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WorksheetsCouncil Mock edition 2
Total questions: 150
Worksheet time: 1hrs 15mins
1. Which of the following structures is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs?
Trachea
Bronchi
Alveoli
Pleura
2. Which part of the brain regulates balance and coordination?
Cerebrum
Brainstem
Medulla
Cerebellum
3. The functional unit of the kidney is the:
Nephron
Alveolus
Tubule
Glomerulus
4. Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart?
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
Pulmonary vein
Vena cava
5. Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels and nerve endings?
Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis
Stratum corneum
6. The mitral valve is located between which two chambers of the heart ??
Right atrium and right ventricle
Left atrium and left ventricle
Right atrium and left atrium
Left ventricle and aorta
7. Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs?
Smooth
Voluntary
Cardiac
Skeletal
8. What is the primary function of red blood cells?
Fight infection
Aid in clotting
Transport oxygen
Maintain pH
9. Which organ is responsible for producing bile?
Liver
Pancreas
Stomach
Gallbladder
10. Which hormone is produced by the pancreas to lower blood glucose?
Glucagon
Insulin
Cortisol
Thyroid
11. Which part of the respiratory system prevents food from entering the trachea?
Epiglottis
Larynx
Pharynx
Soft palate
A patient with hypertension is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What is the main effect of
ACE inhibitors?
Increase blood pressure
Dilate blood vessels and lower blood pressure
Increase heart rate
Decrease fluid retention
13. The sinoatrial node is located in which chamber of the heart?
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
. Which of the following drugs is a beta-blocker used for controlling hypertension?
Lisinopril
Amlodipine
Metoprolol
Simvastatin
15. Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?
Olfactory
Optic
Facial
Vagus
16. The diaphragm is innervated by which nerve?
Phrenic nerve
Vagus nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Accessory nerve
17. Which cell type produces antibodies?
T cells
B cells
Macrophages
Neutrophils
18. Which of the following bones is part of the axial skeleton?
Femur
Scapula
Vertebra
Humerus
19. Which part of the nephron is responsible for filtration?
Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Glomerulus
Distal tubule
20. Which gland regulates metabolism through the release of thyroxine?
Pituitary
Thyroid
Pancreas
Adrenal
Which drug is most commonly used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose?
Naloxone
Epinephrine
Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen
22. Which lab result is most important to monitor in a patient on a loop diuretic?
Hemoglobin
Potassium
Platelets
Sodium
23. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with a large burn injury?
Risk for infection
Impaired mobility
Altered body image
Chronic pain
24. A client is post-op from abdominal surgery and reports no bowel movement in 3 days.
What should the nurse assess first?
Dietary intake
Bowel sounds
Vital signs
IV fluid rate
25. Which clinical manifestation suggests a urinary tract infection?
Decreased urinary output
Foul-smelling urine
Cloudy vision
High blood pressure
26.A patient is receiving blood transfusion therapy. Which sign indicates a possible
transfusion reaction?
Bradycardia
Fever and chills
Hypotension
Chest pain
27. What is the most appropriate intervention for a patient at risk of pressure ulcers?
Encourage fluid restriction
Massage reddened areas
Reposition every 2 hours
Limit mobility
28. What complication is most critical after thyroid surgery?
Infection
Hemorrhage
Hypertension
Weight loss
29. Which diet is most appropriate for a patient with chronic renal failure?
High protein, low potassium
Low protein, low sodium
High carbohydrate, high sodium
High protein, high potassium
30. What is the most effective method to prevent postoperative atelectasis?
Ambulate early
Administer pain medication
Restrict fluids
Give oxygen
31. In a patient with liver cirrhosis, which lab value is expected to be abnormal?
AST and ALT
. Blood glucose
Creatinine
Hemoglobins
32. Which is the priority nursing action after a patient receives a sedative?
Monitor blood pressure
Reorient patient
Ensure airway patency
33. A patient with diabetes reports numbness in the feet. What complication does this suggest?
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic nephropathy
Peripheral neuropathy
Ketoacidosis
34. Which medication should be questioned for a patient with peptic ulcer disease?
Paracetamol
Ibuprofen
Ranitidine
Omeprazole
35. What is the first step when a nurse finds a patient unresponsive with no pulse?
Call the physician
Start chest compressions
C. Check blood pressure
Open airway
36. Which electrolyte imbalance can cause cardiac arrhythmia?
Hypernatremia
Hypokalemia
Hypoglycemia
Hypercalcemia
37. What should a nurse monitor in a patient on warfarin therapy?
Hemoglobin
INR/PT
Potassium
Creatinine
38. Which condition requires airborne precautions?
Tuberculosis
Influenza
MRSA
Hepatitis B
39. What is the most appropriate action if a wound culture is needed?
. Swab the edges of the wound
Clean the wound and swab the center
Take culture after applying antibiotic
Use old drainage for testing
40. A patient is experiencing chest pain radiating to the jaw. What is the nurse’s priority?
Take vital signs
Call for help
Administer oxygen
Document the pain
41. A patient has a BP of 180/110 mmHg. What condition is likely?
Hypovolemia
Anemia
Hypercardica crisis
Hypertensive crisis
42. What is a common sign of appendicitis?
Pain at McBurney’s point
Left upper quadrant pain
Rebound tenderness in the epigastric area
Melena
43. Which patient should be assigned to a private room?
Post-op patient
Stroke patient
. Patient on bed rest
TB patient
44. A patient with heart failure is prescribed furosemide. Which assessment finding
requires immediate attention?
Weight loss
Increased urinary output
Muscle weakness
Decreased blood pressure
45. Which complication is most likely after a myocardial infarction?
Hyperglycemia
Pulmonary embolism
Dysrhythmia
Anemia
46. What is the primary goal in managing a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)?
Increase oxygen saturation
Eliminate all respiratory infections
Promote airway clearance and prevent complications
Encourage bed rest
47. Which of the following would be a priority for a patient with deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Massage the affected leg
Apply warm compress
Encourage early ambulation
Elevate the leg and monitor for pulmonary embolism
48. In a patient with type 2 diabetes, which symptom suggests hypoglycemia?
Increased urination
Dry mouth
Confusion and diaphoresis
Flushed face
49. A patient with a history of seizures is on phenytoin. Which finding should be reported?
Mild headache
Gingival swelling
Nausea
Tingling in fee
50. Which nursing intervention is most important after a thyroidectomy?
Encouraging early ambulation
Monitoring calcium levels
Providing a high-protein diet
Restricting fluid
51. Which lab test is used to monitor long-term glucose control?
Fasting blood sugar
Oral glucose tolerance test
HbA1c
Random glucose test
52.What is the most likely cause of sudden chest pain and shortness of breath in a
postoperative patients?
Wound infection
. Atelectasis
Pulmonary embolism
Anxiety
53. What condition is associated with a “butterfly” rash on the face?
Eczema
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Psoriasis
Rosacea
54. Which electrolyte imbalance is common in renal failure?
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Hypernatremia
55. A patient is admitted with ketoacidosis. What is the nurse’s initial priority?
Administer insulin
Start IV fluids
Monitor blood glucose
Insert a urinary catheter
56. Which finding is consistent with left-sided heart failure?
Peripheral edema
Jugular vein distention
Crackles in lungs
57. What should the nurse monitor for in a patient with liver cirrhosis?
Polycythemia
Increased clotting
Ascites and jaundice
Bradycardia
58. A patient with HIV presents with white patches in the mouth. What condition is
suspected?
Syphilis
. Oral thrush (candidiasis)
Aphthous ulcer
Herpes
59. What is the initial nursing action for a patient having a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?
A. Hold the limbs
B. Place a tongue blade
C. Turn the patient to the side
D. Administer oxygen
Hold the limbs
Administer oxygen
Place a tongue blade
Turn the patient to the side
60. What should the nurse include in discharge teaching for a patient with asthma?
Use inhaler only when symptoms appear
Avoid all physical activity
Monitor peak flow and avoid triggers
Eat a high-salt diet
61. Which is a classic symptom of peripheral arterial disease?
Constant pain at rest
Warm, flushed skin
Intermittent claudication
Edema of the legs
62. What is the purpose of digoxin in heart failure management?
Reduce oxygen demand
Prevent fluid retention
Decrease blood pressure
Increase cardiac contractility
63. Which nursing assessment indicates peritonitis in a patient with a perforated ulcer ?
Absent bowel sounds and rigid abdomen
Increased appetite
High urine output
Increased appetite
64. Which diet should be encouraged in a patient with iron-deficiency anemia?
Low fat, high calcium
High iron, high protein
Low sodium
High fiber, low protein
65. Which clinical manifestation is most concerning in a patient with deep partial-thickness
burns?
Pink wound bed
Intense pain
Absence of capillary refill
Blistering
66. Which condition would the nurse suspect in a patient with moon face, purple striae, and muscle weakness??
Addison’s disease
Hypothyroidism
Cushing’s syndrome
Graves’ disease
67. Which type of isolation is required for a patient with active varicella (chickenpox)?
Airborne
Standard
Droplets
Contact
68. In a hypertensive crisis, which medication is typically used for immediate BP reduction?
Furosemide
Lisinopril
Hydralazine iv
Metoprolol
69. A patient with spinal cord injury at T6 complains of a pounding headache and flushed
skin. What should the nurse do first?
Administer analgesics
Lower the head of the bed
Check for bladder distension
Give antihypertensives
70. Which assessment finding is most concerning in a patient with a chest tube?
Continuous bubbling in water seal chamber
Drainage of 100 mL in 1 hour
Slight fluctuation in fluid level
No drainage in 4 hours
What is the major goal of PHC in Nigeria?
Reduce hospital admissions
Promote curative medicine
Achieve health for all
Eliminate traditional practices
The Glasgow Coma Scale is used to assess:
. Level of consciousness
. Pain threshold
. Visual acuity
Spinal reflex
Which healthcare worker plays the most active role in PHC delivery at the grassroots?
Consultant physician
Registered nurse
Community health extension worker
Radiographer
The Alma-Ata declaration of 1978 emphasized:
Expansion of private hospitals
Specialized medicine
Health for all through PHC
Pharmaceutical regulation
. The success of PHC depends primarily on:
Number of doctors
Community ownership and participation
Presence of advanced equipment
Internet access
Which is not an element of PHC?
Family planning
Mental health
Emergency surgery
Immunization
.An outreach program for free malaria testing and treatment is an example of:
Secondary care
Preventive and promotive health
Tertiary care
In-patient service
Which policy guides PHC implementation in Nigeria?
National Surgical Plan
National Health Policy
National Development Plan
Hospital Services Regulations
PHC emphasizes all the following except:
Preventive care
Curative services
Community involvement
Expensive diagnostics
. Which activity helps strengthen PHC in hard-to-reach areas?
Community health outreach teams
Construction of large hospitals
Importation of vaccines
Employment of foreign doctors
Family planning in PHC contributes primarily to:
Women’s empowerment and population control
Reducing cancer rates
Promote marriage
Child labor regulation
Which ethical principle involves telling the truth to a patient?
Autonomy
Fidelity
Veracity
Non-maleficence
A nurse observes a colleague violating infection control practices. What is the nurse’s
best response?
Ignore it
Report to hospital management
Confront publicly
Join the colleague
What is the first step in the nursing process?
Evaluation
Diagnosis
Planning
Assessment
When documenting in the nursing notes, which principle must be followed?
Use abbreviations as much as possible
Write in future tense
Be clear, concise, and accurate
Leave space for corrections
Which statement about nursing diagnosis is correct?
It identifies a medical condition
It focuses on patient responses to health issues
It is made by the doctor
It is based only on lab results
What is the key element of nurse-patient communication??
Medical terminology
Sympathy
Active listening
Physical contact
During the evaluation phase, the nurse must:
Ask for more orders
Measure patient’s progress toward goals
Update the medication chart
Perform vital signs
Which nursing action best shows advocacy?
Avoiding communication with the family
Encouraging the patient to stay quiet
Supporting a patient’s decision to refuse treatment
Agreeing with the doctor’s view only
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing diagnosis?
Pneumonia
Impaired gas exchange related to fluid in lungs
Antibiotic therapy
Fever
. A patient who has just undergone surgery for a fractured leg complains of pain. Which
of the following should be the nurse’s priority action?
. Administering the prescribed pain medication
Offering the patient a blanket for warmth
Providing the patient with reading materials
Encouraging the patient to walk around to relieve pain
A nurse is assisting a patient with a history of diabetes to perform self-injection of
insulin. Which step should the nurse emphasize to ensure proper technique?
Injecting the insulin into a muscle rather than the fatty tissue
Rotating injection sites to avoid tissue damage
Injecting the insulin into the same site every time
Reusing needles to reduce costs
A patient is experiencing difficulty breathing after receiving morphine for pain
management. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
Withhold all further doses of morphine
Assess the patient’s respiratory rate and oxygen saturation
Increase the dosage of morphine to relieve pain
Encourage the patient to take deep breaths without intervention
Which of the following foods is a good source of iron?
Banana
Liver
White bread
Milk
. Malnutrition in early childhood can lead to:
Improved immunity
Enhanced learning
Stunted growth and poor brain development
Excessive weight gain
Vitamin D deficiency leads to:
Rickets in children
Night blindness
Scurvy
Beriberi
A nurse educating a community on balanced diet is promoting:
Tertiary prevention
Primary prevention
Emergency intervention
Hospital admissions
The process of adding nutrients to food products is called:
Preservation
Supplementation
Fortification
Extraction
Dietary fiber helps in the prevention of:
Rickets
Constipation
Hypertension
Night blindness
Which group of people require the highest daily calorie intake?
Elderly adults
Infants
Pregnant and lactating women
Sedentary workers
The body temperature is regulated by:
Cerebrum
Hypothalamus
Brainstem
Cerebellum
The pulse pressure is the difference between:
Diastolic and systolic
. Systolic and diastolic
Mean and average
Basal and peak
The normal respiratory rate for adults is:
10–20 breaths/min
30–40 breaths/min
50–60 breaths/min
5–10 breaths/min
The safest temperature for hot water bath is about.
30°C
40°C
50°C
60°C
Universal precautions are used for ??
Prevent infection transmission
Increase immunity
Diagnose illness
Increase immunity
The correct order of nursing process is:
Assessment → Diagnosis → Planning → Implementation → Evaluation
Planning → Assessment → Diagnosis → Evaluation
Diagnosis → Planning → Evaluation → Assessment
Implementation → Assessment → Planning → Diagnosis
The nutrient most needed after surgery for tissue repair is:
Protein
Carbohydrate
Vitamin
Fat
The first heart sound “lub” is due to closure of:
. Aortic and pulmonary valves
Mitral and tricuspid valves
Semilunar valves
All valves
The pulse oximeter measures:
Blood glucose
Oxygen saturation
Heart rhythm
Blood pressure
The drug “Furosemide” is classified as:
Diuretic
Antibiotic
Antihypertensive
Analgesic
The most effective way to prevent infection is :
Wearing gloves
Hand washing
Using mask
Isolating patient
The first link in the chain of infection is:
Reservoir
Infectious agent
Mode of transmission
Portal of exit
The best site for checking pulse in emergency is:
Radial
Carotid
Brachial
Temporal
The normal range of adult pulse rate is:
40–60 bpm
60–100 bpm
100–120 bpm
120–150 bpm
Drugs that relieve anxiety are known as ??
Analgesics
Antidepressants
Anxiolytics
Diuretics
The main purpose of a loading dose is:
To achieve therapeutic level quickly
To maintain steady state
To reduce toxicity
To stop reaction
The abbreviation “PRN” means:
After meals
When necessary
Every hour
Before meals
Tetracyclines should not be given to:
Pregnant women and children
Adults
Men only
Elderly only
Insulin is administered by:
Oral
Subcutaneous injection
IV bolus
Inhalation
A patient on warfarin should avoid excessive intake of:
Vitamin K
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
The antidote for morphine poisoning is:
Naloxone
Atropine
Vitamin K
Diazepam
A common side effect of diuretics is:
Hypokalemia
Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
Constipation
Digoxin is used in:
Tuberculosis
Diabetes
Asthma
Heart failure
Antibiotics are used to treat:
Viral infection
Bacterial infection
Fungal infection
Parasitic infection
An example of an analgesic drug is:
Paracetamol
Amoxicillin
Furosemide
Diazepam
The “five rights” of drug administration include:
. Right patient, drug, dose, route, time
. Right doctor, nurse, patient, drug, time
. Right hospital, room, route, patient, chart
. Right equipment, patient, drug, label, bed
The term “contraindication” means:
Reason to use a drug
Reason to avoid a drug
Overdose
Drug abuse
The route of drug administration that provides fastest action is:
Oral
Intravenous
Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
The study of drugs and their effects on the body is:
Pharmacology
Physiology
Microbiology
Pathology
The main site of nutrient absorption is:
Stomach
Small intestine
Large intestine
Esophagus
Goiter is caused by deficiency of:
Iron
Iodine
Calcium
Zinc
The best source of complete protein is:
Rice
Beans
Egg
Cassava
Which nutrient provides insulation and energy storage?
Carbohydrate
Fat
Protein
Vitamin
The disease caused by lack of thiamine (B1) is
Pellagra
Beriberi
Kwashiorkor
Scurvy
Night blindness results from deficiency of:
Vitamin A
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Vitamin C
The deficiency of iron results in:
Anemia
Goiter
Rickets
Marasmus
Protein is essential for :
Energy
Tissue growth and repair
Fluid balance only
Digestion
The main source of energy in food is:
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Protein
Fat
The nursing diagnosis identifies:
Medical problem
Patient response to health condition
Physician order
Disease name
In delegation, the nurse should:
. Transfer responsibility completely
Assign tasks within scope
untrained staff to do complex tasks
Ignore supervision
The nurse’s primary duty is to:
Assist doctors
Promote and restore health
Perform surgeries
Dispense drugs
Which of the following is a principle of asepsis?
Wash hands before and after procedure
B. Use gloves only in surgery
Blow on wounds
Reuse needles
The nurse–patient relationship is based on:
Sympathy
Empathy and trust
Friendship
Superiority
The nursing process begins with:
Planning
Assessment
Diagnosis
Evaluation
Examples of preventive services include:
Surgery
Immunization
Laboratory test
X-ray
The immediate danger in fracture of femur is:
Pain
Shock from blood loss
Deformity
Infection
The term “cyanosis” means:
discoloration of skin due to low oxygen
Pale color
Yellow skin
Red skin
The commonest cause of urinary tract infection is:
Pseudomonas
Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
E. coli
The first aid for epistaxis (nosebleed) includes:
Tilting the head backward
Tilting the head forward
Packing the ears
Lying flat
. A patient with COPD should be positioned:
Flat
Supine
Trendelenburg
Fowler’s position
