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WorksheetsHESI a2
Total questions: 124
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
Which of the following occurs when the sympathetic nervous system is stimulated?
Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion slows down
Heart rate decreases, pupils constrict, digestion increases
Heart rate increases, pupils constrict, digestion slows down
Heart rate increases, pupils dilate, digestion increases
Which of the following glands secrete earwax?
Ceruminous
Salivary
Sebaceous
Eccrine
What is the function of endocrine glands?
They secrete hormones directly into the blood.
They secrete products directly into a duct that carries the products to where they are needed.
They are a group of cells that respond to specific hormones.
They transmit nerve impulses between parts of the body.
The internal reproductive organs are located in which of the following anatomical regions?
Pelvic
Thoracic
Brachial
Femoral
Where is the popliteal artery located?
Below the jaw line between the trachea and sternomastoid muscle
Behind the knee
On the underside of the wrist
Near the top of the cubital fossa
Which of the following is defined as “a group of similar cells and their intercellular matrix that carry out a specific function together?”
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Neuroglia
What is erythropoiesis and where does it occur?
The formation of red blood cells; Red bone marrow
The formation of red blood cells; Heart
The formation of bile; Liver
The formation of white blood cells; Spleen
Which of the following male reproductive organs is also a part of the urinary system?
Ureter
Urethra
Vas deferens
Epidiymis
The shoulder is an example of which type of synovial joint?
Saddle
Hinge
Ball-and-socket
Pivot
What is the purpose of gastric mucous?
To prevent pathogens from being absorbed by the stomach lining and into the bloodstream.
To protect the stomach lining from acid and digestive enzymes.
To help break down fibrous foods.
To trap waste products to be turned into fecal matter.
Which of the following is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration that can lead to muscular fatigue, muscle cramps, muscle pain, or a burning sensation in the muscles?
Hydrochloric acid
Folic acid
Lactic acid
Citric acid
Which of the following is not a bone of the lower extremities?
Femur
Tibia
Ulna
Fibula
Which organelle is responsible for regulating the transport of substances in and out of the cell?
Nucleus
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Cell membrane
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
A sprain occurs when which of the following structures is stretched or torn?
Muscle
Fibrous joint
Tendon
Ligament
Which of the following muscles is located towards the outer side of the leg?
Vastus lateralis
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Gracilis
Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?
Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing anteriorly
Standing upright, facing the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing posteriorly
Standing upright, facing away from the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed outward, and the palms facing anteriorly.
Standing upright, facing away from the observer, upper extremities at the body's sides, feet flat and directed forward, and the palms facing towards anteriorly.
Which bones form via intramembranous ossification?
The flat bones of the skull, the mandible, and clavicles
The ulna, radius, and carpals
The manubrium and xyphoid process
The malleus, incus, and stapes
Which of the following organelles would you expect to find an abundance of in leukocytes?
Golgi bodies
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Mitochondria
Where does digestion begin in the alimentary canal?
Small intestine
Esophagus
Stomach
Oral Cavity
Which of the following lists the correct pathway of blood through the circulatory system?
Right ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium
Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body tissues, vena cava, right atrium
Right ventricle, aorta, systemic circuit, vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle, lungs, right atrium
Left ventricle, vena cava, systemic circuit, aorta, right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium
The carpals articulate with the distal ends of which two bones?
Tarsals and metatarsals
Metacarpals and phalanges
Tibia and fibula
Radius and ulna
A patient with a lower than normal amount of thrombocytes could be at risk of ____________.
unnecessary blood clotting
extensive bleeding
fatigue and shortness of breath
inability to fight infection
A patient who is on a plant-based diet complains that their skin is appearing to take on a yellowish color. Which of the following foods would you expect the patient to have eaten a large amount of?
Cabbage
Soda
Shellfish
Carrots
What does the presence of antidiuretic hormone stimulate?
The release of water into the bladder to be voided as urine
Calcium reabsorption by the nephrons
Water reabsorption from the urinary filtrate
The increase of calcium levels in the blood
Which of the following types of cancer would present warning signs that are identified using the ABCDE method?
Basal cell carcinoma
Leukemia
Melanoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Which of the following muscles pulls a body part away from the midline of the body?
Abductors
Extensors
Flexors
Adductors
Which of the following options correctly lists the layers of the epidermis from the most superficial to the deepest layer?
Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum germinativum
Stratum germinativum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum, stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum germinativum, stratum corneum
Stratum germinativum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum
In which of the following reproductive structures does the fertilization of an ovum occur?
Endometrium
Fallopian tube
Uterus
Corpus luteum
Which type of tissue is most widely distributed throughout the body?
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Which of the following structures is part of the upper respiratory system?
Trachea
Lungs
Pharynx
Bronchi
The malleus, incus, and stapes are bones found in the _________.
Leg
Neck
Ear
Arm
Which of the four chambers of the heart has the thickest muscular wall?
Left atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Right atrium
How does serotonin affect the body?
It stimulates the uterine muscles to contract during childbirth and promotes lactation.
It helps to regulate urine output and maintains osmolarity.
It helps to regulate motivation, euphoria, and fine motor function.
It helps to regulate mood, anxiety, sleep, memory, and appetite.
Which organ is responsible for most of the nutrient absorption in the body?
Gall bladder
Stomach
Large intestine
Small intestine
Which of the following is located in the thoracic cavity?
The urinary and reproductive organs
The mediastinum
The small intestine
The adrenal glands
Where is the tibialis anterior located?
The front of the upper extremities
The front of the lower extremities
The back of the lower extremities
The back of the upper extremities
Urine travels from the kidney to the urinary bladder through which structure?
Collecting ducts
Ureter
Urethra
Nephron
Which of the following best describes the function of the mitral valve?
Lets blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium
Lets blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle
Lets blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle
Lets blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium
A patient complains of decreased sensation in the distal part of their arm and an inability to adduct and abduct their fingers. Based on these symptoms, which nerve is most likely compromised?
Femoral
Olfactory
Ulnar
Tibial
The elbow is what type of joint?
Ball-and-socket
Hinge
Planar
Pivot
Which of the following best describes the primary function of hemoglobin?
Engages in the process of phagocytosis
Detects increases in carbon dioxide and decreases in oxygen in the blood
Regulates balance and thermoregulation
Carries oxygen to tissues and organs
What is the function of the sebaceous glands?
To secrete the aqueous layer of the tear film to lubricate the eye.
To secrete earwax to protect the ear from bacteria and viruses.
To secrete oil that lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
To secrete a watery substance onto the surface of the skin to regulate body temperature.
Which of the following is a molecule carrying genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction for all organisms?
Ribosomes
DNA
RNA
Nucleus
Which type of connection do ligaments create?
Muscle to organ
Muscle to muscle
Muscle to bone
Bone to bone
A patient complaining of pain in their sternum reveals that they were recently in a mild car accident. Which of the following structures may have been injured in the accident?
Fontanelle
Xiphoid process
Vomer
Vastus lateralis
Which part of the brain is involved in processing auditory information?
Temporal lobe
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Which important minerals are stored within the skeletal system?
Calcium and iron
Calcium and phosphorous
Calcium and sodium
Calcium and carbon
Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is false?
Growth of pubic and axillary hair is induced by testosterone and estrogen.
The adrenal glands secrete cortisol and aldosterone.
Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are stored in and secreted by the posterior pituitary gland.
The hypothalamus is commonly known as the "master gland."
Which plane divides the body into left and right sides?
Sagittal
Frontal
Transverse
Coronal
Which of the following cell organelles is correctly paired with its function?
Nucleus/ Intracellular digestion
Lysosomes/ ATP production
Mitochondria/ Cell division
Ribosome/ Protein synthesis
T-lymphocytes are developed by which of the following glands?
Lymph nodes
Thyroid
Thymus
Hypothalamus
What is secreted by the adrenal glands?
Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
Cortisol and aldosterone
Progesterone and estrogen
Oxytocin only
Which of the types of tissue is responsible for providing the matrix that supports and connects other tissues of the body?
Epithelial tissue
Muscle tissue
Nerve tissue
Connective tissue
Which of the following describes cellular respiration?
It is an oxidative catabolic activity
It is a reductive catabolic activity
It is an oxidative anabolic activity
It is a reductive anabolic activity
Which blood vessel returns blood from the lungs back to the heart?
Superior vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary vein
White blood cells contain many _________ because they need to dispose of harmful intruders such as bacteria and viruses. Which of the following options correctly completes the statement above?
Golgi
mitochondria
ribosomes
lysosomes
The pulse point located on the neck is palpated over which artery?
Carotid
Median cubital
Popliteal
Femoral
Which part of the eye allows us to see color?
Pupil
Iris
Retina
Aqueous humor
Which of the following organelles is responsible for digesting damaged cellular structures, as well as macromolecules and bacteria ingested by the cell?
Lysosomes
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Which of the following describes the distal region of the humerus?
The epiphysis that articulates with the radius and ulna
The epiphysis that articulates with the scapula
The diaphysis of the humerus
The proximal articulating cartilage
Mitosis occurs in which layer of the skin?
Keratin
Stratum corneum
Dermis
Stratum germinativum
Cerumen is secreted by apocrine glands located in which of the following structures?
The cochlea
The external auditory canal
The eustachian tube
The organ of corti
Which of the following could result from a damaged olfactory nerve?
Discomfort in the lumbar region
Distorted vision
Reduced sense of smell
Loss of sensation in the arm
Which of the following anatomical terms is correctly matched with its meaning?
carpal/foot
inguinal/neck
cranial/skull
cervical/wrist
Which of the following types of tissues functions in the covering, lining, and protection of surfaces and body cavities?
Nerve tissue
Epithelial tissue
Muscle tissue
Connective tissue
Which organelle is responsible for storing DNA?
Nucleus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Lysosomes
The respiratory system is composed of organs that facilitate gas exchange between the blood and the external environment. Which of the following describes the group of organs that function during gas exchange?
Organ System
Organelle
Organ
Tissue
What, in addition to adenosine triphosphate, must be present for a muscle to contract?
Lactate
Oxygen
Calcium
Sodium
Which of the following organ systems is correctly paired with its function?
Digestive/ waste elimination
Circulatory/ obtaining nutrients necessary for growth, energy and normal body processes
Excretory/ transport of substance to all tissues of the body
Endocrine/ regulation of homeostasis through hormone signaling
Which of the following causes bone matrix resorption in response to a decrease of calcium levels in the blood?
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoprogenitor
Osteoclasts
Which of the following is the name of the imaginary vertical plane that equally divides the body into left and right?
Coronal
Median
Transverse
Horizontal
Eccrine glands secrete a watery substance onto the surface of the skin to maintain temperature homeostasis through which process?
Absorption
Condensation
Evaporation
Precipitation
In what area of the body would you expect to find especially thick stratum corneum?
In the ear canal
On the scalp
Back of the hand
Heel of the foot
A patient reveals to you that they were recently involved in a car accident that they believe resulted in a deviated septum. Which of the following bones may have been injured in the accident, resulting in the deviated septum?
Vomer
Tibia
Maxilla
Manubrium
A tissue sample studied under a microscope exhibits the following characteristics: an extracellular matrix providing rigidity to the tissue, and the presence of lacunae. Which type of tissue is this?
Bone
Nervous
Epithelial
Adipose
Which of the following terms describes the process of forming new red blood cells?
Erythropoiesis
Hematopoiesis
Thrombopoiesis
Autopoiesis
Which glands release an oily secretion through the hair follicles that lubricates the skin and prevents drying?
Apocrine glands
Eccrine glands
Sebaceous glands
Ceruminous glands
Which of the following structures functions in directing sound waves into the ear?
Eardrum
External Auditory Canal
Auricle
Modiolus
What is one of the functions of the hypothalamus?
Regulating body temperature
Regulating calcium levels in the blood
Regulating blood sugar levels
Regulating heart rate and blood pressure
Listening to music stimulates which of the following organs?
Semicircular canals
Utricle
Saccule
Cochlea
The hormone __________ assists estrogen in stimulating the formation of the endometrium.
luteinizing hormone
oxytocin
testosterone
progesterone
Which of the following is the correct sequence of transport of filtrate from the nephrons to the renal pelvis?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule – Loop of Henle – Distal Convoluted Tubule – Collecting Duct – Minor Calyx – Major Calyx – Renal Pelvis
Collecting Duct – Proximal Convoluted Tubule – Loop of Henle – Distal Convoluted Tubule – Minor Calyx – Major Calyx – Renal Pelvis
Distal Convoluted Tubule – Proximal Convoluted Tubule – Loop of Henle – Collecting Duct – Minor Calyx – Major Calyx – Renal Pelvis
Minor Calyx – Major Calyx – Proximal Convoluted Tubule – Distal Convoluted Tubule – Loop of Henle – Collecting Duct – Renal Pelvis
Which structure in the epidermis is responsible for cooling the body to maintain temperature homeostasis?
Eccrine glands
Sebaceous glands
None of these
Ceruminous glands
What form of tissue provides support and structure for the organs?
Epithelial
Nervous
Muscle
Connective
The diaphragm is _________ to the lungs.
Posterior
Inferior
Superior
Anterior
In which part of the body would you find aqueous humor?
Throughout the lymphatic system
Between the lens and cornea in the eye
In the cavities of synovial joints
Within the mediastinum
The pharynx is a conduit for air and food. It is divided into three segments which contain lymphoid structures that play significant roles in protection and defense. Which segment of the pharynx contains the pharyngeal tonsils?
Nasopharynx
Laryngopharynx
Hypopharynx
Oropharynx
Which of the following salivary glands primarily contributes to the production and secretion of saliva?
Sublingual glands
Parotid glands
Submandibular glands
Lingual glands
Which structure lies between the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
Sternum
Mediastinum
Lungs
Diaphragm
What is the outermost layer of the epidermis?
Stratum germinativum
Stratum lucidum
Dermis
Stratum corneum
Which of the following about the hyoid bone is correct?
It is one of the three bones that comprise the bones of the ear, called ossicles.
It is located on the dorsal side of the body.
It is formed via intramembranous ossification.
It is the only bone that does not articulate with any other bone.
If the femoral artery was cut, which of the following blood vessels would not receive blood as a result?
Popliteal artery
Brachial artery
Iliac artery
Thoracic artery
Which of the following makes up the largest component of whole blood?
Plasma
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Platelets
Which system coordinates and regulates processes within the body through the use of hormones?
Muscular system
Endocrine system
Circulatory system
Respiratory system
Which blood vessel delivers blood directly into the right atrium?
Vena Cava
Coronary artery
Brachial artery
Aorta
Which of the following features of veins results in the venous system operating at lower pressures than the arterial side?
Veins have thicker, less compliant vessel walls than arteries.
Veins have thinner, more compliant vessel walls than arteries.
Veins carry oxygen-deficient blood.
Veins have valves.
Which of the following gets absorbed directly into the blood?
Vitamins
Amino Acids
Minerals
Fats
The anterior lobe of pituitary glands is called which of the following?
Infundibulum
Adenosine monophosphate
Adenohypophysis
Neurohypophysis
The components found in blood that carry out blood clotting are:
leukotrienes
leukocytes
neutrophils
thrombocytes
Which of the following is not a function of cortisol?
Inhibits the release of histamine
Release growth hormones
Raises blood sugar levels
Reduces inflammation
Which muscle is located towards the front of the lower leg?
Tibialis anterior
Tibialis posterior
Adductor longus
Vastus lateralis
The functions of the circulatory system include all of the following except:
to remove carbon dioxide from the body.
to distribute oxygen and nutrients to body tissues.
to distribute hormones throughout the body.
to deliver carbon dioxide to body tissues.
The tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi is called ____________.
Trachea
Alveoli
Pharynx
Diaphragm
Wrist bones are called which of the following?
Carpals
Metacarpals
Humerus
Phalanges
What type of animal tissue is composed of neurons and neuroglia?
Connective
Muscle
Epithelial
Nervous
Skeletal muscle work in pairs. The muscle that executes the given movement is called which of the following?
Voluntary muscle
Prime mover
Synergists
Antagonists
An irregular epiphysis at each end is present in which of the following?
Compact bone
A typical long bone
A short bone
Sesamoid bone
The heart consists of four chambers, which include _________________.
right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta, and vena cava
right atrium, left atrium, aorta, and vena cava
right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle
right ventricle, right atrium, vena cava, and aorta
The right atrium receives blood from the __________.
left atrium
right ventricle
aorta
vena cava
Which of the following acts as a store for fats and aids in bone function?
White blood cells
Granulocyte
Red bone marrow
Yellow bone marrow
Reabsorption of water and electrolytes occur in various parts of the renal tubules. In which segment is sodium mostly reabsorbed?
Distal Convoluted Tubules
Collecting Ducts
Proximal Convoluted Tubules
Loop of Henle
Stratum basale and stratum spinosum are included in which layer of the epidermis?
Stratum germinativum
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
What type of cell division occurs in the gonads?
Mitosis
Meiosis
Binary fission
Hemopeiosis
If you were to cut the body through the median plane, what type of sectioning would occur?
Proximal section
Cross section
Sagittal section
Frontal section
Which gland releases melatonin?
Ovaries
Pineal gland
Pituitary glands
Pancreas
Which of the following hormones is primarily produced and secreted by the male reproductive system?
Estrogen
Testosterone
Growth Hormone
Prolactin
The _______________ artery is located in the upper arm, and is a continuation of the ________________ artery.
brachial; axillary
brachial; carotid
carotid; axillary
axillary; brachial
What connects skin to superficial muscles?
Hypodermis
Stratum germinativum
Stratum corneum
Epidermis
Which of the following is the primary organ of the female reproductive system responsible for releasing mature eggs?
Fallopian tubes
Ovaries
Endometrium
Uterus
Which of the following is a primary function of the male and/or female reproductive systems?
To produce gametes
To regulate the process of mitosis
To transport blood and oxygen
To protect against infections
Which vertebrae fuse to form the sacrum?
Sacral vertebrae
Coccygeal vertebrae
Cervical vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
The _________________ carry oxygen rich blood away from the heart, while the ________________ carry oxygen-depleted blood back towards the heart.
arteries; veins
capillaries; veins
veins; arteries
veins; arterioles
Which exocrine gland produces sweat on the epidermal surface?
Eccrine
Apocrine
Sebaceous
Ceruminous
Which of the following muscles draw the limb away from the midline?
Flexors
Extensors
Adductors
Abductors
