)

All living things use energy

4.

Stimulus is

a)

organisms that are made up of more than one cell

b)

a membrane-covered structure that contains all of the materials necessary for life.

c)

a change that affects the activity of an organism.

d)

the maintenance of a stable internal environment.

5.
When you step out into the cold, your body shivers in order to keep its temperature at 98.6F.
a)
All living things use energy
b)
All living things contain cells
c)
All living things maintain homeostasis
d)
All living things grow
6.
Which choice shows the levels of organization in order from LARGEST to smallest.
a)
organism, organ system, organ, tissue, cell
b)
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
c)
organism, cell, organ system, tissue, organ
d)
cell, cell, cell, cell, cell
7.
A sea worm drops its tail and the tail becomes a new worm.
a)
All living things contain cells
b)
All living things grow
c)
All living things have different levels of organization
d)
All living things reproduce
8.

Raul observed a tiny organism under the microscope in his biology class. He learned that this organism is made of one cell. Such organisms are called

a)

unicellular

b)

multicellular

9.

The combination of chemical reactions through

which an organism builds up or breaks down

materials as it carries out its life processes is called ...

a)

absorption

b)

metabolism

c)

digestion

d)

consumption

10.

Which of the following is an example of homeostasis?

a)

adapting to your environment

b)

maintaining an appropriate respiration rate

c)

the sum of all of your chemical reactions

d)

being composed of more than one cell

11.

Which of the following is a response?

a)

a flashlight shined into the eye

b)

a rubber band popping your hand

c)

your pupils constricting when exposed to bright light

d)

blood glucose levels drop significantly

12.

Which organelles are involved in storing and digesting food molecules within cells?

a)

Vacuoles & lysosomes

b)

Golgi bodies & flagella

c)

Centrioles & ribosomes

d)

Chloroplasts & cell walls

13.

Which of the following pairs of organelles show structures that work together during protein synthesis within eukaryotic cells?

a)

Cilia & flagella

b)

Lysosomes & nucleolus

c)

Mitochondria & chloroplasts

d)

Ribosomes & endoplasmic reticulum

14.

Watermelon plants in the summer produce many sugars to store in the growing fruit. Which cell organelle would be very active during the summer, to produce enough sugars to fill the fruit's cells?

a)

Lysosomes

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Mitochondria

15.

Which cell structures work together to produce and export proteins out of the cell?

a)

Nucleus, nucleolus, lysosomes, and vacuoles

b)

Cilia, flagella, microtubules, and microfilaments

c)

Chloroplasts, mitochondria, centrioles, and cell wall

d)

Endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi, and membrane

16.

If a cell’s lysosomes become damaged, which of the following would ​MOST LIKELY occur?

a)

The cell would produce excessive proteins.

b)

The cell would be less able to break down molecules within the cell.

c)

The cell would slow down the process of photosynthesis.

d)

The cell would be less able to regulate the amount of fluid in its cytoplasm.

17.
This organelle takes food and turns it into ENERGY for plant and animal cells.
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Lysosome
d)
Ribosome
18.
This sac with the cytoplasm stores water, food, waste, products and other materials.
a)
vacoule
b)
organelle
c)
cytoplasm
d)
cell membrane
19.

Which organelle is colored in this picture?

a)

Endoplasmic reticulum

b)

Gogli body

c)

Lysosomes

d)

Cell mebrane

20.
The smooth ER does which of the following
a)
DNA Replication
b)
Protein Synthesis
c)
Lipid Synthesis
d)
RNA Transcription
21.

Which of the following is not a monomer/polymer pairing?

a)

monosaccharide/polysaccharide

b)

amino acid/protein

c)

deoxyribonucleotide/DNA

d)

triglyceride/polysaccharide

22.

The element present in all organic molecules is

a)

Hydrogen

b)

Oxygen

c)

Carbon

d)

Nitrogen

23.

Select all of the following classes of biological molecules that consist of both small molecules and macromolecular polymers?

a)

lipids

b)

carbohydrates

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

24.

Which of the following is true regarding fatty acids?

a)

They are a monomer of carbohydrates.

b)

They are a monomer of lipids.

c)

They are a monomer of proteins.

d)

They are a monomer of nucleic acids.

25.

Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?

a)

They are monomers of carbohydrates.

b)

They are monomers of lipids.

c)

They are monomers of proteins.

d)

They are monomers of nucleic acids.

26.

Which element is found in proteins but not carbohydrates or lipids?

a)

C

b)

B

c)

N

d)

O

27.

A recipe says to mix 100 g of sugar, a pinch of salt, and 1 cup of water in 113 g of butter. Which ingredient is the solvent?

a)

sugar

b)

butter

c)

salt

d)

water

28.

The monomers of carbohydrates are called

a)

monosaccharides

b)

polysaccharides

c)

fatty acids

d)

amino acids

29.

Which macromolecule helps build cell membranes?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

30.

Enzymes help lower the energy needed for metabolic chemical reactions. Which macromolecule group is it a part of?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic acids

31.

Which macromolecules are built with C, H, O, N, and P?

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic acids

32.

The monomers that form proteins are called ___.

a)

monosaccarides

b)

nucleotides

c)

glycerol

d)

amino acids

33.

All of the following are main functions of proteins in the cell EXCEPT . . . .

a)

build muscle

b)

make enzymes

c)

storage of energy

d)

maintain the body

34.

Another name for proteins is . . . .

a)

fatty acids

b)

polypeptides

c)

nucleic acids

d)

carbohydrates

35.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
36.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
37.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
38.
After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?
a)
a substrate
b)
an enzyme
c)
a product
d)
an active site
39.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
40.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
41.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
42.
Letter C...
a)
active site
b)
enzymes
c)
substrate
d)
products
43.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
44.

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

a)

The enzymes die.

b)

The shapes of the enzyme are altered.

c)

The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.

d)

The enzymes remain the same

45.
Which enzyme is most efficient in a basic solution?
a)
A
b)
B
46.

What process is shown in the diagram below to move molecules across the membrane?

a)

Passive Transport

b)

Active Transport

c)

Diffusion

d)

Osmosis

47.

Which process is demonstrated in the diagram?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Active Trasnport

c)

Diffusion

d)

Phagocytosis

48.

The diagram shows that water molecules are moving into the cell to make it bigger. What process is being demonstrated here?

a)

Active transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Osmosis

d)

Phagocytosis

49.

Which row in the chart best describes the active transport of molecule X through a cell membrane?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

50.
What is the definition of  Selective Permeability?
a)
The movement of materials across the cell membrane that requires NO ENERGY from the cell.
b)
The movement of materials through (or across) the cell membrane
c)
The ability of the cell membrane to allow some things to pass through while preventing other things from passing through.
d)
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a area of low concentration 
51.

What will happen to the organism in this situation? Salty water is poured onto eggplant.

a)
Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will shrink.
b)
Water will move out of the eggplant cells and the cells will swell.
c)
Water will move into the eggplant cells and the cells will swell.
52.

In the given scenario what will happen?  An egg is placed in distilled water (no solutes) for 48 hours.

a)
The egg will gain water and swell.
b)
Water will move in and out of the cell equally, and the cell with neither shrink nor swell.
c)
The egg will lose water and shrink.
53.

Water will move INTO a cell in a(n) ___ solution

a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
54.
What information could be added to make this diagram a more complete model of osmosis in red blood cells?
a)
Information about the temperatures of the cell and of the solution.
b)
The relative concentrations of solute inside and outside the cell.
c)
Show that energy is required for the osmosis to occur.
d)
Show the cell holding its shape as osmosis occurs.
55.

The structure labeled c is a ______________ and the structure labeled d is the _______________.

a)

granum, thylakoid

b)

thylakoid, granum

c)

stroma, thylakoid

d)

thylakoid, stroma

56.

The first step of photosynthesis is called the ________________ the second step is called the ________________________.

a)

light dependent reaction, Calvin Cycle

b)

Calvin Cycle, light dependent reaction

c)

light independent reaction, Calvin Cycle

d)

Krebs cycle, Calvin Cycle

57.

The answers for a, b, and d are

a)

a. glucose b. water d. light

b)

a. ATP b. light d. oxygen

c)

a. light b. water d. oxygen

d)

a. light b. carbon dioxide d. oxygen

58.

e and f are

a)

e. ADP f. ATP

b)

e. ATP f. NADPH

c)

e. NADP+ f. NADPH

d)

e. light b. chlorophyll

59.

g and i are

a)

g. water i. glucose

b)

g. carbon dioxide i. oxygen

c)

g. ATP i. NADPH

d)

g. carbon dioxide i. glucose

60.

Which energy molecule is diagrammed here?

a)

ATP

b)

ADP

61.

Which energy molecule is diagrammed here?

a)

ATP

b)

ADP

62.
Which of the following can be compared to a battery in need of recharging?  (empty wallet)
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
Ribose
d)
Adenosine
63.

What are the products of cellular respiration? Check all that apply:

a)

ATP

b)

O2

c)

H2O

d)

Glucose

e)

CO2

64.

What are the reactants of cellular respiration? Check all that apply:

a)

H2O

b)

O2

c)

Glucose

d)

CO2

e)

ATP

65.

What types of cells perform cellular respiration? Check all that apply:

a)

All Eukaryotes

b)

Plant Cells

c)

Animal Cells

d)

Prokaryotes

e)

Bacteria

66.

Where does anaerobic respiration occur in the cell?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Chloroplasts

d)

Ribosomes

67.

Where does aerobic respiration occur in the cell?

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chloroplasts

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Vacuoles

68.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

a)

Aerobic respiration does not require oxygen, anerobic does

b)

Aerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm, anaerobic occurs in the mitochondria

c)

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, anaerobic does not

d)

Aerobic respiration only occurs during exercise, anerobic occurs during marathons

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