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Muscle Review

Total questions: 66

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Smooth muscle is found where?

a)

The intestines

b)

The heart

c)

Attached to the skeleton

2.

Cardiac muscle is voluntary or involuntary control?

a)

Voluntary

b)

Involuntary

3.

After strenuous exercise, a muscle cell would contain decreased amounts of ______ and increased amounts of ______ ____

a)

glucose; ATP

b)

ATP; glucose

c)

oxygen; lactic acid

d)

lactic acid; ATP

4.
A motor unit is made up of _______________.
a)
all the muscle fibers within a given muscle
b)
a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates
c)
all the neurons going into an individual section of the body
d)
a fascicle and a nerve
5.

Which of these occurs last during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

6.

What does "optimal length" mean when describing a muscle contraction?

a)

When the most binding sites are available to form the most crossbridges

b)

When the sarcomere is at its shortest length

c)

When the sarcomere is at its greatest length

d)

When the thin filaments overlap each other

7.

Which thin filament protein bind to Ca during muscle contraction?

a)

Actin

b)

Myosin

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

8.

Which muscle characteristic allows the muscle to return to resting length after contraction?

a)

Contractility

b)

Excitability

c)

Extensibility

d)

Elasticity

9.

What is the name of the plasma membrane surrounding each muscle fiber?

a)

T Tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Sarcoplasm

d)

Nucleus

10.

What is the contractile unit of the muscle?

a)

Z disk

b)

Sarcomere

c)

Muscle fiber

d)

Muscle cell

11.

What protein makes up the thick filaments?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Actin

12.

What part of the muscle fiber stores Ca ions and releases them when stimulated?

a)

T tubule

b)

Sarcolemma

c)

Nucleus

d)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

13.

What is the name of the location where the neuron and muscle fiber meet?

a)

Sarcoplasm

b)

Sacolemma

c)

Neuromuscular junction

d)

Axon terminal

14.

What is the name of the neurotransmitter that is released from the neuron to the sarcolemma?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Acetone

c)

ATP

d)

Calcium

15.

Which of these occurs first during a muscle contraction?

a)

The nerve signal reaches the neuromuscular junction

b)

Ach is released and opens Na ion channels

c)

The sarcomere shortens

d)

The myosin binds to the actin

16.

Myofibrils are composed primarily of

a)

actin and myosin

b)

ATP and ADP

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

17.

When a muscle undergoes atrophy in response to disuse,

a)

The number of mitochondria decrease

b)

There is reduction in capillary networks

c)

The size of actin and myosin fibers decrease

d)

All of the above

18.

The enzyme cholinesterase causes acetylcholine to

a)

be secreted from the motor end plate.

b)

form cross bridges.

c)

bind to actin.

d)

decompose.

19.

What chemical helps to regenerate ATP?

a)

acetylcholine

b)

cholinsterase

c)

creatine phosphate

d)

ADP

20.

A person who has a disease that inhibits the production of cholinesterase would have what kind of symptoms?

a)

prolonged muscle contraction

b)

flacid muscles

c)

inability to speak

d)

paralyzed

21.

During a muscle contraction, cross-bridges from between what two structures?

a)

Actin and myosin fibers

b)

neuron and muscle

c)

mitochondria and actin

22.

When recruitment occurs, the number of motor units being activated

a)

increases

b)

decreases

23.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?
a)
Formation of red blood cells
b)
Maintain posture
c)
Movement
d)
Digestion
24.
Which of the following is NOT striated?
a)
Smooth
b)
Cardiac
c)
Skeletal
d)
Zebra
25.
Which of the following is the most superficial?
a)
Epimysium
b)
Muscle
c)
Perimysium
d)
Fasicle
26.
Match the description: spreading of an electric impulse to the deepest myofibrils
a)
Sarcolemma
b)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
c)
T-Tubules
d)
Mitochondria
27.
What is a thick filament?
a)
Myosin
b)
Myosin and Tropomyosin
c)
Actin, tropomyosin, and troponin
d)
Actin and myosin
e)
s
28.
What is a thin filament?
a)
Actin and troponin
b)
Myosin and Tropomyosin
c)
Actin, tropomyosin, and troponin
d)
Actin and myosin
29.
Match the description: Covers active binding site
a)
Tropomyosin
b)
Troponin
c)
M line
d)
Z line
30.
Match the description: Calcium binds to it
a)
Tropomyosin
b)
Troponin
c)
M line
d)
Z line
31.
Match the description: Proteins that mark the middle of a sarcommere and connect myosin
a)
Tropomyosin
b)
Troponin
c)
M line
d)
Z line
32.
Match the description: Protein lines that mark the edges of sarcommeres, connect actin
a)
Tropomyosin
b)
Troponin
c)
M line
d)
Z line
33.
Match the description: Area exclusively containing myosin, no actin
a)
H-Zone
b)
I- band
c)
A- band
d)
O- band
34.
Match the description: Area exclusively containing actin, no myosin
a)
H-Zone
b)
I- band
c)
A- band
d)
O- band
35.
Match the description: Area defining the beginning and end of myosin
a)
H-Zone
b)
I- band
c)
A- band
d)
O- band
36.
When _________ binds to troponin, ___________ changes shape, exposing the acive sites of actin.
a)
Calcium; tropomyosin
b)
Acetylcholine; tropomyosin
c)
myosin; actin
d)
Calcium; actin
37.
What is a single "contraction" of a myosin head called?
a)
Power Stroke
b)
Power pull
c)
Myosation
d)
Power O
38.

The structure labeled "G" is the ....

a)

A band

b)

I band

c)

Myosin

d)

H zone

39.

The structure labeled "B" is covered in ....

a)

endomysium

b)

sarcolemma

c)

perimysium

d)

epimysium

40.

We can tell that these cells illustrate SKELETAL muscle because they ....

a)

are LONG, CYLINDRICAL and STRIATED

b)

have a NUCLEUS, are TOUCHING and require ENERGY

c)

contract in UNISON, have a CELL MEMBRANE and never DIVIDE

d)

are FLAT, STACKED and TIGHT

41.

Structure B is correctly identified as the ...

a)

A band

b)

I band

c)

actin protein

d)

myosin protein

42.

The structure labeled "F" is most likely ...

a)

The axon of a MOTOR neuron

b)

The axon of a SENSORY neuron

c)

The motor end plate

d)

The neuromuscular junction

43.

Receptor proteins that BIND with acetylcholine are most likely found on which structure?

a)

Structure A, Sarcolemma

b)

Structure F, Motor End Plate

c)

Structure D, Axon Terminal

d)

Structure G, T-tubule

44.

On the following image, where is the Sodium / Potassium pump MOST likely to be located?

a)

Inside structure A, the nucleus

b)

Inside structure B, the sarcolemma

c)

Inside structure C, the myofibril

d)

Inside structure D, the sarcoplasm

45.

Which event is occurring at point "3" on the graph?

a)

Rest

b)

Depolarization

c)

Repolarization

d)

Refractory Period

46.

What does myoglobin do?

a)

Stores oxygen in muscle cells

b)

Transports calcium ions

c)

Breaks down glucose

d)

Contracts the muscle

47.

Which type of muscle fiber has lots of myoglobin?

a)

Slow or Red Fibers

b)

Fast or White Fibers

c)

Twitchy fibers

d)

Tendons

48.

Which type of muscle fiber is called "white muscle fibers"?

a)
Slow-twitch muscle fibers
b)
Fast-twitch muscle fibers
c)
Smooth muscle fibers
d)
Cardiac muscle fibers
49.

What is hypertrophy?

a)

Decrease in muscle size

b)

Increase in muscle size

c)

Loss of muscle function

d)

Muscle fatigue

50.
What are the two ions transported across the membrane in an action potential?
a)
O2- and K+
b)
K+ and Na+
c)
Ca+2 and B+3
d)
Na+1 and Cl
51.
When is lactic acid formed?
a)
Aerobic respiration
b)
Anaerobic respiration
c)
Creatine phosphate
52.
Can muscle contractions occur without the prescence of oxygen?
a)
No
b)
Yes
53.
What is an isometric contraction? 
a)
When muscle shortens or lengthens
b)
When muscle stays the same size
54.
Which allows for endurance training or prolonged activity?
a)
Aerobic Respiration
b)
Anaerobic Glycolysis
c)
Creatine Phosphate
55.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of slow twitch muscle fibers? 
a)
They contain large amounts of Mitochondria
b)
They are fast to fatigue
c)
They are recruited last
d)
They contain low numbers of Mitochondria
56.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of Fast Twitch B muscle fibers? 
a)
They are Red in color, meaning they contain a lot of mitochondria
b)
They contract rapidly with great force but fatigue fast (as they use creatine phosphate pathway)
c)
They are recruited for long duration activities
d)
They contain high numbers of Mitochondria
57.
What type of muscle moves liquids and solids through passageways?
a)
Cardiac
b)
Smooth
c)
Skeletal
58.

This graph is an example of

a)

Fused Tetanus

b)

Unfused Tetanus

c)

Twitch

59.

Which is more resistant to fatigue?

a)

Type I

b)

Type IIx

60.

The condition in which a muscle remains contracted between stimuli without relaxing is called

a)

recruitment.

b)

tetanus.

c)

the all-or-none response.

d)

a motor unit.

e)

the lag phase.

61.

When you stop exercising, your muscles will

a)

Hypertrophy

b)

Subtrophy

c)

Peritrophy

d)

Atrophy

62.

What would be the correct order of the steps?


  1. Action potential travels down T-tubules.
  2. Nerve impulse reaches the muscle.
  3. Calcium binds to troponin.
  4. Tropomyosin moves.
a)

1, 2, 3, 4

b)

4, 3, 2, 1

c)

3, 4, 1, 2

d)

2, 1, 3, 4

63.
Inside a muscle cell that is at rest, the internal charge is _______.
a)
Negative
b)
Positive
c)
Neutral
64.
When Sodium ions fly into the muscle cell, it's said to be __________.
a)
Repolarizing
b)
Depolarizing
c)
Electrically neutral
d)
none of the above
65.
Identify one factor that can cause the first sodium channel to open in a muscle cell.  
a)
Calcium ions being released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
b)
Acetylcholine being released from the motor neuron
c)
Calcium ions binding to troponin
d)
ATP causing the myosin heads to pop up.  
66.
Creatine phosphate provides energy to muscle cells by
a)
becoming oxidized and losing phosphate to ATP to form ADP
b)
becoming oxidized and losing phosphate to ADP to form ATP
c)
providing ATP directly to muscle cells
d)
providing ADP directly to muscle cells

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