WorksheetsFinal Exam Review
Total questions: 96
Worksheet time: 48mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
2. Diagrams, tables, and graphs are used by scientists mainly to
a)
design a procedure
b)
test a hypothesis
c)
organize data
d)
predict the independent variable
2.
3. Which of the following connect points of equal elevation on a topographic map?
a)
lines of latitude
b)
lines of longitude
c)
lines of altitude
d)
contour lines
3.
4. In which direction does Carlton Creek flow?
a)
NW
b)
NE
c)
SE
d)
SW
4.
5. What is the possible elevation of point C?
a)
50 ft
b)
85 ft
c)
65 ft
d)
40 ft
5.
6. How many degrees of latitude north or south can you travel?
a)
0◦
b)
90◦
c)
180◦
d)
45◦
6.
7. What is the approximate latitude and longitude of location X?
a)
42.5°N, 77.5° E
b)
42.5°S, 77.5° E
c)
42.5°N, 77.5° W
d)
42.5°S, 77.5° W
7.
8. What causes certain minerals to scratch glass, while others do not?
a)
Density
b)
Volume
c)
Size
d)
Hardness
8.
9. The complete disappearance of a species is known as:
a)
isolation
b)
speciation
c)
extinction
d)
classification
9.
10. Geologists have divided geologic time into periods based on:
a)
the environment
b)
rock types
c)
fossil evidence
d)
extinction rates
10.
11. Many scientists believe that the cause of the mass extinction of dinosaurs that occurred approximately 65.5 million years ago was due to
a)
tectonic plate subduction of most of the continents
b)
an asteroid impact that resulted in climate change
c)
disease spreading among many groups of organisms
d)
severe damage produced by worldwide earthquakes
11.
12. Fossils are most likely to be found in ________ rocks.
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Metamorphic
d)
Mineral
12.
13. Which two letters on the cross section shown represent bedrock of the same age?
a)
B and D
b)
D and H
c)
A and E
d)
F and G
13.
14. The timeline below represents time on Earth from the beginning of the Paleozoic Era (A) to the present (B). Which number position represents when humans first appeared in the fossil record?
a)
4
b)
3
c)
2
d)
1
14.
15. Earth's weather is primarily caused by the
a)
drifting of Earth's crustal plates
b)
gravitational attraction of the Moon
c)
uneven heating of the Earth's surface
d)
changing distance between Earth and the Sun
15.
16. The boundary formed between moving air masses is known as a:
a)
tornado
b)
hurricane
c)
front
d)
field post
16.
17. Which of the following descriptions best matches the conditions for a warm front?
a)
slowly advancing warm air along a gently sloped boundary
b)
rapidly advancing warm air from the northwest
c)
rapidly advancing warm air along a steeply sloped boundary
d)
slowly advancing warm air that produces thunderstorms
17.
18. The diagram shows an unconformity, or gap, in the rock record between two sedimentary layers. The unconformity is probably made by:
a)
the continuous deposition of gravel followed by the deposition of sand and silt
b)
continuous sedimentation in a deep basin over a long period of time
c)
uplift followed by a lot of erosion, submergence, and deposition
d)
underwater streams
18.
19. Clouds are formed by the process of
a)
evaporation
b)
sublimation
c)
transpiration
d)
condensation
19.
20. Which of the following statements best describes weather changes?
a)
Weather changes always occur suddenly
b)
Weather changes occur only in the morning
c)
Weather changes occur as new air masses move into a location
d)
Weather changes occur when the seasons change
20.
21. The average weather condition in an area over a long period of time is called
a)
humidity
b)
weather
c)
climate
d)
temperature
21.
22. Which weather event usually includes heavy precipitation, strong winds, and surface air temperatures below 0°C?
a)
blizzard
b)
hurricane
c)
thunderstorm
d)
tornado
22.
23. The surface of Earth is covered by a relatively thin layer of water called the
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
hydrosphere
d)
atmosphere
23.
24. Dust and ash entering the atmosphere as a result of volcanic eruptions can affect Earth's
a)
tidal activity
b)
orbital shape
c)
weather and climate
d)
rotation and revolution
24.
25. In addition to oxygen, which gases make up the largest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?
a)
hydrogen, helium, and water vapor
b)
hydrogen, methane, and ozone
c)
carbon dioxide, water vapor, and nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide, methane, and helium
25.
26. The source of energy that sets the Earth’s atmosphere in motion and causes weather is
a)
volcanism
b)
gravity
c)
the ocean
d)
the sun
26.
27. Which of the following gases is NOT a greenhouse gas?
a)
ozone
b)
methane
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
27.
28. The weather map below shows the locations of a warm and a cold front over part of North America. The numbered lines on the weather map connect locations with the same
a)
wind direction
b)
wind speed
c)
air temperature
d)
air pressure
28.
29. Which weather instrument is used to measure wind speed?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
29.
30. What human activity would help reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
a)
decrease the burning of fossil fuels
b)
decrease the number of recycling programs
c)
increase the human population
d)
increase the number of cars being driven
30.
31. The diagram represents a beaker of water being heated by a flame. The arrows represent heat transfer occurring in the beaker. Which process is represented by the arrows in the diagram?
a)
condensation
b)
conduction
c)
convection
d)
radiation
31.
32. Limestone is a sedimentary rock and marble is a metamorphic rock. Even though limestone and marble have the same chemical makeup, they are classified as different rocks because they
a)
were formed from different fossils
b)
took different amounts of time to form
c)
formed at different times
d)
formed by different methods
32.
33. The image below shows a natural process that weathers rock. Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
Frozen water acts as a solute
b)
Water expands when it freezes
c)
The mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
Frozen water dissolves most types of rock
33.
34. What is the temperature at the boundary between the troposphere and stratosphere?
a)
-90°
b)
0°
c)
-55°
d)
15°
34.
35. Which atmospheric layer is at an altitude of 100km above sea level?
a)
troposphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
thermosphere
35.
36. Which layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layers?
a)
troposphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
thermosphere
36.
37. Which atmospheric layer has temperatures that range between 0°C and -90°C?
a)
troposphere
b)
stratosphere
c)
mesosphere
d)
thermosphere
37.
38. What is the relationship between altitude and temperature in the mesosphere?
a)
temperature decreases
b)
temperature increases
c)
temperature remains the same
d)
temperature increases and then decreases
38.
39. How old is Earth?
a)
10 billion years
b)
4.6 billion years
c)
4000 years
d)
25 million years
39.
40. Which rock layer, in the diagram below, is the oldest?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
40.
41. Fossils are important because they:
a)
show where meteors have landed on earth
b)
provide information about organisms that lived long ago
c)
show the organs and muscles of ancient organisms
d)
were produced during a short period of time
41.
42. A vent or fissure in the Earth’s surface through which magma and gases are expelled is called a(n)
a)
earthquake
b)
Pangea
c)
magma chamber
d)
volcano
42.
43. The diagram below shows a cross section of rock layers in Earth’s crust. The forces shown in the diagram caused the rock layers to
a)
fault
b)
fold
c)
form
d)
expand
43.
44. The map below shows a partial storm track of a hurricane and the hurricane watch area where it is predicted to reach land. Numbers 1 through 4 show positions of the hurricane on four different days at 12 noon. Why was a hurricane watch posted for the coastal areas shown?
a)
to tell people where the hurricane started
b)
to encourage residents to travel to the watch area
c)
to warn people of life threatening conditions
d)
to alert residents of climate change
44.
45. In which compass direction did the hurricane travel from day 1 to 4?
a)
northwest
b)
northeast
c)
southwest
d)
southeast
45.
46. What is the approximate latitude of the hurricane on Day 4?
a)
70°W
b)
31°S
c)
31°N
d)
70°E
46.
47. In which of these diagrams are the layers of the Earth correctly labeled?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
47.
48. The diagram below shows two minerals with smooth surfaces, when broken. What physical property does this represent?
a)
streak
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
48.
49. Which property of the galena and calcite is indicated by the color of the powder left on the ceramic tile?
a)
streak
b)
hardness
c)
reaction to an acid
d)
reaction to a solvent
49.
50. A chemical property of a mineral is evident if the mineral
a)
breaks easily when struck with a hammer
b)
bubbles when acid is placed on it
c)
is easily scratched by a fingernail
d)
reflects light from its surface
50.
51. What type of rock forms when magma cools and solidifies?
a)
Igneous rock
b)
Metamorphic rock
c)
Sedimentary rock
d)
Foliated rock
51.
52. The map below shows the probable location of some of the continents at one time in the past. What feature of the continents best suggests that they were once joined?
a)
Some continents fit together like puzzle pieces
b)
Some continents are the same size
c)
All continents have mountain ranges
d)
All continents contain the same crustal composition
52.
53. The diagram below shows a penny scratching the surface of the mineral calcite. Which physical property of the calcite is being tested?
a)
streak
b)
hardness
c)
melting point
d)
reaction to acid
53.
54. Which of the following igneous rocks cooled most quickly?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
54.
55. Four identical sand castles are shown below. Which sand castle will most likely be eroded fastest?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
55.
56. The principle that states “in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the oldest layers will be below the youngest layers” is:
a)
Law of verticalization
b)
Law of conservation of matter
c)
Law of gravity
d)
Law of superposition
56.
57. What process is responsible for the displacement of the horizontal rock layers in this diagram?
a)
folding
b)
faulting
c)
tilting
d)
weathering
57.
58. The formation of rock fragments and soil is most likely the result of
a)
weathering
b)
gravity
c)
convection cells
d)
hazardous weather
58.
59. The inference that Earth's interior has an outer core and inner core is based on studies of
a)
earthquake wave data
b)
glacier core samples
c)
recent fossil discoveries
d)
celestial observations
59.
60. The diagram below represents the rock cycle. According to this diagram, metamorphic rock is formed by
a)
melting and solidfication
b)
burial and compaction
c)
weathering and erosion
d)
heat and/or pressure
60.
61. According to this diagram, what forms due to the melting of an igneous rock?
a)
sediments
b)
sedimentary rock
c)
magma
d)
metamorphic rock
61.
62. According to the diagram, which process creates sediments?
a)
weathering
b)
uplift
c)
erosion
d)
all of these
62.
63. What rock type is formed when sediment is deposited, compacted, and cemented?
a)
sedimentary
b)
metamorphic
c)
igneous
d)
all of these
63.
64. The Moon is visible to observers on Earth because of
a)
reflected sunlight
b)
absorbed light from Earth's atmosphere
c)
gases in the Moon's interior
d)
volcanic eruptions on the Moon's surface
64.
65. The Sun appears to move across the sky during the day. The best explanation for the apparent motion is the Earth is
a)
rotating on its axis
b)
revolving around the Sun
c)
much smaller than the Sun
d)
tilted on its axis
65.
66. The illustration below shows the Moon orbiting Earth and Earth orbiting the Sun. Which force is responsible for these orbiting motions?
a)
friction
b)
electricity
c)
magnetism
d)
gravity
66.
67. The diagram shows four Moon phases observed during July. On which date would the next New Moon occur?
a)
August 5
b)
August 10
c)
August 19
d)
August 29
67.
68. What is the name of the moon phase during which we see half of the moon lit up from Earth?
a)
waxing crescent
b)
1st quarter
c)
waxing gibbous
d)
waning gibbous
68.
69. Approximately how long does it take for the moon to go through 1 full cycle of moon phases (full moon back to full moon)?
a)
24 hours
b)
1 month
c)
365 days
d)
3 months
69.
70. The length of a year is equivalent to the time it takes for one
a)
rotation of Earth
b)
rotation of the Sun
c)
revolution of Earth around the Sun
d)
revolution of the Sun around the Earth
70.
71. On the spring equinox the sun rises directly
a)
north
b)
south
c)
east
d)
west
71.
72. How many hours are there between a high tide and the next low tide?
a)
6 hours
b)
3 hours
c)
12 hours
d)
24 hours
72.
73. The diagram shows Earth as viewed from space. Which season is occurring in the Northern Hemisphere?
a)
summer
b)
autumn
c)
winter
d)
spring
73.
74. Numbers 1 through 8 on the diagram represent positions of the moon in its orbit around the Earth. Which position of the moon in the diagram represents a full moon?
a)
1
b)
5
c)
3
d)
7
74.
75. In which position would an eclipse be possible?
a)
1
b)
4
c)
6
d)
8
75.
76. What causes moon phases?
a)
Earth revolving around the moon
b)
the moon revolving around Earth
c)
the moon revolving around the Sun
d)
the Sun revolving around the moon
76.
77. The motions of the comets and asteroids in our solar system are predictable because they are
a)
smaller than the planets
b)
nearly spherical in shape
c)
in orbit around the sun
d)
controlled by Earth's gravity
77.
78. Why does the sun generally appear to rise in the east, move across the sky, and set in the west each day?
a)
Earth rotates on its axis
b)
Earth revolves around the sun
c)
the sun rotates on its axis
d)
the sun revolves around the earth
78.
79. The graph shows tidal changes at an ocean beach over a 24-hour period. What is the approximate time interval between two high tides?
a)
6 hours
b)
9 hours
c)
12 hours
d)
24 hours
79.
80. At what time was the average water level approximately +4?
a)
8 am
b)
12 noon
c)
8 pm
d)
4 am
80.
81. What type of tectonic plate boundary is on the west coast of South America?
a)
convergent
b)
transform
c)
divergent
d)
complex or uncertain
81.
82. In which direction do tectonic plates move at a divergent boundary?
a)
away from one another
b)
they slide past one another in opposite directions
c)
towards one another
d)
up and down
82.
83. What causes the tectonic plates to move?
a)
waves
b)
animals
c)
convection currents
d)
weather
83.
84. Which hotspot is located on a divergent plate boundary?
a)
Tasman
b)
Hawaii
c)
Yellowstone
d)
Iceland Hotspot
84.
85. What plate motion is happening at the San Andreas fault?
a)
the plates are moving away from one another
b)
the plates are sliding past one another
c)
the plates are moving towards one another
d)
the plates are moving to the East, only
85.
86. What is the name of a sediment with a particle size of 10.0 cm?
a)
boulder
b)
cobble
c)
pebble
d)
sand
86.
87. What particle sizes can be carried by a stream flowing at 1 cm/sec?
a)
only clay
b)
cobbles and pebbles
c)
only boulders
d)
sand, silt, and clay
87.
88. Which list shows the correct order of particles (sediments) from largest to smallest in diameter?
a)
boulders, cobbles, pebbles
b)
sand, boulders, clay
c)
clay, silt, sand
d)
cobbles, clay, sand
88.
89. Which layer of Earth's interior is most dense?
a)
crust
b)
outer core
c)
mantle
d)
inner core
89.
90. What layer is the thickest?
a)
crust
b)
mantle
c)
outer core
d)
inner core
90.
91. Which era is the most recent?
a)
paleozoic
b)
cenozoic
c)
mesozoic
d)
none of these
91.
92. In which period did amphibians first appear?
a)
devonian
b)
jurassic
c)
ordovician
d)
neogene
92.
93. Which list shows the correct order of species living on Earth from oldest to newest?
a)
mammals, insects, birds
b)
dinosaurs, birds, fish
c)
humans, insects, fish
d)
insects, birds, humans
93.
94. What species of animal was most abundant during the mesozoic era?
a)
dinosaur
b)
humans
c)
fish
d)
mammals
94.
95. What event occurred at the end of both the paleozoic and mesozoic eras?
a)
dinosaurs evolved
b)
humans evolved
c)
mass extinctions
d)
birds evolved
95.
99. Read these sentences from the text. “States also prepare for emergencies. In Alaska, more than 40 volcanoes have erupted since the 1700s. So the state's Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management provides Alaskans with tips on dealing with volcanic ash.” What can you conclude about how states prepare for emergencies based on this evidence?
a)
States usually prepare for the disasters and emergency events that are most likely to affect them.
b)
All states are at a risk for a volcano erupting, so all states will provide tips for dealing with volcanic ash.
c)
The only disaster that Alaska is likely to face is a volcano erupting, so the state won’t prepare for anything else.
d)
The federal government will often notify states of the emergencies that they should be most prepared for.
96.
100. What type of natural disaster is most likely to affect us here in New York?
a)
earthquake
b)
tornado
c)
blizzard
d)
volcanic eruption
100 %
