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Environmental Chemistry Unit Review

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 1hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What two elements do all organic compounds have in common?

a)

Carbon and oxygen

b)

Carbon and hydrogen

c)

Carbon and nitrogen

d)

Carbon and sulphur

2.

Which of the following compounds is most likely to be part of living organisms?

a)

C6H12O6

b)

BF3

c)

MoCl2

d)

H2O

3.

Which of the following is an inorganic compound?

a)

coal

b)

water

c)

sugar

d)

oil

4.

Which organic compound is most involved in cell division?

a)

proteins

b)

carbohydrates

c)

nucleic acids

d)

lipds

5.

What concept in environmental chemistry is illustrated here?

a)

optimal amounts

b)

LD50

c)

micronutrients

d)

organic compounds

6.

A patient goes to the doctor complaining of frequent muscle twitches and occasional seizures. The doctor orders blood tests to investigate possible nutrient deficiencies. What chemicals should the doctor test for first?

a)

nitrogen and phosphorus

b)

potassium and calcium

c)

calcium and magnesium

d)

sulfur and nitrogen

7.

You want to choose a fertilizer for your grass. The fertilizer you choose should be high in ____ to promote _______.

a)

sulfur, flower growth

b)

nitrogen, leaf growth

c)

calcium, strong roots

d)

magnesium, disease resistance

8.

Compound Function: to provide energy, can be broken down into sugars

a)

Lipids

b)

Proteins

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Carbohydrates

9.
Compound Function: Build organelles, build body parts, and helps with body defense
a)
Proteins
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Lipids
10.
Is this an example of an organic or inorganic compound?
a)
Organic
b)
Inorganic
11.

Neutral solutions have a pH of:

a)

0

b)

1

c)

7

d)

14

12.

NaOH may be found in drain cleaners and as a component of soaps. Is NaOH an acid or a base?

a)

Acid

b)

Base

c)

Neither (Neutral)

13.
A substance that is a 10 on the pH scale would be a(n) ____.
a)
acid
b)
neutral
c)
base
d)
indicator
14.

According to the pH scale, which item is a stronger base than soap?

a)

baking soda

b)

ammonia solution

c)

tomato

d)

bleach

15.

Which is the correct set of acid properties?

a)

sour taste, corrosive, change litmus from red to blue

b)

sour taste, corrosive, change litmus from blue to red

c)

sweet taste, slippery, change litmus from blue to red

d)

sour taste, slippery, change litmus from blue to red

16.
Unsweetened chocolate has a very bitter taste. What does this taste indicate about some of the compounds in unsweetened chocolate? 
a)
They are acidic. 
b)
They are basic. 
c)
They are neutral. 
d)
They are salts. 
17.

According to the image, the substance tested is a...

a)

Acid

b)

Neutral

c)

Strong Acid

d)

Base

18.

The table shows the pH of several solutions. Which solution is the most acidic?

a)

vinegar

b)

milk

c)

water

d)

bleach

19.

Gatorade turns bromothymol blue a yellow color. Gatorade would be classified as

a)

acidic

b)

basic

c)

neutral

d)

organic

20.

A mystery substance turns phenolphthalein a bright pink color. Which substance below could it be?

a)

vinegar

b)

distilled water

c)

lemon juice

d)

drain cleaner

21.

Approximately how much NaOH was added to the solution to achieve a neutral pH?

a)

7

b)

13

c)

110 mL

d)

200 mL

22.
This image represents
a)
Neutralization reaction
b)
synthesis
c)
decompostion
d)
single displacement
23.

When you put an acidic solution into a basic solution...

a)

...it creates a stronger base.

b)

...they neutralize each other and the pH changes to closer to 7 (neutral).

c)

...it explodes.

d)

...it creates a stronger acid.

24.

When sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking soda) enters the stomach, it reacts with the hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach to produce table salt, water, and carbon dioxide. From this information, a conclusion that could be made is that baking soda is

a)

a salt

b)

a base

c)

an indicator

d)

an acid

25.

The reaction that occurred in this experiment is known as…

a)

corrosion

b)

cellular respiration

c)

neutralization

d)

combustion

26.

Water that soaks through the soil and carries dissolved substances into the soil is called…

a)

acid rain

b)

leachate

c)

contaminant

d)

filtrate

27.

Which of the following methods of chemical transport are occurring when a pear is eaten?

a)

absorption

b)

inhalation

c)

leaching

d)

ingestion

28.

The mode of toxic exposure shown here

a)

biomagnification

b)

leaching

c)

inhalation

d)

absorption

29.

Wearing gloves when handling mercury protects you from what mode of exposure?

a)

absorption

b)

inhalation

c)

ingestion

d)

leaching

30.

Modern sanitary landfills are lined with ______ to prevent ______.

a)

sand, leaching

b)

clay, leaching

c)

sand, run-off

d)

clay, run-off

31.

What is one way soil pollution gets into water?

a)

The pollution melts when sunlight hits it

b)

The pollution melts during a forest fire

c)

The pollution is washed from the soil into the water by rain

d)

The pollution is carried into the water by insects

32.

A fertilizer plant is located in an area where the weather is dominated by northeasterly winds (winds from the northeast). The fertilizer plant will most likely have the least environmental impact on a town if the plant were located

a)

west of the town

b)

east of the town

c)

northeast of the town

d)

southwest of the town

33.

Assuming that winds typically come from the Southwest, what site would have the highest pollution?

a)

Site A

b)

Site B

c)

Site C

d)

Site D

34.

Assuming that winds typically come from the Northwest, where would be the cleanest place to build a home?

a)

Site A

b)

Site B

c)

Site C

d)

Site D

35.

Which of the following most likely caused a change in the air quality in country X over five days?

a)

wind speed and direction

b)

wind direction and amount of carbon dioxide

c)

wind speed and temperature

d)

temperature and amount of carbon dioxide

36.

Scientific studies have shown that the mercury content in the northern pike (a fish) is extremely high in some Alberta lakes. The pike is the last link in a food chain. Based on the information given, the scientific study most likely had to do with…

a)

Biomagnification

b)

Phytoremediation

c)

Biodegradation

d)

Dispersion

37.

Which graph best represents the porosity of these soils?

a)
b)
c)
d)
38.

Which material would be best at preventing leaching near a gas station?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

39.

Which organism shown in the food chain above would contain the greatest concentration of chemical pollutants?

a)

phytoplankton

b)

krill

c)

tuna

d)

shark

40.

Fertilizer from agricultural run-off can enter nearby streams and lakes. One effect that this has on the water environment is that…

a)

the water is poisoned

b)

the oxygen content of the water drops

c)

aquatic plant growth decreases

d)

fish and other large animals increase in population

41.

An abundance of which of the following would indicate that water is polluted?

a)

trout and other game fish

b)

sludge worms and leeches

c)

salamanders and turtles

d)

variety of insect larvae

42.

Given this data, the scientist inferred that immediately downstream from the workers' housing complex, the treated wastewater…

a)

had no effect on the quality of the river water

b)

carried non-toxic chemicals into the river water

c)

improved the abiotic conditions of the river water

d)

would have an effect on the diversity of living organisms

43.

At which of the four locations would you most likely see evidence of an algae bloom?

a)

Location 1

b)

Location 2

c)

Location 3

d)

Location 4

44.

Which human activities are the main causes of acid rain?

a)

A and B only

b)

B and D only

c)

C and D only

d)

A and D only

45.

Samples of the water are collected from different parts of the river, P, Q, R and S. Which one of the following graphs correctly reflects the number of organisms found in each part of the river?

a)
b)
c)
d)
46.

Based on the graphs, which of the below are true

a)

The river became polluted only after 20km.

b)

Pollution caused the number of bacteria to increase, hence reducing the oxygen level in the river.

c)

The oxygen level in the river was returned to its original level at 50km AND Pollution caused the number of bacteria to increase, hence reducing the oxygen level in the river.

47.

Much of the power generated in Alberta comes from coal-fired plants. The burning of coal is the leading cause of…

a)

Carbon dioxide pollution

b)

Nitrogen dioxide pollution

c)

Sulphur dioxide pollution

d)

All of the above

48.

Scrubbers are devices installed in smokestacks to

a)

reduce the amount of materials such as SO2 in the smoke they discharge

b)

clean out the stack so smoke can move rapidly upwards

c)

reduce the amount of sulphur in coal before it is burned

d)

clean out the boilers for more efficient operation

49.

Climate change has become an environmental issue. Which of the following chemicals is one of the greatest contributors to climate change?

a)

DDT

b)

CO2

c)

CFC

d)

O2

50.
What causes acid rain?
a)
High concentrations of sulfuric or nitric acid from pollution
b)
Fertilizer use
c)
Pesticide use
d)
CFCs
51.
The ozone layer protects us from
a)
UV rays
b)
CFCs
c)
Increased atmospheric heat
d)
Decreased atmospheric heat
52.
What are the pollutants known to cause acid rain?
a)
nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide (sulfur compounds)
b)
Low pH and Acid
c)
Lemon Juice and Battery Acid
d)
Particulate Matter and Carbon Dioxide
53.
These are two ways people can reduce air pollution.
a)
Drive vehicles that get low gas mileage / Burn trash at home
b)
Burn less fossil fuels / walk and ride bikes
c)
Create major forest fires / Use CFC's
d)
Burn styrofoam at landfills / Use more chlorine
54.

In the graph, the concentration of CFCs is reported in :

a)

ppm (parts per million)

b)

ppb (parts per billion

c)

ppt (parts per trillion)

d)

Years

55.

Which year had the highest concentrations of CFCs in the atmosphere?

a)

1990

b)

1982

c)

1998

d)

1978

56.
By what amount did carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere increase between 1960 and 2000?
a)
40 -50 ppm
b)
60 -70 ppm
c)
110 -120 ppm
d)
360 -370 ppm
57.
The graph below shows CO2 emissions and temperatures from 1909 to 1949.  What conclusion is best supported by the graph?
a)
There is no relationship between carbon dioxide concentrations and temperatures
b)
As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures increase
c)
As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures decrease
d)
As carbon dioxide concentrations decrease, temperatures increase
58.

What is the concentration, in ppm, of lead in a 6 kg (6 000 000 mg) solution that contains 12 mg of lead?

a)

1.0 ppm

b)

2.0 ppm

c)

3.0 ppm

d)

4.0 ppm

59.

LD50 is the standard used to compare the toxicity of any substance. LD50 means that…

a)

50 animals would die if they consume a dose of the toxic substance

b)

50% of the animals would die if they consume a dose of the toxic substance

c)

50% of the test population of animals would die if they consume a specific dose of the toxic substance.

d)

50% of the test population of animals would die if they consume any amount of the toxic substance

60.

What is the concentration of a solution in parts per million if 0.02 grams of NaCl is dissolved in 1000 grams of water?

a)

2 ppm

b)

20 ppm

c)

200 pm

d)

0.2 ppm

61.
Which of the following statement about the LD50 is correct?
a)
The more toxic a substance is, the higer its LD50 would be
b)
LD50 is a measurement to COMPARE the toxicity with other substances
c)
LD50 stands for Lethal dose 50
d)
LD50 stands for Lethal dose 50 mg/L
62.

Which of the following concentrations is higher?

a)

0.2 ppm

b)

2.2 ppm

c)

20.2 ppm

d)

200 ppm

63.

What is more dangerous LD50 of?

a)

0.04 ppm

b)

1.29 ppm

c)

1.04 ppm

d)

0.40 ppm

64.

Caffine has an LD50 of 130ppm for mice. Which is the best reason that coffee and caffinated soft drinks are not considered dangerous?

a)

Caffine is only toxic to mice and not to humans

b)

You would have to drink an enormous amounts of caffinated drinks to consume a dose that would amount to that concentration

c)

LD50 is a rating only used for mice.

d)

Caffine is popular, so a high toxicity is acceptable.

65.

Arrange the following chemicals from most to least toxic: dioxin, nicotine, botulinum toxin A, dieldren.

a)

Dieldren, dioxin, nicotine, botulinum toxin A

b)

Dieldren, nicotine, dioxin, botulinum toxin A

c)

Botulinum toxin A, nicotine, dioxin, dieldren

d)

Botulinum toxin A, dioxin, nicotine, dieldren

66.

Which of the following concentrations is higher?

a)

2 ppm

b)

2 ppb

c)

2 ppt

67.

Which of the following statements describes one characteristic shared by biodegradable substances?

a)

they can be broken down by inorganic compounds

b)

they can be broken down by simple organisms

c)

they decompose faster at lower temperatures

d)

they decompose faster in dry conditions

68.

After completing the job of painting the neighbours’ house, you were asked to properly dispose of all the leftover paint products. The best way to dispose of the paint and paint thinner is to

a)

freeze it for use on another project

b)

take it to a hazardous waste collection site

c)

dilute it with lots of water and pour it down the drain

d)

put it into the solid waste garbage so it can be taken to a sanitary landfill site

69.

Which of the following strategies would have the most direct impact reducing air pollution?

a)

reusing waste materials

b)

recycling trash

c)

driving electric cars

d)

investing in fossil fuel burning technologies

70.

People can reduce waste by using products that are

a)

nonrenewable

b)

fossil fuels

c)

biodegradable

d)

invasive

71.

We can reduce our need for fossil fuels by developing

a)

alternative energy sources

b)

natural gas lines

c)

gasoline powered cars

d)

new oil sources

72.

Which item should you NOT put in your compost pile?

a)

food scraps

b)

autumn leaves

c)

wood chips

d)

plastic

73.

Which of the following would increase the rate of biodegradation?

a)

increased temperature and moisture

b)

clean the composter with bleach

c)

cooler, drier conditions

d)

line the composter with plastic or clay

74.

Which of the following technologies uses light to break down materials such as plastics?

a)

biodegradation

b)

phytoremediation

c)

biomagnification

d)

photolysis

75.
If a site had been polluted by industrial chemicals, and trees were planted to absorb the chemicals, the technique used is called
a)
genetic engineering
b)
biostimulation
c)
oleophilic
d)
phytoremediation
76.

Microorganisms broken down oil spilled when the Exxon Valdez ship crashed. This technique is known as _.

a)

Biodegradation

b)

Photolysis

c)

Phytoremediation

d)

dilution

77.

Which of the two set-ups shown above should he use to ensure a fair test?

a)

A and B

b)

A and D

c)

B and C

d)

C and D

78.

What is the responding variable in this experiment?

a)

height of the pit

b)

Amount of water poured into the pit

c)

Rate of water flowing from A to B

d)

location of the pit

79.

Which soil was most permeable to water?

a)

P

b)

Q

c)

R

d)

S

80.

According to the graph, the minimum level required by trout is found in water with a temperature of

a)

10°C

b)

12°C

c)

16°C

d)

20°C

81.

Based on the data above only, which of the statement(s) is/are correct?

a)

I only

b)

II only

c)

II and III only

d)

I, II and III

82.

The following question was posed to the residents of a small community: “Are you willing to have a 3% tax increase to pay for an upgrade to the water treatment facility?” This question reflects which viewpoint?

a)

Technological

b)

political

c)

Economic

d)

Scientific

83.

Which statement is expressing a scientific perspective?

a)

How expensive is it to clean up the chemical pollution?

b)

Which is more important, people's wants or wildlife's needs?

c)

Are laws and regulations in place that prevent dumping?

d)

What is causing this algae to form on the lake?

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