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WorksheetsRegents Review Units 5 - 8
Total questions: 148
Worksheet time: 5hrs 51mins
Which of the following is an example of an igneous rock?
Limestone
Granite
Sandstone
Shale
What is the main process by which sedimentary rocks are formed?
Melting
Cooling
Compaction and cementation
Sublimation
Which property is commonly used to identify minerals by observing the color of their powdered form?
Luster
Streak
Cleavage
Hardness
Which mineral is the hardest on the Mohs hardness scale?
Quartz
Talc
Diamond
Gypsum
A student finds a rock with visible layers and small pebbles cemented together. Which type of rock is it most likely to be?
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Volcanic
Which process in the rock cycle would most likely change granite into gneiss?
Melting
Weathering
Metamorphism
Erosion
When a mineral breaks along curved or irregular surfaces; a rough break
hardness
cleavage
fracture
streak
A measure of the ability of a mineral's resistance to being scratched.
density
cleavage
hardness
special properties
Bright, reflective, super shiny luster. Example: Galena
Submetallic
Metallic
Nonmetallic
Shiny
When a mineral breaks along smooth, even surfaces.
density
special properties
hardness
cleavage
Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with the slow cooling of magma?
A
B
C
D
Which type of rock is most likely to contain fossils?
granite
shale
gneiss
metaconglomerate
The rock shown above has a foliated texture and contains the minerals amphibole, quartz, and feldspar arranged in coarse-grained bands. Which rock is shown?
slate
dunite
gneiss
quartzite
Which physical characteristic best describes the rock phyllite?
glassy texture with gas pockets
clastic texture with angular fragments
bioclastic texture with cemented shell fragments
foliated texture with microscopic mica crystals
Slate is formed by the
foliation of schist
metamorphism of shale
deposition of chlorite and mica
folding and faulting of gneiss
A—cleavage; B—hardness; C—streak
A—cleavage; B—streak; C—hardness
A—streak; B—cleavage; C—hardness
A—streak; B—hardness; C—cleavage
Which two processes formed this rock?
compaction and cementation
melting and solidification
heating and application of pressure
folding and faulting
The obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed from a magma that cooled
slowly, deep below Earth's surface
quickly, deep below Earth's surface
quickly, on Earth's surface
slowly, on Earth's surface
Which rock is of felsic composition, low in density, light in color, and coarse grained?
gabbro
granite
rhyolite
basalt
A mafic igneous rock is most likely to be relatively
low in density and dark in color
high in density and light in color
low in density and light in color
high in density and dark in color
Limestone, gypsum, and salt are rocks formed by the processes of
weathering and metamorphism
evaporation and precipitation
melting and solidification
erosion and deposition
In which set are the rock drawings labeled with their correct rock types?
16. What is the parent rock of marble?
A. shale
B. obsidian
C. quartz sandstone
D. limestone
17. Which igneous rock cooled slowly deep within the Earth's crust and has a light color and low density
A. granite
B. rhyolite
C. diabase
D. basalt
20. What characteristic would only apply to an igneous rock that formed from rapid cooling of lava?
A. gas pockets
B. coarse grains
C. dark color
D. low density
21. Which mineral bubbles with acid?
A. calcite
B. garnet
C. hematite
D. galena
How is an igneous rock formed
heat and pressure
5 step formation
magma or lava cools and hardens
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
heat and pressure
5 step formation
magma or lava cools and hardens
Describe how the cooling rates affect the crystal grain size
longer to cool=larger crystal sizes
quicker to cool=smaller crystal sizes
longer to cool=small crystal sizes
quicker to cool=large crystal sizes
Chemical weathering will occur the fastest in a climate that is...
Cold and dry
Cold and wet
Warm and dry
Warm and wet
Which rock layer is MOST resistant?
A
B
C
D
Which rock layer is LEAST resistant?
A
B
C
D
Solid bedrock is changed to soil primarily by the process of...
erosion
weathering
infiltration
transpiration
Frost action happens because when water freezes, it...
Expands
Contracts
Stays the same size
Frost action is an example of
Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
This is an example of
Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
What is this a picture of?
Oxbow lake
Sand dune
Delta
Oxidation
What is the name of the feature in the left side of the picture?
Oxbow lake
Sand dune
Delta
Oxidation
Deposition takes place at...
A
B
C
Which agent of erosion creates V-shaped valleys?
Wind
Rivers
Waves
Glaciers
As permeability increases
Infiltration decreases and runoff decreases
Infiltration increases and runoff decreases
Infiltration decreases and runoff increases
Infiltration increases and runoff increases
What type of sediment tends to be the most impermeable?
sand
clay
silt
rocks
If particle size decreases, permeability
decreases
increases
remains the same
will sometime decrease and other times increase
Flash flooding often occurs in city areas because
Roads, pavements, and buildings reduce the infiltration of water into the ground
Ground water storage is usually very large
runoff decreases during precipitation
The heat generated by city areas decreases actual evapotranspiration
In the diagram, letter A best represents:
Runoff
Watershed
Water Table
Confining Layer
Where is the water table located?
at the top of the saturated zone
between layers of impermeable rock
in the unsaturated zone
below layers of clay
Number 1 Represents
Water table
Zone of Aeration
Zone of Saturation
Soil Moisture
Number 3 represents
Soil Moisture
Zone of Saturation
Water Table
Zone of Aeration
All the water on and in the Earht's crust make up . . .
groundwater
surface water
the hydrosphere
the zone of saturation
Soil is composed of three particle sizes. Which answer shows the arrangement from smallest to largest?
Sand, Silt, Clay
Clay, Silt, Sand
Sandy, Clay, Silt
Silt, Sand, Clay
Snow compacts and forms a large mass of moving, flowing ice called a(n)
iceberg
snowfield
glacier
ice sheet
Gravity causes glaciers to move
uphill
downhill
to the bottom of the ocean
sideways
____ is the evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant.
transpiration
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
______ are long, parallel scratches into rock due to the abrasive action of glaciers.
striations
till
moraines
hanging valley
Which component would increase the speed of the glacier?
ablation
colder climate
colder ice
warmer climate
Due to glaciation, a once narrow V-shaped valley is changed into a _______ glacial trough.
U-shaped
stratified
lateral
V-shaped
What formed this structure?
ice
water
wind
organisms
The result of this glacier will be a(n) ____.
U-shaped valley with scratched bedrock
U-shaped valley with round sediments
V-shaped valley with scratched bedrock
V-shaped valley with round sediments
A land slide is an example of ____.
wind abrasion
wave action
glacial deposition
mass movement
The area of land drained by this river and its tributaries is best described as the river's
topography
watershed
water table
floodplain
Which cross section best represents a plateau landscape region?
New York's Tug Hill landscape region is classified as a plateau because this region has a
high elevation with distorted bedrock
high elevation with nearly horizontal layers of bedrock
low elevation with distorted bedrock
low elevation with nearly horizontal layers of bedrock
The cross section below shows the general bedrock structure of an area containing three different landscape regions, A, B, and C.
Which list correctly identifies the type of landscapes represented by letters A, B, and C?
A = plain, B = plateau, C = mountain
A = mountain, B = plateau, C = plain
A = mountain, B = plain, C = plateau
A = plateau, B = plain, C = mountain
Which landscape surface resulted primarily from erosion by glaciers?
The satellite photograph below shows the Mississippi River entering into the Gulf of Mexico. Arrows show the direction of river flow.
This depositional feature in the Gulf of Mexico is best identified as
a delta
a sandbar
a barrier island
an outwash plain
The diagram below represents a geologic landscape. Which type of stream drainage pattern formed on this landscape?
The block diagram below represents the under-lying bedrock structure of a landscape region. Which diagram represents the most likely stream drainage pattern on the surface of this landscape?
The map below shows a stream drainage pattern. Arrows show the direction of stream flow. On which landscape region did this drainage pattern most likely develop?
The cross sections represent how a present-day glacial landscape feature was formed in Mendon Ponds Park and its appearance at present. Which glacial landscape feature is indicated in the present-day cross section?
Esker
Kame
Finger lake
Kettle lake
The diagram represents a side view of a hill (drumlin) that was deposited by a glacier on the Atlantic coast. This hill is most likely composed of
cemented sediments
unsorted sediments
vertically layered sediments
horizontally layered sediments
The map below shows coastal features of a portion of Long Island, New York. Point A represents a location on a landscape feature that resulted from wave action and long shore currents. On which landscape feature is point A located?
Moraine
Delta
Barrier Island
Floodplain
Which New York State landscape region is located at 42o N, 75o W?
Erie-Ontario Lowlands
Hudson-Mohawk Lowlands
The Catskills
Tug Hill Plateau
Which two locations are in the same New York state landscape region?
Albany and Old Forge
Massena and Mt. Marcy
Binghamton and New York City
Jamestown and Ithaca
In which New York State landscape region is Albany located?
Catskills
Taconic Mountains
Hudson-Mohawk Lowlands
Chaplain Lowlands
What is the largest particle that can generally be transported by a stream moving 200 centimeters per second?
boulder
cobble
pebble
sand
What is the minimum rate of flow at which a stream of water can maintain the transportation of pebbles 1.0 centimeter in diameter?
50 cm/sec
100 cm/sec
150 cm/sec
200 cm/sec
Which particles will be transported by a stream moving at a velocity of 5 cm/s?
pebbles, sand, silt, and clay, only
sand, silt, and clay, only
silt and clay, only
clay, only
Long Island is part of which New York State landscape region?
Newark Lowlands
Manhattan Prong
Tug Hill Plateau
Atlantic Coastal Plain
Which two locations are found in the same geographic province?
Albany and Old Forge
Elmira and Riverhead
Jamestown and Slide Mountain
Massena and Mount Marcy
The aerial photograph shows an elongated hill near the Finger Lakes formed by deposition in New York State.
The elongated hill is best identified as a
kettle lake
moraine
sand dune
drumlin
The aerial photograph shows small, circular bodies of water surrounded by sediment in an area that was once covered by glaciers.
These bodies are water are known as
Finger Lakes
Kettle Lakes
Drumlins
Outwash Plains
This picture is a ....
plain
mountain
plateau
This picture is a ...
plain
mountain
plateau
This picture is a ....
mountain
plateau
plain
Which city is located in the Allegheny Plateau?
Plattsburgh
Oswego
Binghamton
Niagara Falls
Which city is located in the St. Lawrence Lowlands?
Kingston
Massena
Rochester
Albany
In which New York State landscape region is Niagara Falls located?
Tug Hill Plateau
St. Lawrence Lowlands
Allegheny Plateau
Erie-Ontario Lowlands
How is an igneous intrusion formed?
Magma cuts through rock, cools and hardens
It is deposited as layers
By lots of heat and pressure
It is weathered and eroded
What is the order of the events from oldest to youngest?
A, M, E, L, C, S, H, D
A, M, E, L, D, H, C, S
S, C, D, L, H, E, M, A
A, M, E, H, L, D, C, S
What are the two characteristics necessary for a fossil to be classified as an index fossil?
lived for a short amount of time and was widespread
lived for a long amount of time and was widespread
lived for a short amount of time in a small area
lived for a long amount of time in a small area
According to fossil evidence, which sequence shows the order in which these four life-forms first appeared on Earth?
reptiles, amphibians, insects, fish
insects, fish, reptiles, amphibians
amphibians, reptiles, fish, insects
fish, insects, amphibians, reptiles
The division of Earth's geologic history into units of time called eons, eras, periods, and epochs is based on
absolute dating techniques
climatic changes
fossil evidence
seismic data
During which time period in Earth's geologic history did the initial opening of the Atlantic Ocean occur?
Cambrian
Paleogene
Jurassic
Permian
Which of the following fossils can be found in the Devonian time period?
Elliptocephala
Tetragraptus
Lichenaria
Phacops
What is the correct order of the following geologic time units from largest to smallest?
Period, Era, Epoch, Eon
Eon, Era, Period, Epoch
Era, Eon, Period, Epoch
Epoch, Period, Era, Eon
Which principle states that in undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the oldest layers are at the bottom?
Principle of Superposition
Principle of Original Horizontality
Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships
Principle of Faunal Succession
Which of the following orders the rock layers accurately from oldest to youngest?
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
5, 4, 3, 2, 1
2, 3, 4, 5, 1
1, 2, 3, 5, 4
Trilobites are found in the _____________ era.
Cenozoic
Mesozoic
Paleozoic
Cretaceous
Which graph shows the relative duration of geologic time for Earth's history?
1
2
3
4
Which of the following is the oldest period of the Mesozoic Era?
Cretaceous
Jurassic
Triassic
Permian
When did the Jurassic period end? mya = millions of years ago
0.01 mya
146 mya
66.5 mya
23.0 mya
During which period did the earliest insects appear on Earth?
Jurassic
Ordovician
Devonian
Silurian
When did a mass extinction of dinosaurs and many land plants occur? mya= millions of years ago
66 mya
251 mya
4.6 mya
440 mya
Which important event on Earth was occurring during the same period that the Mucrospirifer Fossil appeared?
Alleghenian Orogeny
Pangea begins to break up
Advance and retreat of last continental ice
Acadian Orogeny
Humans have existed for ________ of Earth's history
Roughly 10%
Less than 1%
All
50%
A teacher gave students this diagram of rock layers. The teacher directed the students to determine the relative age of each rock layer based only on the information presented in the diagram. Which method can BEST be used by the students to determine the relative age of these layers?
radiometric dating
rock type evaluation
the law of superposition
principle of uniformitarianism
Which of the following causes Earth's tectonic plates to move?
Energy from the Sun
Magnetic Pole Reversal
Convection currents in the mantle
Faults in Mountain Ranges
What occurs when two plates come together and the denser one is forced under back into the mantle?
reduction
conduction
subduction
convection
The Aleutian Trench was created by
convergence of the Pacific and North American plates.
convergence of the Pacific and Eurasian plates
divergence of the Pacific and North American plates.
divergence of the Pacific and Eurasian plates
Which type of crust is more mafic?
Oceanic
Continental
Which type of crust is mostly composed of Granite and Rhyolite?
Oceanic
Continental
Which type of crust is more dense?
Oceanic
Continental
Which type of crust is thicker?
Oceanic
Continental
Most volcanoes and earthquakes on Earth occur
at hot spots.
at plate boundaries.
at the center of large plates.
at the edge of continents.
Alternating parallel bands of normal and reversed magnetic polarity are found in the basaltic bedrock on either side of the
Peru Chile Trench
Galapagos Hot Spot
San Andreas Fault
Mid Atlantic Ridge
Trenches occur at which type of plate boundary?
Convergent (continental-continental)
Convergent (Subduction) continental-oceanic
Transform
Divergent
Ridges occur at which type of plate boundary?
Convergent (continental-continental)
Convergent (Subduction) continental-oceanic
Transform
Divergent
These type of body waves can only travel through solids...
Love waves
Rayleigh waves
Primary waves
Secondary waves
Rank the seismic waves in order of appearance when an earthquake first occurs as measured by a seismograph.
S waves, P waves, then surface waves
P waves, S waves, then surface waves
S and P waves at the same time, then surface waves
Surface waves, then S and P waves at the same time
Which area of the Earth is least dense ?
Outer core
inner core
mantle
crust
Refraction of a seismic wave is...
the linear propagation of seismic waves through all materials at the same rate
the deflection or bending of the path of a seismic wave caused by its passage from one material to another
the absorption of energy of a seismic wave after an earthquake
Which layer of earth is molten (liquid metal)?
inner core
outer core
crust
lithosphere
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
crust, outer core, inner core, mantle
mantle, outer core, inner core, crust
crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
outer core, inner core, crust, mantle
