Font size
WorksheetsFINAL CHEMISTRY FOR OHARMACY
Total questions: 99
Worksheet time: 8hrs 15mins
Based on the (Hof data given, which compound is the most stable?
N2O4(g), +9.7 kJ/mol
H2S(g), -20.6 kJ/mol
N2H4(g), +94.5 kJ/mol
PH3(g), +5.4 kJ/mol
NH3(g), -46.4 kJ/mol
Which ionic solid is likely to have the largest exothermic lattice energy?
KCl
NaCl
LiCl
CsCl
They all have the same value.
Which of the following solids is likely to have the largest exothermic lattice energy?
LiF
NaCl
AlCl3
Al2O3
CaCl2
Sodium forms a monatomic ion which has the electronic configuration of a noble gas. What is the electron configuration of that noble gas?
1s2
1s2 2p6
1s2 2s2 2p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
Bromine tends to form a monatomic ion which has the electronic configuration of a noble gas. What is the electron configuration of that noble gas?
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4p6 4d10
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10
The octet rule is generally followed for cations of which elements?
post transition metals and transition metals
Group IA and Group IIA metals
Group IVA elements
lanthanide elements
actinide elements
Which ion of uranium has a noble gas configuration?
U2+
U3+
U4+
U6+
U2
Which atom has the same electron configuration as In3+?
Te
Pd
Ir
Zn
Ga
Give the ground state electron configuration and number of unpaired electrons for V3+.
[Ar] 3d1; 2 unpaired electrons
[Ar]; 1 unpaired electron
[Ar] 3d2; 2 unpaired electrons
[Ar] 3d3; 3 unpaired electrons
[Ar] 3d4; 4 unpaired electrons
Which metal ion is expected to have the electron configuration, [Kr]4d4?
Mn2+
Ru2+
Zr2+
Mo2+
Sr2+
Which element below has three valence electrons in its Lewis symbol?
gallium
fluorine
iron
nickel
sulfur
Which species below has eight valence electrons in its Lewis symbol?
Ar+
F+
Mg+
S 2-
Si
Which element below has six electrons surrounding its Lewis symbol?
Cr
Ni
Ba
Se
As
Which species has the most valence electrons in its Lewis symbol?
Ar+
Ga+
Ba2+
Br
O 2-
The atoms in the nitrogen molecule, N2, are held together by
a single covalent bond
a double covalent bond
a triple covalent bond
an ionic bond
a magnetic dipole bond
The atoms in the oxygen molecule, O2, are held together by
a single covalent bond
a double covalent bond
a triple covalent bond
an ionic bond
a magnetic dipole bond
A covalent bond is characterized by two properties. These are
the energy of the bond and the location of the electron pair in the bond.
the energy of the separated atoms and the energy of the new bond.
the bond length and the polarity of the covalent bond.
the bond length and the bond energy.
the energy released when a bond forms, and the electronegativities of the two atoms.
The Lewis symbol for the carbon atom has __ valence electrons. The number of covalent bonds which carbon usually forms in order to complete its valence shell and obey the octet rule is __.
4, 1
4, 2
2, 4
4, 3
4, 4
The Lewis symbol for the nitrogen atom has __ valence electrons. The number of covalent bonds which nitrogen usually forms in order to complete its valence shell and obey the octet rule is __.
5, 1
5, 2
3, 4
5, 3
5, 4
Alcohols belong to a class of organic compounds in which a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon is replaced by which of the following?
Ar atom
NO group
OH group
F atom
A metal ion
Ketones belong to a class of organic compounds in which a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon is replaced by which of the following?
An argon atom
A doubly bonded sulfur atom
A doubly bonded carbon atom
A triply bonded nitrogen atom
A doubly bonded oxygen atom
Organic acids are characterized by the presence of which particular group of atoms?
Hydronium ion, H3O+
An extra -CH2 group
A doubly bonded carbon atom
Carboxyl group, -CO2H
A doubly bonded hydrogen atom
How many lone pairs of electrons are on the group of atoms which characterize organic acids?
6
4
3
2
1
Amines are weak organic bases and can be considered derived from which compound?
H2O
SO2
NH3
CH3C1
CO2
Which bond is the most polar?
H-C
H-Cl
H-P
H-S
H-Se
Arrange the following in terms of increasing electronegativity values.
P < Ga < Ge < As
As < P < Ga < Ge
Ga < Ge < As < P
Ge < P < As < Ga
Ga < P < As < Ge
Based on electronegativity considerations, which species should be the strongest oxidizing agent?
Ne
Kr
Br2
Cl2
S
Based on the "best" Lewis structure after applying formal charge considerations, how many non-bonding valence electrons are around the nitrogen atom in the nitrate ion?
0
2
4
6
8
Draw a Lewis structure for CH2Cl2. Based on this Lewis structure, the calculated value for the formal charge on the carbon atom is
0
4+
2+
2
4
When the fluoride ion reacts with a BF3 molecule (a molecule in which there are no multiple bonds) an ion is formed in which the boron atom is the central atom. The bond between the boron triundefinedfluoride and the fluoride ion is
an ionic bond.
a regular covalent bond, where both species contribute 1 electron to the bond.
a coordinate covalent bond.
a resonance hybrid bond.
a bond where two atoms share one electron instead of two.
How many coordinate covalent bonds are formed in the reaction between H+ and NH3, and what is the formula of the only product?
0, NH3
1, NH4+
2, NH4+
3, N2H4+
4, N2H5+
Draw the Lewis structure for hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. Based on this structure, how many polar bonds and non-polar bonds are present?
3 polar bonds and no non-polar bonds
2 polar bonds and 1 non-polar bond
1 polar bond and 2 non-polar bonds
no polar bonds and 3 non-polar bonds
2 polar bonds and 2 non-polar bonds
The formal charge on the nitrogen atom in the nitrate ion is
3-
0
1+
3+
5+
Based on the 'best' Lewis structure after applying formal charge considerations, how many non-bonding valence electrons are around the carbon atom in the CO molecule?
0
2
4
6
8
Draw a Lewis structure for H3C-NH2. Based on this Lewis structure, the calculated value for the formal charge on the nitrogen atom is
2
3+
3
2+
0
Draw the Lewis structure for the H2CO molecule. Based on this structure, how many polar bonds and non-polar bonds are present?
3 polar bonds and no non-polar bonds
2 polar bonds and 1 non-polar bond
1 polar bond and 2 non-polar bonds
no polar bonds and 3 non-polar bonds
2 polar bonds and 2 non-polar bonds
Draw the 'best' Lewis structure for sulfur trioxide based on formal charge considerations. The number of resonance structures is
1 (no resonance)
2
3
4
5
How many resonance structures, if any, can be drawn for the nitrate ion?
1 (no resonance)
2
3
4
5
Which of the five basic geometries for molecules and ions has the largest bond angle?
linear
planar triangular
tetrahedral
square planar
octahedral
Which of the five basic geometries for molecules and ions has the smallest bond angle?
linear
planar triangular
tetrahedral
octahedral
These all have the same bond angles.
Which basic arrangement would best accommodate three electron domains in the valence shell of a covalently bonded atom?
planar triangular
octahedral
tetrahedral
linear
trigonal bipyramidal
Which basic arrangement would best accommodate five electron domains in the valence shell of a covalently bonded atom?
planar triangular
octahedral
tetrahedral
linear
trigonal bipyramidal
Based on the Lewis structure, the number of electron domains in the valence shell of the boron atom in the BF₃ molecule is
1
2
3
4
5
Based on the Lewis structure, the number of electron domains in the valence shell of the carbon atom in the CO₃²⁻ ion is
1
2
3
4
5
Based on the Lewis structure, the number of electron domains in the valence shell of the xenon atom in the XeF₂ molecule is
1
2
3
4
5
Application of the concepts of the VSEPR theory, suggests that the shape of the SO₃ molecule is
trigonal pyramidal.
square planar.
regular tetrahedral.
triangular planar.
distorted tetrahedron.
The geometry of the CS₂ molecule is best described as
bent.
linear.
regular tetrahedral.
triangular planar.
trigonal pyramidal.
Application of the VSEPR theory suggests that the geometric arrangement of the atoms in the carbonate ion, CO₃²⁻, is
octahedral.
square planar.
regular tetrahedral.
triangular planar.
trigonal pyramidal.
The bond angle in Cl₂O is expected to be approximately
90 degrees.
109.5 degrees.
120 degrees.
145 degrees.
180 degrees.
Application of the VSEPR model to the NCl₃ molecule leads to the prediction that
the molecule should have trigonal pyramidal geometry.
the molecule should have delocalized valence electrons.
the molecule should be non-polar.
the formal charge on the center atom is +3.
the molecule should have a planar triangular geometry.
Based on conclusions from application of the VSEPR theory, which one of the following is linear?
IF₂⁻
HCN
H₂CO
H₂S
SO₂
Based on observed periodic trends, arrange the following species, HBr, HCl, HF, HI, in order of increasing dipole moment.
HF < HCl < HBr < HI
HBr < HCl < HF < HI
HI < HF < HCl < HBr
HI < HBr < HCl < HF
HCl < HBr < HI < HF
Based on application of the VSEPR theory, which molecule should be nonpolar?
CH₃Cl
CSe₂
H₂O
NH₃
OF₂
Which molecule below is polar?
CF₅
BF₃
C₂H₂
CS₂
IBr
PR theory, which molecule should be nonpolar?
CH₃Cl
CSe₂ (*)
H₂O
NH₃
OF₂
Which molecule below is polar?
CF₅
BF₃
C₂H₂
CS₂
IBr (*)
Predict the molecular geometry and polarity of the SO₂ molecule by applying VSEPR theory.
linear, nonpolar
linear, polar
bent, 109.5° bond angle, polar
bent, 120° bond angle, polar (*)
bent, 109.5° bond angle, nonpolar
Bonding in the hydrogen chloride molecule can be explained by the valence bond theory in terms of an overlap between
the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atom and the 1s orbital of the chlorine atom.
the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atom and the 2s orbital of the chlorine atom.
the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atom and the 2p orbital of the chlorine atom.
the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atom and the 3p orbital of the chlorine atom. (*)
the 1s orbital of the hydrogen atom and the 3p orbital of the chlorine atom.
Draw a Lewis structure for the CH₄ molecule. What hybrid orbitals are used by the carbon atom for bonding?
sp³d²
sp
sp³d
sp³ (*)
sp²
Draw a Lewis structure for ethylene, C₂H₂. The hybridization on C is
sp (*)
sp²
sp³
sp³d
sp³d²
Draw a Lewis structure for the NH₃ molecule. What is the set of hybrid orbitals used by the nitrogen atom for bonding?
sp³d²
sp
sp³d
sp³ (*)
sp²
Draw a Lewis structure for the C₂H₄ molecule. What is the set of hybrid orbitals used by either of the carbon atoms for bonding?
sp³d²
sp
sp³d
sp³
sp² (*)
The central atom in SF₄ has σ-bonding pair(s) and lone pair(s) of electrons in the valence shell of the central atom.
3, 2
4, 0
4, 1 (*)
5, 0
5, 1
Draw a Lewis structure for H₃CNO₂. How many σ-bonds and π-bond(s) are in the molecule?
7 σ-bonds and 0 π-bonds
6 σ-bonds and 1 π-bond (*)
1 σ-bond and 5 π-bonds
5 σ-bonds and 2 π-bonds
2 σ-bonds and 1 π-bond
How many σ-bonds and π-bonds, respectively, are in a CO₂ molecule?
1 σ-bond and 2 π-bonds
2 σ-bonds and 0 π-bonds
2 σ-bonds and 2 π-bonds (*)
2 σ-bonds and 4 π-bonds
4 σ-bonds and 0 π-bonds
Which statement about the ammonia molecule is true?
The N-H bonds are polar, but the molecule is non-polar.
The molecule has both three σ- and one π-bond.
The nitrogen atom can be said to utilize sp³ hybrid orbitals for σ-bonding. (*)
The H-N-H bond angles are greater than 109.5 degrees.
The molecular geometry is planar triangular.
How many π-bonds are there in the CN⁻ ion?
0
1
1.5
2 (*)
3
Ozone (O₃) is an allotropic form of oxygen. Based on VSEPR and valence bond theory, which statement is true for this molecule?
The molecule is linear, and has no lone pairs in the valence shell on the central atom.
The molecule is linear, and has two π-bonds and one σ-bond.
The molecule is T-shaped, and has two π-bonds and two σ-bonds.
The molecule is bent, and has two lone pairs in the valence shell on the central atom.
The molecule is bent, and has one π-bond and two σ-bonds. (*)
What is the conjugate acid of HPO₄²⁻?
H₂PO₄
H₃PO₄
PO₄³⁻
PO₄²⁻
H₂PO₄⁻ (Correct)
What is the conjugate base of H₂AsO₄⁻?
H₂AsO₄
H₃AsO₄
HAsO₄⁻
HAsO₄²⁻ (Correct)
AsO₄³⁻
Which species is amphiprotic?
PO₄³⁻(aq)
HCl(g)
HSO₄⁻(aq) (Correct)
Cl⁻(aq)
CO₃²⁻(aq)
Which species does not have a conjugate base?
H₂O
H₃O⁺ (Correct)
NH₂⁻
OH⁻
F⁻
Which species has a conjugate base?
Cl⁻
SO₄²⁻
CN⁻
OH⁻
CO₃²⁻ (Correct)
In the reaction HClO₃ + N₂H₄ ⇌ ClO₃⁻ + N₂H₅⁺, which species are an acid-base conjugate pair?
HClO₃, N₂H₄
N₂H₄, ClO₃⁻
HClO₃, N₂H₅⁺
N₂H₄, N₂H₅⁺ (Correct)
ClO₃⁻, N₂H₅⁺
In the reaction HClO₃ + N₂H₄ ⇌ ClO₃⁻ + N₂H₅⁺, which two species are both acids?
HClO₃, N₂H₄
HClO₃, ClO₃⁻
HClO₃, N₂H₅⁺ (Correct)
N₂H₄, N₂H₅⁺
ClO₃⁻, N₂H₅⁺
In the reaction HClO₃ + N₂H₄ ⇌ ClO₃⁻ + N₂H₅⁺, which two species are both bases?
HClO₃, N₂H₄
HClO₃, ClO₃⁻
HClO₃, N₂H₅⁺
N₂H₄, N₂H₅⁺
ClO₃⁻, N₂H₄ (Correct)
Given the substances in order of increasing acid strength: HOCl(aq) < HC₂H₃O₂(aq) < HC₂O₄⁻(aq) < HOCN(aq) < HNO₂(aq) < HCl(aq), which species is the weakest base of that set?
C₂H₃O₂⁻(aq)
OCl⁻(aq)
H₂C₂O₄(aq)
Cl⁻(aq) (Correct)
OCN⁻(aq)
Which solution should be the most acidic?
Al(NO₃)₃(aq) (Correct)
Ca(NO₃)₂(aq)
KNO₃(aq)
Mg(NO₃)₂(aq)
Zn(NO₃)₂(aq)
Which species is the weakest acid?
HBr
HCl
HF
HI
H₂Se
Which species is the strongest acid?
H₂O
H₂S
H₂Se
H₂Te
HCl
NH₃ can react with BF₃, forming H₃N-BF₃. In this reaction,
the NH₃ acts as a Brønsted acid, accepting a proton from the BF₃ molecule.
the NH₃ acts as a Lewis base, donating a proton to the BF₃ molecule.
the NH₃ acts as a Brønsted acid, donating a proton to the BF₃ molecule.
the BF₃ molecule acts as a Lewis acid, accepting an electron pair from the NH₃ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.
the BF₃ molecule acts as a Lewis base, donating an electron pair to the NH₃ molecule to form a coordinate covalent bond.
Which solution would be the most basic?
Al(NO₃)₃(aq)
Ga(NO₃)₃(aq)
AgNO₃(aq)
Cu(NO₃)₂(aq)
Zn(NO₃)₂(aq)
Which solution would be the most acidic?
Zn(NO₃)₂(aq)
Cd(NO₃)₂(aq)
Ga(NO₃)₃(aq)
Hg(NO₃)₂(aq)
Al(NO₃)₃(aq)
If the OH- ion concentration in an aqueous solution at 25.0 °C is measured as 3.4 x 10-3 M, what is the pH?
2.47
7.22
8.24
11.53
16.47
The pH of a solution is measured to be 10.4. What are the values of [H3O+] and [OH-] for this solution?
[H3O+] = 4.0 x 10-11, [OH-] = 4.0 x 10^3
[H3O+] = 2.5 x 10-4, [OH-] = 4.0 x 10-11
[H3O+] = 1.0 x 10-10, [OH-] = 3.6 x 10-4
[H3O+] = 4.0 x 10-11, [OH-] = 2.5 x 10-4
[H3O+] = 9.6 x 10-2, [OH-] = 2.8 x 10-1
If the H+ ion concentration in an aqueous solution at 25.0 °C has a value of 0.100 M, what is the pOH of the solution?
1.00
7.00
12.00
13.00
11.40
Calculate the pH of a 0.020 M solution of Ca(OH)2 whose temperature is 25.0 °C.
1.40
0.040
1.69
12.60
12.30
Given 0.01 M solutions of each of the following bases, which solution would have the highest pH?
Aniline (C6H5NH2), Kb = 3.9 x 10-10
Dimethylamine ((CH3)2NH), Kb = 5.1 x 10-4
Hydrazine (N2H4), Kb = 1.3 x 10-6
Methylamine (CH3NH2), Kb = 4.4 x 10-4
Pyridine (C5H5N), Kb = 1.7 x 10-9
Given 0.01 M solutions of each of the following bases, which solution would have the highest pH?
Aniline (C6H5NH2), pKb = 9.39
Hydrazine (N2H4), pKb = 5.89
Hydroxylamine (HONH2), pKb = 7.96
Methylamine (CH3NH2), pKb = 3.36
Butylamine (C4H9NH2), pKb = 3.23
The ionization constant, Ka, for benzoic acid is 6.28 × 10-5. What is the pKa of this acid?
1.592 × 104
4.202
4.452
5.640
9.800
The ionization constant, Kb, for ammonia has a value of 1.76 × 10-5. What is the pKb of this base?
+3.24
-4.75
+4.754
-9.25
+9.25
Formic acid, HCO2H, has an ionization constant with the value: Ka = 1.76 × 10-4. Calculate the value of pKb for the conjugate base of formic acid.
3.75
5.35
8.65
10.25
12.24
What is the pH of a 1.00 molar solution of KCl?
0.00
6.90
7.00
7.10
13.00
What is the pH of a 1.00 molar solution of NH4Cl(aq)? The Kb for NH3 is 1.8 × 10-5.
2.37
4.63
9.26
9.37
11.63
Which one of the following salts will form a basic solution upon dissolving in water?
NaCl
NaNO2
NH4NO3
KBr
AlCl3
A mixture contains 0.060 moles of NaH2PO4 and 0.080 moles of K2HPO4. It is titrated with 0.500 molar NaOH(aq) to neutralize it completely. How many mL of the NaOH solution are required?
280 mL
313.3 mL
372 mL
400 mL
440 mL
Which is the most appropriate acid-base indicator to use in the titration of 0.100 molar acetic acid(aq) by 0.100 molar NaOH(aq)? This is the titration of a weak acid by a strong base.
phenol red, for which pKIn = 7.3, also HInd is yellow and Ind is red
bromothymol blue, for which pKIn = 6.8, also HInd is yellow and Ind is blue
phenolphthalein, for which pKIn = 9.1, also HInd is colorless and Ind is pink
cresol red, for which pKIn = 7.9, also HInd is yellow and Ind is red
These indicators will all work equally well for the titration of a weak acid by a strong base.
The pH at the equivalence point of the titration of perchloric acid solution by sodium hydroxide solution is
< 2.00
4.00 < pH < 7.00
7.00
7.00 < pH < 11.00
> 11.0
The pH at the equivalence point of the titration of ammonia solution by hydrochloric acid solution is
< 2.00
4.00 < pH < 7.00
7.00
7.00 < pH < 11.00
> 11.0
