WorksheetsDC Bio Exam 5 Review (Ch. 19-20)
Total questions: 85
Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins
Density-independent factors that affect a population's growth by exerting effects unrelated to population density are:
Volcanoes
Floods
Earthquakes
Oil spills
All of these are correct
Conditions whose growth-limiting effects increase as a population grows are:
Are density-independent factors
Are density-dependent factors
Include competition for needed resources
Are density-dependent factors which includes competition for needed resources
Are density-independent factors which includes competition for needed resources
The population growth curve that depicts the leveling off of a population in response to environmental resistance is the (a) growth curve.
Match the following terms to their description.
The maximum number of individuals that a habitat can support indefinitely
Carrying Capacity
The physical location where an organism lives
Habitat
All of the organisms in a given location or area
Community
The study of the relationships among organisms and the environment
Ecology
The number of individuals of a species per unit area or volume of habita
Population Density
Match the following terms to their description.
In a population the difference between the birth rate and the death rate
Growth Rate
The movement of individuals into a population
Immigration
The movement of individuals out of a population
Emigration
The number of new individuals produced per unit time in a population
Birth Rate
The number of individuals that die in a population per unit time
Death Rate
The ways by which members are added to or removed from a population include:
Birth
Death
Emigration
Immigration
All of these are correct
Classify the following
All of the gray wolves found in Yellowstone Park
A report based on the interactions of wolves, moose, ticks, and trees on Isle Royale
all interacting species as well as their surrounding environm
Butterflies eat flower nectar and birds eat butterflies. The butterflies, flowers, and birds
All of the polar bears, seals, fish species, whales, seabirds and the Aleut people
Put the following in order from simplest (1) to most complex (4).
Individual
Population
Community
Ecosystem
In predator-prey relationships, scientists are interested in which level of organization?
Individual
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Removal of a predator from an ecosystem may do all of the following, EXCEPT:
allow prey populations to remain above carrying capacity.
affect prey populations.
affect the vegetation of an ecosystem.
have the ecosystem balance.
have unintended negative results.
Why do trees fluctuate with moose-wolf, predator-prey population cycles?
They are a predator food source.
They are a prey food source.
They are dependent on predators.
They grow best when the ends of branches are eaten.
They are eaten.
Which of the following most accurately describes the population cycles of moose and wolves on Isle Royale?
Moose and wolf populations stay at carrying capacity.
Moose populations stay at carrying capacity, while wolf populations rise and fall.
Moose populations rise and fall, while wolf populations stay at carrying capacity.
Moose and wolf populations rise and fall at the same time.
Moose and wolf populations rise and fall, but wolf populations peak a few years after the moose population peaks.
Which of the following BEST describes the growth curves of predator and prey?
The predator growth curve is always above the prey growth curve.
The prey growth curve is always above the predator growth curve.
The predator and prey growth curves rise and fall together.
interdependent cycles of boom and bust or hills and valleys
The predator and prey growth curves rise and fall, but the prey growth curve lags behind the predator growth curve.
From studies of predator prey relationships, it could be predicted that an increase of zebra on a savannah would be followed by a subsequent ____.
increase in herbivores
decrease in herbivores
increase in lions
decrease in lions
All of these
An increase in predator numbers is usually followed by a subsequent (a) in prey numbers.
A population's growth rate depends on ____.
Birth Rate
Death Rate
Immigration
Emigration
All of these
A decrease in natural resources will (a) the carrying capacity.
What population is also correlated with the wolf-moose population cycles observed on Isle Royale?
fir trees
bats
small insects
red squirrels
humans
A few years after a prey species population decreases, the predator population will (a) . A few years after a predator species population decreases, the prey species population (b) .
Why do ecologists count representative samples of a population and not the total population under study?
to get a precise number
because it is impractical to count all the members of the population
because it is the way that ecologists study ecosystems
to get an estimate before counting the whole population
because a representative sample more accurately reflects the carrying capacity
How has climate change affected the Isle Royale ecosystem?
The moose population has decreased.
The wolf population has decreased.
The tick population has increased.
The moose population has been weakened by ticks.
All of these.
Although many factors influence moose population density, predation is likely to be a density- (a) factor, and a harsh winter is likely to be a density- (b) factor.
Which is a density-independent factor?
competition
parasitism
drought
disease
predation
The growth rate of a population is calculated from the ____ for that population.
carrying capacity
difference between births and deaths
birth rate
death rate
birth rate and the carrying capacity
Predation is a density- (a) factor.
The physical place where members of a population typically live is termed a: (a) .
A species that is so important to its community (such as the honey bee) that their removal can dismantle a food web is termed a: _______ species.
keystone
dominant
pollinators
petals
Match the following terms.
Species living in close association with one another (one species living in or on another)
Symbiosis
Relationship in which both species benefit
Mutualism
Relationship in which one species benefits while the other is not effected
Commensalism
Relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed
Parasitism
When two or more species vie for the same limited resource
Competition
Mice eat fruits and nuts, and snakes eat mice. Which of the following is most likely to happen if snakes are removed from the community?
The number of fruits and nuts will increase, but mice populations will be unchanged.
The number of fruits and nuts will increase, and mice populations will also increase.
The number of fruits and nuts will be unchanged, and mice populations will also be unchanged.
The number of fruits and nuts will be unchanged, but mice populations will decrease.
The number of fruits and nuts will decrease, but mice populations will increase.
The instance of multiple food chains in a community describes a ____ ___.
(a)
Food chains are overly simplistic, as they do not consider _______.
carnivores
herbivores
omnivores
producers
consumers
As a result of competition _______.
one species may go extinct
both species may divide resources
one or both populations are likely to decline
all of these
Competition for resources by two species occupying the same or similar niches is usually alleviated by _______.
migration
generalist foraging behavior
aggressive foraging behavior
resource partitioning
The space, environment, and resources necessary for a species fitness describes a(n) (a) .
Where does pollination occur?
on bees
on flowers
on fruit
in hives
Which of the following is not a type of symbiosis?
Parasitism
Symbolism
Commensalism
Mutualism
The ________ principle states that two species cannot coexist indefinitely in the same niche.
competitive exclusion principle
co-inclusion principle
second law of thermodynamics
endosymbiotic theory
zonal exclusion theory
In ________ multiple species use the same resource in a slightly different way or at a different time.
symbiotic inclusion
resource partitioning
mutualism
intraspecific competition
Introduction of non-native species of bees to the United States may cause ________.
a decline in native species
competition for limited resources
migration of native bees
partitioning of food resources
All of these
Only portions of the habitat are most favorable
Habitat is relatively uniform and members do not attract and repel one another
Distribution where individuals strongly repel one another
Ocean fish that swim in schools
population distribution pattern is encountered most often by ecologists
neighborhoods in US Cities
A plant with wind-dispersed seeds
If global warming continues and predictions are correct by the end of the twenty-first century, sea level on Earth will _____.
remain the same
rise by 1m
rise by 5m
rise by 20cm
lower by 20cm
Which of the following is not a "greenhouse gas"?
oxygen
carbon dioxide
nitrous oxide
methane
CFCs
Greenhouse gasses block (a) that escapes from the earth.
An increase in the surface temperature of the Earth caused by heat trapping gases in the atmosphere is known as: (a) effect.
Fossil fuels ________.
are the remains of once-living organisms
include coal, oil, and natural gas
increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere when burned
are significant contributors to global warming
Which 3 processes regulate the natural carbon cycle on our planet?
photosynthesis
respiration
decomposition
transpiration
nitrification
Which is NOT a naturally occurring greenhouse gas?
Water Vapor
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
CFCs (chlorfluorocarbons)
The vegetation in a biome is largely influenced by (a) and (b) .
Why would a plant species go extinct but an animal survive when temperature change alters a habitat?
plants are less tolerant of rapid temperature change
animals are more mobile than plants
animals are more tolerant of heat changes
animals are more adaptable
all of these
An ecosystem is the (a) , (b) , and (c) life plus the physical and chemical (d) in an area. The major types of ecosystems are called (e) .
Which of the following is an important temperate grassland?
Prairies of North America
Northern Africa
Eastern Australia
All of these are correct
Trees that usually lose their leaves in the winter are:
Maple trees
Oak trees
Elm trees
All of these
Which of the following is not a major terrestrial biome of Earth?
the tundra
the taiga
the temperate grasslands
the antarctic
the tropical forest
On Earth, solar energy is most intense at the (a) .
Abiotic components of an ecosystem include (a) components only. (b) is not an abiotic component or condition of an ecosystem.
Water
Rock
Salinity
Temperature
The loss of ice cover in the Arctic will ________.
endanger resident species.
raise the ocean temperature.
increase the air temperature.
increase sea levels.
All of these.
As a consequence of global warming, ________.
only plants will be negatively affected.
only animals will be negatively affected.
all plants and animals will be negatively affected.
some plants and animals will be negatively affected, while others won't be affected at all.
some plants and animals will be negatively affected, while others will be positively affected.
Which human activities contribute to elevated carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere?
driving gasoline-powered cars
burning of coal
burning of oil
burning of forests
All of these.
What process uses up (takes in) carbon dioxide in the environment? (a) .
Which land mass is showing the most dramatic increase in surface temperatures in recent years? ________.
North America
South America
Arctic
Europe
Africa
The increase in carbon dioxide levels correlates with an increase in Earth’s surface (a) .
Underground stores of freshwater are (a) .
What evidence supports an increase in Earth’s surface temperature?
historical records
tree rings
ice cores
corals
All of the above
Which is NOT a renewable resource?
hydroelectric power
wind power
biofuels
fossil fuels
nuclear power
Although (a) of Earth’s surface is water, only (b) is available for human consumption.
Why is there reluctance to eliminate fossil fuels as an energy source?
There are no other sources of energy.
They are relatively cheap to obtain.
Other methods of energy production are not as efficient.
They are unlimited in supply.
Non-renewable resources ________.
are natural resources.
take millions of years to form.
supply our energy demands.
are not sustainable.
All of these
A (a) species is so important to its community (such as the (b) ) that their removal can dismantle a food web. Its loss would (c) impact the community and ecosystem.
What percentage of the total energy is lost due to metabolism, heat, and waste between trophic levels in a food chain? ________
1%
10%
50%
70%
90%
The ________ begins with the weathering of rock.
phosphorous cycle
carbon cycle
water cycle
nitrogen cycle
energy cycle
The major determinants of climate are
temperature
moisture
sunlight
all of these
As an overall average, about ___ _______ of the energy at one trophic level is available to the next highest rank in the food chain.
(a)
Which of the following is not an important biogeochemical cycle on Earth?
ATP cycle
Water Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Phosphorus Cycle
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert N2 into ________.
ammonia
nitrogen
phosphorous
carbon dioxide
methane
If you had 10,000 J of energy at the producer level, how much energy would be available to the secondary consumers? ________ J
100,000 J
1000 J
100 J
10 J
10,000 J
Match the following organisms to their biome.
temperate deciduous forest
oak tree
coniferous forest
pine tree
desert
cactus
tundra
shortest growing season
grassland
sunflower
The biome that has little to no annual variation in temperature __.
tropical rain forest
temperate grassland
boreal forest
temperate deciduous forest
desert
Suppose the number of bird species is determined mainly by the number of vertical strata found in the environment. If so, in which of the following biomes would you find the greatest number of bird species?
tropical rain forest
boreal forest
desert
temperate broadleaf forest
temperate grassland
Deserts typically occur in a band at 30 degrees north and south latitude because __.
descending air masses tend to be cool and dry.
trade winds have a little moisture.
water is heavier than air and is not carried far over land.
ascending air tends to be moist.
these locations get the most intense solar radiation of any location on Earth
Approximately how many kg of carnivore production can be supported by a field plot containing 2000 kg of plant material?
(a)
Phytoplankton is most frequently found in which of the following zones?
profundal zone
benthic zone
photic zone
oligotrophic zone
aphotic zone
Organize these options into the right categories of marine zones.
lowest rates of primary productivity (photosynthesis)
Lake zone would be absent in a very shallow lake (less than 100m in depth)
Pelagic zone in the open ocean
often supports communities of organisms that feed largely on detritus
Although 70% of Earth’s surface is water, only (a) is freshwater.
What area has the highest total NPP on our planet?
Coral Reefs
Open Ocean
Tropical Rain Forest
Desert
Grasslands
A species that is relatively r-selected is likely to have _____.
a large number of offspring
a long life-span
substantial parental care of offspring
several years to sexual maturity
