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Environmental Science 1st Semester Final

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 16hrs 15mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

a)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

2.

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

a)

along the edges of all the continents.

b)

along mid-ocean ridges.

c)

in deep-ocean trenches.

d)

at the north and south poles.

3.

The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as _______

a)

convection.

b)

continental drift.

c)

subduction.

d)

conduction.

4.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______

a)

convection.

b)

continental drift.

c)

subduction.

d)

conduction.

5.

The geological theory of _______ states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion.

a)

subduction

b)

plate tectonics

c)

deep-ocean trenches

d)

sea-floor spreading

6.

A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

7.

Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth’s

a)

continents.

b)

mantle.

c)

lithosphere.

d)

inner core.

8.

The place where two plates come together is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary.

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

9.

Below is a picture of sea-floor spreading. How are the ocean crusts moving?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Sliding

d)

No movement

10.
What are the two types of crust
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and upper
c)
lower and upper
d)
pizza and subway
11.
What is Pangaea?
a)
the name of a German scientist
b)
the name of the super-continent that existed millions of years ago
c)
another name for continental drift
d)
the name of an ancient fossil
12.

This "sphere" has Earth's water

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

13.

This "sphere" has Earth's rocks

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

14.

This "sphere" has Earth's living things

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

15.

This "sphere" has Earth's air

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Atmosphere

d)

Biosphere

16.
The layers of the atmosphere in order from bottom to top are
a)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
b)
troposphere, mesosphere, atmosphere, thermosphere
c)
mesosphere, thermosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, exosphere
d)
thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere, exosphere
17.
The layer of the atmosphere containing the ozone layer is
a)
troposphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
thermosphere
d)
mesosphere
18.
The layer of the atmosphere containing our weather is
a)
thermosphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
troposphere
d)
mesosphere
19.
The layer of the atmosphere containing the ionosphere and auroras is
a)
troposphere
b)
mesosphere
c)
stratosphere
d)
thermosphere
20.

What is climate?

a)

the condition of the atmosphere at any given time and place

b)

cloud cover and temperature

c)

precipitation and humidity at a given time and place

d)

weather conditions in an area over a long period of time

21.
Each school year for 30 years, the amount of rain that fell at a school was measured and recorded. Tracking rainfall over a long period provides the most information about which characteristic of an area?
a)
Climate
b)
Temperature of one day
c)
Weather
d)
Type of soil
22.
Meteorologists forecast this.
a)
Climate
b)
Weather
23.

The Earth's crust is broken into pieces called

a)

glass

b)

rocks

c)

plates

d)

lava

24.

Melted rock inside the Earth is called

a)

magma.

b)

water.

c)

fire.

d)

surface.

25.

When magma flows out of the volcano it is called

a)

air

b)

water

c)

egg shells

d)

lava

26.
What is the principal ingredient to all types of magma?
a)
Iron
b)
Magnesium
c)
Silica
d)
Water
27.
What is the term for a fluid's tendency to resist flow?
a)
Movement
b)
Silica
c)
Pressure
d)
Viscosity
28.
Where do volcanoes come from?
a)
Places where plates move apart
b)
Places where plates are moving together
c)
Hot Spots
d)
All of these options
29.
What is the longest day of the year?
a)
winter solstice
b)
summer solstice
c)
fall equinox
d)
spring equinox
30.
When is the winter solstice?
a)
December
b)
June
c)
March
d)
September
31.

Drag the labels to the correct the locations on the diagram.

a)

convergent boundary

b)

Mid-ocean Ridge

c)

slab pull

d)

trench

e)

divergent boundary

1
2
3
4
5
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
32.

Label each plate boundary.

a)Transform
b)Divergent
c)Convergent
1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
33.

Latitude lines measure

a)

distance north and south of the equator

b)

distance east and west of the equator

34.

Which feature of the grid system is identified on the map in RED?

a)

The equator

b)

The prime meridian

c)

The southern hemisphere

d)

The eastern hemisphere

35.

Which feature of the grid system is identified on the map in YELLOW?

a)

The equator

b)

The prime meridian

c)

The southern hemisphere

d)

The eastern hemisphere

36.
Which of the following letter is at approximately 60 degrees S, 40 degrees W? 
a)
A
b)
D
c)
E
d)
H
37.
What is the approximate location of G?
a)
100oW, 40oN
b)
40oN, 100oW
c)
40oS, 100oW
d)
40oN, 100oE
38.

The lines in this diagram are:

a)

Latitude Lines

b)

Longitude Lines

c)

Parallels

d)

Meridians

39.

What is the contour interval of this map?

a)

10

b)

20

c)

30

d)

40

40.

Match the topographic map to its profile.

a)
b)
c)
d)
41.
Which rock is made up from pieces of other rocks?
a)
Metamorphic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Igneous Rock
42.
Which type of igneous rock is formed below the Earth’s surface? Examples include granite and gabbro.
a)
Extrusive Rocks
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Intrusive Rock
43.
Which type of igneous rock is formed above the Earth’s surface?
a)
Extrusive Rocks
b)
Intrusive Rocks
c)
Sedimentary Rock
44.
The breaking down of rocks and minerals from wind, acid, salt, water, or temperatures describes which process of the rock cycle?
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Weathering
45.
The transplant of rock or minerals by water, ice, or wind is known as:
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Crystallizing
46.

Hotter, less dense magma near the core...

a)

rises.

b)

sinks.

47.

The plates of the crust move because...

a)

volcanoes erupt violently.

b)

of the weight of the oceans.

c)

of convection currents in the mantle.

d)

of the moon's gravity.

48.

Which layer of the Earth is the LEAST DENSE?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

49.

Alfred Wegener thought which 2 continents looked like puzzle pieces that could fit together?

a)

Antarctica and Asia

b)

South America and Africa

c)

South America and Australia

d)

Africa and Pangaea

50.

What is this a picture of?

a)

Eurasia

b)

Laurasia

c)

Pangaea

d)

Cornucopia

51.

Hotspot: Identify and correctly label the layers of the Earth by dragging and dropping the labels to the correct spot. Note: only 4 labels will be used.

a) Crust
b)Mantle
c)Outer Core
d)Inner Core
e)Middle Core
f)Oceanic Core
1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
52.

Reorder the layers of the Earth from least dense to most dense, from left to right.

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

1)
2)
3)
4)
53.

If an object has a mass of 20 grams and a volume of 5 mL, what is its density (g/mL)?

54.

If the mass of an object remains the same and the volume decreases, the density will ​ (a)   .

Choose from the below words
increase
decrease
remain the same
55.
What does the theory of continental drift state?
a)
The continents were once joined in a super-continent and have moved over time
b)
Continents are stationary and do not move
c)
The Earth is broken into lithospheric plates that move due to convection currents
d)
none of the above
56.

Who is the person credited with developing the theory of continental drift

a)

Harry Hess

b)

Alfred Wegener

c)

Galileo Galilei

d)

Isaac Newton

57.

According to the continental drift hypothesis, the presence of similar fossils in South America and Africa supports which scientific idea?

a)

Animals easily and frequently travel from Africa to South America.

b)

Species of animals probably traveled between continents on natural rafts (such as trees destroyed in tsunamis).

c)

Land bridges once existed that connected the continents.

d)

South America and Africa were once connected together.

58.

The two types of crust are the denser ​ (a)   crust and the least denser ​ (b)   crust.

Choose from the below words
oceanic
continental
pizza
mountainous
59.

What is the force that moves the continents?

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection

c)

Radiation

d)

Conveyor belts

60.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
61.

Match the plate boundary to its diagram.

a)
1.

Divergent

b)
2.

Convergent

c)
3.

Transform

62.

Imagine you're a scientist on a mission to Mars! 🚀 You've discovered a mysterious Martian rock. To impress your fellow astronauts, you decide to calculate its density. How would you do it?

a)

D = mVD\ =\ \frac{m}{V}

b)

D = m + VD\ =\ m\ +\ V

c)

D =VmD\ =\frac{V}{m}

d)

D = m−VD\ =\ m-V

63.

Which layer is the most dense layer of the earth?

a)

mantle

b)

crust

c)

inner core

d)

outer core

64.

Match the following topographic map with its description.

a)

1.

Steep south side

b)

2.

Two peaks, with east side higher

c)

3.

Gentle slope on all sides

d)

4.

Round hill with two peaks

65.

If 1° = 70 miles, how many miles north of the equator is 3°?

a)

140 miles North

b)

350 miles North

c)

210 miles North

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