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C 8-9 Review ES

Total questions: 69

Worksheet time: 2hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Remains or impression of an organism preserved in petrified rock. 
a)
Fossil 
b)
Eon 
c)
Extinction 
d)
Period
2.

Igneous Rock:

a)

Rocks that form from the bonding of rock fragments such as sand, silt, or clay; from organic materials; and from chemicals dissolved in water.

b)

Rocks that form when other rocks are changed by heat and pressure.

c)

Rocks that form from cooling magma or lava

3.

Fossil

a)

A gap in the geologic record that shows where rock layers have been lost due to erosion.

b)

A record of the geologic events and the evolution of life forms as shown in the rock and fossil records.

c)

The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past.

d)

One of the units of geologic time into which geologists divide eras.

4.

the mixture of gases surrounding a planet

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

geosphere

d)

hydrosphere

5.

an event or series of events that causes changes in the geosphere, such as flowing water or flowing lava

a)

landform

b)

geological process

c)

channel

d)

rocky planet

6.

When many types of living things become extinct at the same time

a)

Relative Age

b)

Absolute Age

c)

Radioactive Dating

d)

Mass Extinction

7.

fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the rock layer in which it was found.

a)

Geologic Time Scale

b)

Eras

c)

Periods

d)

Index Fossil

8.

Eras are subdivided into units of geologic time called...

a)

Geologic Time Scale

b)

Eras

c)

Periods

d)

Index Fossil

9.

Geologists divide the time between the Precambrian and the present into 3 long units of time called..

a)

Geologic Time Scale

b)

Eras

c)

Period

d)

Index Fossil

10.

A record of the geologic events and the evolution of life forms as shown in the rock and fossil record.

a)

Geologic Time Scale

b)

Era

c)

Period

d)

Index Fossil

11.

In undisturbed horizontal sedimentary rock, the oldest is at the bottom and the newest the top.

a)

Unconformity

b)

The Law of Superposition

c)

Radioactive Dating

d)

Radioactive Decay

12.

The process of determining the age of an object using the half-life of one or more radioactive isotopes.

a)

Relative Age

b)

Absolute Age

c)

Radioactive Dating

d)

Radioactive Decay

13.

The atoms of one element break down to form atoms of another element.

a)

Relative Age

b)

Absolute Age

c)

Radioactive Dating

d)

Radioactive Decay

14.

The number of years that have passed since the rock formed.

a)

Relative Age

b)

Absolute Age

c)

Radioactive Dating

d)

Radioactive Decay

15.

Age of rock compared to ages of other rocks.

a)

Relative Age

b)

Absolute Age

c)

Radioactive Dating

d)

Radioactive Decay

16.

Match the image to how many half lives have passed if

Blue = Original substance, Red = New substance

a)

1.

0 half lives

b)

2.

1 half life

c)

3.

2 half lives

d)

4.

3 half lives

e)

5.

4 half lives

17.

The half life of any substance​ (a)   and the amount of the substance that changes is ​ (b)   .

Choose from the below words
remains constant over time
always 50%
increases over time
decreases over time
above or below 50%
18.

Which of these choices is the best definition of absolute dating?

a)

determining the age of a rock layer by studying the fossils present

b)

finding the age of an object compared to other objects

c)

measuring the age of an object in years using any method

d)

determining the amount of a radioactive isotope in an object

19.

According to this fossil record, scallops lived when in relation to dinosaurs?

a)

after

b)

before

c)

the same time

20.

Unless a series of sedimentary rock layers has been overturned, which layer is usually the oldest?

a)

the layer on the top

b)

the layer with the most minerals

c)

the layer with the most fossils

d)

the layer on the bottom

21.

Which description is most comparable to the convection currents that exist in Earth’s mantle?

a)

hot air rising and cold air sinking

b)

cold water rising and hot water sinking

c)

the Sun rising and then setting 14 hours later

d)

random distribution of temperatures

22.
Which rock layer most likely contains fossils of the most recently evolved organisms?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
23.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
24.

The biggest time period into which scientists have divide the time between the formation of the Earth and now is called:

a)

periods

b)

epochs

c)

eons

d)

eras

25.

Look at the diagram.

What are eons divided into?

a)

eras

b)

epochs

c)

periods

26.

Look at the diagram.

Which era do we live in?

a)

phanerozoic

b)

neogene

c)

cenozoic

27.

Dinosaurs lived in this era.

a)

Mesozoic

b)

Cenozoic

c)

Paleozoic

28.

What is the next smallest division of time after eras in the geological timescale?

a)

Eon

b)

Epoch

c)

Age

d)

Period

29.
What is the main purpose of the geologic time scale?
a)
To organize the major eras of Earth's history
b)
To compare very short and very long periods of time
c)
To compete with other, non-geologic time scales
d)
To help understand that the planet is really old
30.

Which is the oldest era?

a)

Precambrian

b)

Paleozoic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Cenozoic

31.
Letter "F" is a....
a)
inclusion
b)
intrusion
c)
fault
d)
unconformity 
32.
How does the law of crosscutting explain the age of a fault?
a)
The fault is younger than the rocks above it.
b)
The fault is younger than the rocks it cuts through.
c)
The fault is older than the rocks above it.
d)
The fault is older than the rocks it cuts through.
33.

Look at the reference image. Which combination accurately portrays the correct age order?

a)

B is higher so it is OLDER than D

b)

C is older than E, even though it is FOLDING upwards

c)

G is older than all the other layers

d)

A is higher, so is OLDEST layer

34.
Greenhouse gases, in moderate amounts, keep the Earth's temperature stable
a)
True
b)
False
35.
Heat from the sun travels to Earth by _____.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
insulation
d)
radiation
36.
What is an Ultraviolet radiation?
a)
Wavelengths that are longer than red light. 
b)
Energy from the sun travels to Earth across a full spectrum of wavelengths.
c)
It radiates most of the energy back into the atmosphere.
d)
An invisible form of energy with wavelengths that are shorter than violet light. 
37.
What is greenhouse effect?
a)
the process by which gasses hold heat in the air .
b)
water vapor and dioxide.
c)
particles in the atmosphere.
d)
heat
38.
The energy form the sun that reaches the Earth is absorbed by _________________________. 
a)
land and water
b)
underground water
c)
trees
d)
people
39.

The way the Earth's rotation causes winds to curve is called what?

a)

Convection Currents

b)

Unequal Heating

c)

Coriolis Effect

d)

Conduction

40.

What are the Doldrums?

a)

A Global Wind Belt

b)

Trade Wind

c)

Global Calm Area

d)

Jet Stream

41.

Overall, where are the high pressure areas on Earth?

a)

North Pole

b)

South Pole

c)

Equator

d)

Eastern Hemisphere

42.

What type of wind blows from a body of water towards the land during the day?

a)

Sea Breeze

b)

Land Breeze

c)

Trade Wind

d)

East Wind

43.

What instrument is used to measure wind speed?

a)

Wind Vane

b)

Wind Sock

c)

Wind Turbine

d)

Anemometer

44.

Why does warm air rise and cold air sink?

a)

Warm air weighs more than cold air.

b)

Cold air weighs more than cold air.

c)

Warm air is more dense than cold air.

d)

Cold air is more dense than warm air.

45.

Warm air rising and cold air sinking creates what?

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection Currents

c)

Coriolis Effect

d)

Radiation

46.

What is created when air moves from high to low pressure?

a)

Precipitation

b)

Clouds

c)

Gas

d)

Wind

47.

What type of heat transfer is given off by flames of a fire?

a)

Convection

b)

Conduction

c)

Radiation

48.

What types of heat transfer occurs between two substances that are in direct contact with each other?

a)

Convection

b)

Conduction

c)

Radiation

49.

What is thermal energy?

a)

The total amount of heat an object contains.

b)

How hot or cold an object is.

c)

The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.

d)

How much heat is transferred from one object to another.

50.

What is currently happening to the level of Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere due to human activity?

a)

Increasing

b)

Decreasing

c)

Staying the same

51.

What causes the motion of currents in the deep ocean?

a)

Tides

b)

Salinity

c)

Temperature and density differences

d)

Wind

52.

What is the Global Conveyor Belt?

a)

A type of ship

b)

A pattern of surface and deep-ocean currents

c)

A type of fishing net

d)

A type of ocean pollution

53.

What happens to the warm, salty water from the equator when it reaches the poles?

a)

It cools down and gets denser

b)

It becomes warmer

c)

It becomes less salty

d)

It evaporates

54.

What happens to the water that reaches the surface after its long trip around the world?

a)

It becomes warmer and rises to the surface

b)

It becomes denser and sinks

c)

It becomes less salty

d)

It evaporates

55.

What is the main factor that causes the water to sink to the bottom of the ocean in the North Atlantic?

a)

Temperature

b)

Tides

c)

Salinity

d)

Wind

56.

Warm water is __________ cold water.

a)

more dense than

b)

less dense than

c)

the same density as

57.

Salt water is ____________ fresh water.

a)

more dense than

b)

less dense than

c)

the same density as

58.

In both the Indian and Pacific Oceans, deep water begins to warm up and ______________, joining back in with the Gulf Stream.

a)

sinks

b)

rises

c)

freezes

d)

evaporates

59.

Where would I find the most dense ocean water?

a)

At the surface

b)

In the middle

c)

At the bottom

d)

Lake Michigan

60.

Deep Ocean currents caused by

a)

Global Wind Patterns

b)

Earth's Rotation

c)

Differences in density

d)

All of the above

61.

During a(n) ____ event, trade winds are much stronger than usual.

a)

El Nino

b)

La Nina

c)

Normal

d)

Partly sunny

62.

Normally, atmospheric upwelling and rain occurs in the:

a)

FAR Western Pacific

b)

Central Pacific

c)

Western Pacific

63.

During an El Nino, it rains

a)

in the central Pacific

b)

in the FAR eastern Pacific

c)

in the western Pacific

d)

In all of the Pacific

64.

Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common

a)

Influence birds that migrate over the ocean

b)

Influence rainy / dry weather world wide

c)

The weather at the polar regions

d)

The directions that ships travel in the oceans

65.

During an El Nino, trade winds are typically...

a)

about average

b)

stronger

c)

weaker

66.

The Gulf Stream begins near the equator.

a)

True

b)

False

67.
How does the Gulf Stream affect weather conditions along the eastern coast of the United States?
a)
The Gulf Stream causes temperatures to decrease.
b)
The Gulf Stream causes temperatures to increase.
c)
The Gulf Stream causes more overcast skies.
68.
Which is most likely an effect of the Gulf Stream?
a)
heavy rains in California
b)
severe drought in Australia
c)
milder winter temperatures in Florida
69.
Which best describes the Gulf Stream?
a)
an ocean current which originates in the Gulf of Mexico and causes warm water to travel up the east coast of the United States
b)
an ocean current which originates in the Gulf of Mexico and causes cool water to travel up the east coast of the United States
c)
an ocean current which originates in the Gulf of Mexico and causes warm water to travel down the east coast of Mexico
d)
an ocean current which originates in the Gulf of Mexico and causes cool water to travel down the east coast of Mexico

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