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Physics Finals Review Hard

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 1hrs 8mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is the correct formula for Coulomb's law to calculate the electric force between two point charges?

a)

F=m⋅aF = m \cdot a

b)

F=k∣q1q2∣r2F = k \frac{|q_1 q_2|}{r^2}

c)

F=I⋅VF = I \cdot V

d)

F=12mv2F = \frac{1}{2} m v^2

2.

Which device is commonly used in homes to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy?

a)

Generator

b)

Motor

c)

Transformer

d)

Battery

3.

What is the name of the process by which a charged rod can cause a neutral object to become charged without direct contact?

a)

Conduction

b)

Induction

c)

Polarization

d)

Radiation

4.

Which of the following symbols is used to represent a resistor in a circuit schematic?

a)

A zigzag line

b)

A straight line

c)

A circle

d)

A triangle

5.

Ohm’s law is represented by which equation?

a)

V=I⋅RV = I \cdot R

b)

P=I⋅VP = I \cdot V

c)

F=m⋅aF = m \cdot a

d)

E=m⋅c2E = m \cdot c^2

6.

If the distance between two charged objects is doubled, what happens to the electric force between them according to Coulomb’s law?

a)

It doubles

b)

It becomes one-fourth as strong

c)

It stays the same

d)

It becomes four times as strong

7.

A transformer is used to:

a)

Change the voltage of an alternating current

b)

Store electrical energy

c)

Convert mechanical energy to electrical energy

d)

Measure electric current

8.

When a balloon is rubbed with wool and then brought near small pieces of paper, the paper is attracted to the balloon. This is an example of:

a)

Conservation of mass

b)

Conservation of charge through polarization

c)

Conservation of energy

d)

Conservation of momentum

9.

Which of the following statements is true about a series circuit?

a)

The current is the same through all components.

b)

The voltage is the same across all components.

c)

The resistance decreases as more resistors are added.

d)

The circuit cannot be turned off with a switch.

10.

A circuit has a current of 2 A2\,A and a resistance of 5 Ω5\,\Omega . What is the potential difference across the resistor?

a)

10 V10\,V

b)

7 V7\,V

c)

2.5 V2.5\,V

d)

0.4 V0.4\,V

11.

True or False: If the charge on one of two objects is tripled, the electric force between them will also triple, according to Coulomb’s law.

a)

True

b)

False

12.

True or False: The magnetic field around a current-carrying wire forms concentric circles around the wire.

a)

True

b)

False

13.

True or False: When a negatively charged rod touches a neutral metal sphere, the sphere becomes negatively charged due to conduction.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

True or False: In a parallel circuit, if one branch is disconnected, the other branches will still work.

a)

True

b)

False

15.

True or False: The power used by a circuit element can be calculated by multiplying the current through it by the potential difference across it.

a)

True

b)

False

16.

A student uses scientific notation to express the charge of an electron as −1.6×10−19-1.6 \times 10^{-19} coulombs. If two electrons are separated by 1.0×10−101.0 \times 10^{-10} meters, what is the magnitude of the electric force between them? (Use k=9.0×109 N⋅m2/C2k = 9.0 \times 10^9\, \text{N}\cdot\text{m}^2/\text{C}^2 )

a)

2.3×10−8 N2.3 \times 10^{-8}\,N

b)

2.3×10−9 N2.3 \times 10^{-9}\,N

c)

2.3×10−10 N2.3 \times 10^{-10}\,N

d)

2.3×10−11 N2.3 \times 10^{-11}\,N

17.

A city experiences a power outage. Which of the following devices is most likely used to restore electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy?

a)

Motor

b)

Generator

c)

Transformer

d)

Lightbulb

18.

A student uses a Van de Graaf generator to charge a metal sphere. She brings a neutral electroscope near the sphere without touching it, and the leaves of the electroscope spread apart. Which process is responsible for this observation?

a)

Conduction

b)

Induction

c)

Polarization

d)

Friction

19.

You are given a schematic with three resistors in parallel, each of 6 Ω6\,\Omega , and a 12 V12\,V battery. What is the total current supplied by the battery?

a)

2 A2\,A

b)

4 A4\,A

c)

6 A6\,A

d)

1 A1\,A

20.

A circuit contains a 12 V12\,V battery and two resistors, 3 Ω3\,\Omega and 6 Ω6\,\Omega , connected in series. What is the power used by the 6 Ω6\,\Omega resistor?

a)

8 W8\,W

b)

4 W4\,W

c)

2 W2\,W

d)

12 W12\,W

21.

Which of the following best describes simple harmonic motion?

a)

A motion that repeats in a regular cycle and is caused by a restoring force proportional to displacement

b)

A motion that increases in speed over time without repeating

c)

A motion that only occurs in liquids

d)

A motion that never returns to its original position

22.

Which type of wave requires a medium to travel through?

a)

Electromagnetic wave

b)

Sound wave

c)

Light wave

d)

Gamma ray

23.

What is the unit of frequency?

a)

Meter

b)

Second

c)

Hertz

d)

Newton

24.

Which phenomenon occurs when a wave bends as it passes from one medium to another?

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction

c)

Diffraction

d)

Interference

25.

Which device is used to observe radio waves from space?

a)

X-ray machine

b)

Radio telescope

c)

Microwave oven

d)

Ultrasound scanner

26.

A pendulum swings back and forth in a regular pattern. Which statement best explains why this is considered simple harmonic motion?

a)

The pendulum moves at a constant speed

b)

The restoring force is always directed toward the equilibrium position and is proportional to displacement

c)

The pendulum never returns to its starting point

d)

The motion is random

27.

A student claps their hands and hears an echo. Which type of wave behavior does this demonstrate?

a)

Refraction

b)

Diffraction

c)

Reflection

d)

Polarization

28.

Which of the following is a key difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?

a)

Transverse waves require a medium, longitudinal waves do not

b)

In transverse waves, particle motion is perpendicular to wave direction; in longitudinal waves, it is parallel

c)

Both types of waves travel at the same speed in all media

d)

Only longitudinal waves can travel through a vacuum

29.

A water wave has a wavelength of 2 meters and a frequency of 5 Hz. What is its speed?

a)

0.4 m/s

b)

2.5 m/s

c)

7 m/s

d)

10 m/s

30.

Which application uses microwaves?

a)

X-ray imaging

b)

Cooking food in a microwave oven

c)

Detecting broken bones

d)

Observing distant galaxies in visible light

31.

A student observes that when two waves meet, they sometimes create a larger wave and sometimes a smaller one. What is this phenomenon called?

a)

Diffraction

b)

Interference

c)

Reflection

d)

Refraction

32.

A sound wave travels faster in water than in air. What does this suggest about the properties of the media?

a)

Water is less dense than air

b)

Sound waves do not need a medium

c)

Sound waves travel faster in denser media

d)

Sound waves travel slower in denser media

33.

A mass attached to a spring oscillates with a certain frequency. If the mass is increased, what happens to the frequency of oscillation?

a)

It increases

b)

It decreases

c)

It stays the same

d)

It becomes zero

34.

A student uses the equation v=fλv = f \lambda to calculate the speed of a wave. If the frequency is doubled and the wavelength is halved, what happens to the speed?

a)

It doubles

b)

It halves

c)

It stays the same

d)

It becomes zero

35.

A person standing by a railroad track hears a train whistle change pitch as the train passes by. Which wave phenomenon does this illustrate?

a)

Reflection

b)

Doppler effect

c)

Diffraction

d)

Polarization

36.

A hospital technician must choose between x-rays and radio waves for imaging bones. Which is the better choice and why?

a)

X-rays, because they have higher energy and can penetrate tissues to image bones

b)

Radio waves, because they are safer and provide clearer images of bones

c)

X-rays, because they are less energetic and safer

d)

Radio waves, because they are used in microwave ovens

37.

A student notices that when two speakers play the same note, there are points in the room where the sound is very loud and others where it is very quiet. What is the best explanation for this observation?

a)

The speakers are malfunctioning

b)

The sound waves are interfering, creating constructive and destructive interference

c)

The sound waves are being refracted by the air

d)

The sound waves are being absorbed by the walls

38.

A lifeguard at a pool notices that waves created by a swimmer travel faster in deeper water than in shallow water. Using your knowledge of wave propagation, what could be a reason for this?

a)

The frequency of the waves increases in deeper water

b)

The speed of surface waves depends on the depth of the water, with deeper water allowing faster propagation

c)

The amplitude of the waves is greater in shallow water

d)

The wavelength decreases in deeper water

39.

A student is given a wave with a frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 0.2 m. The student calculates the speed as v=fλv = f \lambda . What is the speed, and what does this calculation demonstrate about the relationship between frequency and wavelength?

a)

10 m/s; as frequency increases, speed decreases

b)

10 m/s; as frequency increases, wavelength decreases if speed is constant

c)

0.25 m/s; as frequency increases, wavelength increases

d)

250 m/s; as frequency increases, speed increases

40.

A scientist wants to study the structure of distant galaxies. Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum and which device should they use, and why?

a)

X-rays and x-ray machine, because x-rays can penetrate dust clouds

b)

Radio waves and radio telescope, because radio waves can travel through interstellar dust and reveal galaxy structure

c)

Microwaves and microwave oven, because microwaves are used for communication

d)

Visible light and telescope, because visible light shows all details

41.

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum is visible to the human eye?

a)

Gamma rays

b)

Visible light

c)

X-rays

d)

Radio waves

42.

What is the law that describes the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection for a plane mirror?

a)

Snell's Law

b)

Law of Reflection

c)

Malus's Law

d)

Heisenberg Principle

43.

Which phenomenon is explained by the photon model of light?

a)

Diffraction

b)

Photoelectric effect

c)

Refraction

d)

Polarization

44.

Malus's Law is most directly related to which property of light?

a)

Reflection

b)

Polarization

c)

Refraction

d)

Diffraction

45.

Which of the following is an application of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?

a)

Quantum computing

b)

Reflection in mirrors

c)

Refraction in lenses

d)

Malus's Law

46.

True or False: The emission spectrum of hydrogen consists of only one color.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

True or False: A plane mirror always produces a virtual image.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

True or False: The photoelectric effect can be explained by the wave model of light alone.

a)

True

b)

False

49.

True or False: 3-D movie glasses use polarization to separate images for each eye.

a)

True

b)

False

50.

True or False: Quantum phenomena have no impact on cybersecurity.

a)

True

b)

False

51.

A student observes the emission spectra of sodium and hydrogen. What can the student infer about the energy levels of these atoms?

a)

Both have identical energy levels.

b)

Each atom has unique energy levels, resulting in different spectra.

c)

The spectra are random and unrelated to energy levels.

d)

Both spectra are continuous.

52.

A ray of light passes from air into a thin convex lens. What happens to the direction of the light ray?

a)

It continues straight without bending.

b)

It bends towards the normal.

c)

It bends away from the normal.

d)

It disappears.

53.

A scientist shines light of different frequencies onto a metal surface and observes electrons being emitted only above a certain frequency. What does this demonstrate?

a)

The wave nature of light

b)

The photoelectric effect

c)

Reflection

d)

Refraction

54.

A student uses two polarizing filters and rotates one of them. The intensity of light passing through changes. Which law explains this observation?

a)

Snell's Law

b)

Malus's Law

c)

Law of Reflection

d)

Heisenberg Principle

55.

Which of the following is a real-life application of quantum phenomena in cybersecurity?

a)

Using polarized sunglasses

b)

Quantum key distribution for secure communication

c)

Using a magnifying glass

d)

Making holograms

56.

A student notices that the emission spectrum of neon is different from that of hydrogen. What reasoning best explains this difference?

a)

Neon and hydrogen have different numbers of electrons and energy levels.

b)

Both have the same energy levels but different temperatures.

c)

The spectra are affected only by the color of the light.

d)

The difference is due to the shape of the container.

57.

A person stands in front of a plane mirror. If they move closer to the mirror, how does the size and orientation of their image change? Use reasoning to explain.

a)

The image becomes larger and inverted.

b)

The image remains the same size and upright.

c)

The image becomes smaller and upright.

d)

The image disappears.

58.

A scientist wants to increase the number of electrons emitted in the photoelectric effect experiment. Which change would be most effective, and why?

a)

Increase the frequency of light, because higher frequency means more energy per photon.

b)

Increase the intensity of light, because more photons hit the surface.

c)

Decrease the frequency of light, because lower frequency is better.

d)

Use a different metal, because all metals emit the same number of electrons.

59.

A student is designing sunglasses that reduce glare from horizontal surfaces. Using your understanding of polarization, which orientation should the polarizing filter have, and why?

a)

Vertical, because reflected light is mostly horizontally polarized.

b)

Horizontal, because reflected light is mostly vertically polarized.

c)

Diagonal, because it blocks all light.

d)

No filter is needed.

60.

A company wants to use quantum computing to improve data security. Based on your knowledge of quantum phenomena, what advantage does quantum computing offer for cybersecurity?

a)

It makes computers run faster, but does not affect security.

b)

It allows for unbreakable encryption using quantum key distribution.

c)

It helps in making better mirrors.

d)

It improves the color of computer screens.

61.

A 5 C and 8 C are 8 m apart. What is the force between them?

a)

5.625 x 109

b)

5.625 x 10-9

c)

4.5 x 1010

d)

4.5 x 10-10

62.

A charge of 3 C is 27 m away from another charge. They exert a force of -2.59 x 108 N on each other. What is the 2nd charge?

a)

5 C

b)

-5 C

c)

7 C

d)

-7 C

63.

A charge of 3.0 C is 27 m away from another charge. They exert a repulsive force of 2.59 x 108 N on each other. What is the 2nd charge?

a)

5 C

b)

-5 C

c)

7 C

d)

-7 C

64.

A 5 C and 8 C charge give off a force of 2.5 x 109 N. What is the distance between them?

a)

11 m

b)

12 m

c)

121 m

d)

144 m

65.
When distance increases, electrostatic force ____________; we call this relationship ____________ proportional
a)
decreases;directly
b)
decreases;inversely
c)
increases;inversely
d)
increases;directly
66.

A 5 C and 8 C are 8 m apart. What is the force between them?

a)

5.625 x 109

b)

5.625 x 10-9

c)

4.5 x 1010

d)

4.5 x 10-10

67.

Which of the following best describes the behavior of light as it passes through a polarizing filter?

a)

It is reflected in all directions

b)

It increases in frequency

c)

It is absorbed completely

d)

It vibrates in a single plane

68.

What happens to the resistance of a circuit if more resistors are added in parallel?

a)

The circuit stops working

b)

The total resistance decreases

c)

The total resistance stays the same

d)

The total resistance increases

69.

Which phenomenon explains why a straw appears bent when placed in a glass of water?

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction

c)

Interference

d)

Diffraction

70.

Which of the following best describes the difference between transverse and longitudinal waves?

a)

Both types of waves oscillate in the same direction as propagation

b)

Neither type of wave requires a medium to travel

c)

Transverse waves oscillate perpendicular to the direction of propagation, while longitudinal waves oscillate parallel

d)

Transverse waves oscillate parallel to the direction of propagation, while longitudinal waves oscillate perpendicular

71.

What happens to the wavelength of a sound wave if its frequency increases while the speed remains constant?

a)

The wavelength stays the same

b)

The wavelength decreases

c)

The wavelength increases

d)

The wavelength becomes zero

72.

Which property of a wave determines its loudness in the case of sound waves?

a)

Frequency

b)

Wavelength

c)

Amplitude

d)

Speed

73.

Which type of electromagnetic wave is most suitable for treating cancerous tumors deep inside the body?

a)

Gamma rays

b)

Infrared rays

c)

Radio waves

d)

Visible light

74.

True or False: In a series circuit, the current is the same through all components.

a)

True

b)

False

75.

Which phenomenon causes a straw to appear bent when placed in a glass of water?

a)

Refraction

b)

Reflection

c)

Diffraction

d)

Polarization

76.

What type of wave is light considered to be?

a)

Longitudinal wave

b)

Sound wave

c)

Transverse wave

d)

Mechanical wave

77.

Which phenomenon explains why a straw appears bent when placed in a glass of water?

a)

Interference

b)

Refraction

c)

Diffraction

d)

Reflection

78.

Which device is commonly used to detect the presence of electric current in a circuit?

a)

Galvanometer

b)

Voltmeter

c)

Barometer

d)

Thermometer

79.

Which law states that the total electric charge in an isolated system remains constant?

a)

Ohm's law

b)

Conservation of charge

c)

Coulomb's law

d)

Law of universal gravitation

80.

What happens to the resistance of a wire if its length is doubled and its cross-sectional area is halved?

a)

It becomes four times greater

b)

It becomes half as great

c)

It becomes twice as great

d)

It stays the same

81.

True or False: Magnetic forces can act at a distance without the objects being in contact.

a)

False

b)

True

82.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance in an electric circuit?

a)

Current equals voltage divided by resistance

b)

Current equals resistance divided by voltage

c)

Voltage equals current divided by resistance

d)

Resistance equals voltage times current

83.

When light passes from air into water, which phenomenon causes the light to change direction?

a)

Polarization

b)

Diffraction

c)

Refraction

d)

Reflection

84.

Which device is used to measure the electric current flowing through a circuit?

a)

Barometer

b)

Ammeter

c)

Thermometer

d)

Voltmeter

85.

What happens to the current in a circuit if the resistance is doubled while the voltage remains constant?

a)

The current doubles

b)

The current is halved

c)

The current stays the same

d)

The current becomes zero

86.

Which type of electromagnetic wave has the shortest wavelength?

a)

Infrared waves

b)

Microwaves

c)

Radio waves

d)

Gamma rays

87.

When light passes through a narrow slit and spreads out, which wave behavior is being demonstrated?

a)

Refraction

b)

Diffraction

c)

Polarization

d)

Reflection

88.

Which of the following phenomena demonstrates the wave-particle duality of light?

a)

Reflection from a mirror

b)

Photoelectric effect

c)

Heating by conduction

d)

Magnetic induction

89.

True or False: The current in a series circuit is the same through all components.

a)

False

b)

True

90.

Which statement best describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength for electromagnetic waves in a vacuum?

a)

As frequency increases, wavelength increases

b)

As frequency increases, wavelength decreases

c)

Frequency and wavelength are unrelated

d)

Both frequency and wavelength remain constant

91.

Which phenomenon demonstrates that light can behave as both a wave and a particle?

a)

Photoelectric effect

b)

Diffraction

c)

Reflection

d)

Refraction

92.

True or False: Polarization of light can only occur with transverse waves.

a)

True

b)

False

93.

Which of the following best describes the Balmer series in the hydrogen emission spectrum?

a)

It consists of X-ray lines

b)

It consists of visible light lines

c)

It consists of ultraviolet lines

d)

It consists of infrared lines

94.

Which law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points?

a)

Faraday's Law

b)

Hooke's Law

c)

Ohm's Law

d)

Newton's Law

95.

What happens to the total resistance when more resistors are added in parallel to a circuit?

a)

It stays the same

b)

It becomes infinite

c)

It decreases

d)

It increases

96.

Which of the following best describes the function of a capacitor in an electric circuit?

a)

It increases resistance

b)

It measures electric current

c)

It converts electrical energy to mechanical energy

d)

It stores electrical energy

97.

Which of the following best describes a transverse wave?

a)

A wave that cannot transfer energy

b)

A wave in which particle displacement is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation

c)

A wave that only travels through solids

d)

A wave in which particle displacement is parallel to the direction of wave propagation

98.

What happens to the total resistance when more resistors are added in parallel to a circuit?

a)

The total resistance increases

b)

The total resistance decreases

c)

The circuit stops working

d)

The total resistance stays the same

99.

Which phenomenon explains the bending of a wave as it passes from one medium to another?

a)

Diffraction

b)

Refraction

c)

Reflection

d)

Interference

100.
What variable is a Coulomb the unit for?
a)
Charge
b)
Force
c)
Distance
d)
Mass

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