Digestive system

Respiratory system

Circulatory system

Nervous system

Crust

Lithosphere

Asthenosphere

Inner core

$$H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow H_2O$$

$$2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O$$

$$H_2 + 2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O$$

$$2H_2 + 2O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O$$

Photosynthesis

Melting ice

Combustion of gasoline

Evaporation of water

It is the deflection of moving objects due to Earth's rotation, affecting wind direction.

It is the warming of Earth's surface, causing changes in precipitation.

It is the cooling of Earth's surface, leading to increased cloud formation.

It is the movement of ocean currents, impacting coastal climates.

Biomass

Hydroelectric power

Natural gas

Coal

5 N

10 N

15 N

0 N

Desert

Tundra

Temperate forest

Savanna

Circulatory system

Digestive system

Respiratory system

Excretory system

Crust

Mantle

Outer core

Inner core

Na

Mg

Al

K

Dissolving salt in water

Freezing water

Baking a cake

Cutting paper

$$\text{Density} = \frac{\text{Mass}}{\text{Volume}}$$

$$\text{Density} = \text{Mass} \times \text{Volume}$$

$$\text{Density} = \frac{\text{Volume}}{\text{Mass}}$$

$$\text{Density} = \text{Mass} + \text{Volume}$$

Producing red blood cells

Storing calcium

Generating heat

Filtering waste

21%

78%

1%

50%

Wind

Solar

Natural gas

Geothermal

Speed

Acceleration

Momentum

Force

Desert

Tundra

Tropical rainforest

Grassland

White blood cells

Platelets

Plasma

Red blood cells

Crust

Mantle

Outer core

Inner core

$$CH_4$$

$$C_2H_6$$

$$C_3H_8$$

$$C_4H_{10}$$

A car accelerating on a highway

A book resting on a table

A rocket launching into space

A ball rolling down a hill

Weather

Climate

Atmosphere

Temperature

By producing fruit and storing water.

By capturing sunlight and getting rid of waste materials.

By absorbing water and supporting the plants in loose, sandy soil.

By releasing nutrients into the sandy soil and taking in oxygen.

To have the plants survived from animals that might eat the plant.

To allow more water to be absorbed into the plant.

To absorb more sunlight into the plant.

To release more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere from the plant.

to protect the plant from sun damage

to take in as much light as possible

to spread seeds to new places

to reach water that is underground

Organ

Tissue

Organ System

Organism

W

X

Y

Z

Tissue

Organ System

Organism

Organ

Smooth muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Skeletal muscle tissue

Cardiac muscle tissue

Smooth muscle tissue

Skeletal muscle tissue

Cardiac muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

Mixers

Enders

Products

Reactants

3

5

1

7

CO2⁢ is made from the chemical reaction.

No new compounds are made from this reaction.

O2, oxygen gas, is needed to make the reaction start.

The atoms rearrange in the chemical reaction so that C6H12O6, glucose, is made.

True

False

Friction

Magnetic Force

Gravitational Force

Electrical Force

It increases its speed

It decreases its speed

It has no effect

It changes its direction

$$F = ma$$

$$F = mv$$

$$F = \frac{m}{a}$$

$$F = \frac{v}{m}$$

New Moon

Full Moon

New Moon

Full Moon

water freezes to form ice

sugar dissolves in water

gasoline burns in a car engine

a piece of metal expands when it is heated

dissolving

melting

formation of a gas

bending

color

atomic weight/mass

net charge

identity (name of element)

Badgers are top predators because they eat upland sandpipers and beetles.

A producer–consumer relationship exists between lupines and ants.

A predator–prey relationship exists between beetles and ground squirrels.

Upland sandpipers are primary and secondary consumers because they eat grasses and grasshoppers.

Star formation begins in a nebula.

White dwarfs become main-sequence stars when they gain mass.

Supergiants are stars that can absorb black holes.

Main-sequence stars are formed by comets.

No, because the metal strip was still visible

Yes, because a new material of a different color formed on part of the metal strip

No, because the solution stayed blue

Yes, because the volume of the blue solution stayed the same

Some of the chemical energy in the natural gas transforms into thermal energy, which heats the water. Then some of the thermal energy changes into sound energy when the water forms steam and the steam leaves the kettle.

Some of the thermal energy in the natural gas transforms into sound energy when the water becomes hot. Then some of the sound energy changes into light energy when the kettle becomes warm.

Some of the electrical energy in the natural gas transforms into thermal energy, which causes the water to form steam. Then some of the thermal energy changes into sound energy and light energy when the steam leaves the kettle.

Some of the light energy in the natural gas transforms into chemical energy in the water. Then some of the chemical energy changes into kinetic energy when steam leaves the kettle and into sound energy when the water boils.

A few bacteria survived the antibiotics and stopped reproducing.

The patient’s high fever inactivated the antibiotic, allowing the surviving bacteria to grow

rapidly.

The antibiotic slowed the life cycle of the bacteria.

Some of the bacteria were resistant to the antibiotic, and they reproduced.

-9,600 N

-1,300 N

-900 N

-94 N

Earth’s orbit around the sun is not a perfect circle.

North America has a larger landmass than South America.

The moon has a greater pull on South America than on North America.

Earth’s axis has a 23.5° tilt.

The protection of vital organs from injury

The chemical breakdown of food into smaller pieces

The transport of nutrients, water, and oxygen to body cells

The production of hormones that regulate growth and metabolism

a greater number of plant species means that there is less barren land

a greater variety of species present allows more organisms to adapt after changes occur

the transition area between two ecosystems is narrower

there are fewer species to be affected by environmental stresses

7

8

5

2

They are along a transform plate boundary that is no longer active, so erosion is creating deep valleys.

They are along a transform plate boundary in which plates are currently moving side by side, causing earthquakes and faults.

They are along a plate boundary in which plates are currently converging, causing uplift and steep slopes.

They are along a plate boundary in which plates diverged in the distant past, allowing new rock to build up.

Pine trees in a dense forest can grow taller than pine trees in an open meadow.

Pine trees in a dense forest compete for sunlight with the surrounding trees.

Pine trees in a dense forest are part of a less-complex food web than pine trees in an open meadow.

Pine trees in a dense forest have more living branches than pine trees in an open meadow.

the aerialist’s feet and the rope

the rope and the balancing bar

the two ends of the rope

the aerialist’s arms and legs

Neon, because it has two energy levels with eight electrons in the second level

Chlorine, because it has three energy levels with seven electrons in the third level

Gallium, because it has four energy levels with three electrons in the fourth level

Tin, because it has five energy levels with four electrons in the fifth level

All three populations would increase.

The wildebeest population would decrease, and the lion and cheetah populations would increase.

The wildebeest population would increase, and the lion and cheetah populations would decrease.

All three populations would decrease.

Full, waning gibbous, third quarter

Full, waning gibbous, first quarter, waning crescent

Full, new, waning gibbous

Full, waxing gibbous, new, waning crescent

Silicon is a better conductor of electricity than sulfur.

Silicon conducts electricity as well as copper does.

Silicon is a solid at room temperature, but argon is a gas.

Silicon is less malleable than silver.

Location W

Location X

Location Y

Location Z

2AgNO₃ + K₂SO₄ ----------> Ag₂SO₄ + 2KNO₃

4Fe + 6H₂O+3O₂ ------> 4Fe(OH)₃

6CO + 6H₂O ----------> C₆H₁₂O₆+6O₂ + 6O₂

C₂H₄+3O₂ ----------> 2CO₂ + 2H₂O

The warm air in Earth’s atmosphere and the warm water in Earth’s oceans sink instead of rise.

The heat source for Earth’s atmosphere and oceans is the sun, which heats from above instead of below.

Convection cells in Earth’s atmosphere and oceans flow in the same direction instead of opposite directions.

Cold air in Earth’s atmosphere and cold water in Earth’s oceans are less dense than warm air and warm water instead of being more dense.

The larvae are prey for the young birds.

The larvae are predators of the young birds.

The young birds are hosts for the larvae.

The young birds are consumers of the larvae.

SF₆ is a compound containing atoms of sulfur and fluorine.

SF₆ is a compound that contains seven identical atoms.

SF₆ is an element with sulfur in the atom’s nucleus and fluorine outside the nucleus.

SF₆ is an organic compound composed of long chains of sulfur atoms surrounded by fluorine atoms.

The box with a mass of 2 kg

The box with a mass of 4 kg

The box with a mass of 6 kg

The box with a mass of 8 kg

A

B

C

D

Cold temperatures in the North favored the survival of populations of larger sparrows over populations of smaller sparrows.

High elevations in the West provided a survival advantage for populations of larger sparrows over populations of smaller sparrows.

Warm temperatures in the South allowed populations of larger sparrows to survive over populations of smaller sparrows.

Coastal environments in the East tended to give a survival advantage to populations of larger sparrows over populations of smaller sparrows.

Waxing Gibbous

Waning Crescent

Waning Gibbous

Waxing Crescent

A

B

C

D

3.6

0.36

1.8

1.5

Offshore oil drilling, because water in dead zones is toxic

Commercial fishing, because fish cannot survive without oxygen

Commercial shipping, because dead zones change the course of ocean currents

Sand mining, because oxygen is not available to form the sands on ocean beaches

Area M

Area X

Area P

Area Z

The muscle contractions result in physical changes, while the action of the peptidase results in chemical changes.

The muscle contractions and the action of the peptidase both result only in physical changes.

The muscle contractions result in chemical changes, while the action of the peptidase results in physical changes.

The muscle contractions and the action of the peptidase both result only in chemical changes.

larger grains that could produce more food per plant

taller stems that could block sunlight from weeds growing at ground level

larger flowers that could be sold for additional income

thinner stems that could endure heavy winds

Energy is transferred down each level of the energy pyramid.

The energy lost at each level is consumed by organisms in the top level.

Energy is transferred from organisms in one level to those in the level above.

The organisms at the bottom level provide energy directly to organisms in all the other levels.

Light energy

Gravity

Inertia

Potential energy

cold

stationary

occluded

warm

cold

stationary

warm

occluded

Warm

Cold

Occluded

Stationary

The hawk gives energy to the snake. The snake gives energy to the mouse. The mouse gives energy to the grasshopper who gives energy to the grass.

The mouse gives energy to the hawk. The snake gives energy to the grasshopper. The grass gives energy to the snake.

The grass gives energy to the grasshopper. The grasshopper gives energy to the mouse. The mouse gives energy to the snake who gives energy to the hawk.

biotic

abiotc

habitat

producer

prey

predator

decomposer

producer

consumer