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WorksheetsIGCSE Momentum
Total questions: 113
Worksheet time: 4hrs 53mins
What are possible units of momentum
N m
kg m/s
N s
N/s
A 10 kg cannonball is travelling at 50 m/s. What is its momentum?
5 kg m/s
500 kg m/s
5000 kg m/s
50000 kg m/s
What is the change in momentum of a 1200 kg car that accelerates from 5 m/s to 10 m/s?
6000 kg m/s
12000 kg m/s
240 kg m/s
120 kg m/s
During a serve, a tennis ball with a mass of 100 g is accelerated from 0 m/s to 50 m/s . If the tennis racket is in contact with the ball for 0.1 s, what is the average force exerted on the ball?
50000 N
0.5 N
500 N
50 N
A baseball, with a mass of 150 g travels towards the batman at 50 m/s. The batsman hits the ball in the opposite direction, also at 50 m/s. The bat is in contact with the ball for 0.015 seconds. Calculate the force exerted on the ball.
0 N
1000000 N
1000 N
0.225 N
Complete the paragraph with the correct words:
An airbag decreases the risk of injury to a driver or passenger by ........................ the time taken for the person's head to stop, therefore .......................... the rate of change of momentum. This .................... the force on the head.
decreases; increases; decreases
increases; increases; decreases
increases; decreases; decreases
increases; decreases; increases
Complete the paragraph:
A baseball player will move their hands back when they catch the ball. This ........................ the time taken for the ball to stop, which .......................... the rate of change of momentum of the ball. This ........................... the force on the player's hands.
increases; decreases; decreases
increases; increases; decreases
decreases; increases; decreases
decreases; decreases; decreases
A rollerskating granny skates towards and picks up her grandson, as shown in the diagram. Calculate the their speed after the collision.
3 m/s
12 m/s
6 m/s
4 m/s
A truck crashes into a stationary car as shown in the diagram. Calculate the velocity of the truck after the collision.
6 m/s
5 m/s
4 m/s
3 m/s
A rifle fires a bullet with a mass of 0.010 kg at a velocity of 300 m/s. Calculate the velocity with which the rifle recoils (moves backwards)
12 m/s
0.75 m/s
− 0.75 m/s
− 12 m/s
A 3000 kg truck and a 1000 kg car collide head on. Before the collision, the truck is travelling at 2 m/s to the right and the car is travelling at 4 m/s to the left. After the collision, the truck and car stick together and move with the same velocity. Calculate their velocity.
1 m/s
2.5 m/s
0.5 m/s
2 m/s
A truck and a car collide head-on. The force that the truck applies on the car is.....
greater than the force the car applies on the truck
less than the force the car applies on the truck
equal to the force the car applies on the truck
it is impossible to tell without knowing the masses and speeds of the car and truck
The Law of Conservation of Momentum states:
The total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after a collision.
The total momentum before a collision is greater than the total momentum after a collision.
The total momentum before a collision is less than the total momentum after a collision.
The total momentum before a collision is not related to the total momentum after a collision.
According to Newton's Laws, for every action there is an ....
equal and opposite reaction.
equal and parallel reaction.
unequal and opposite reaction.
unequal and unrelated reaction.
A 9 kg blob moving at 5 m/s collides and sticks to a second, stationary blob with a mass of 5 kg. If the two bobs stick together, what will the velocity of the two blobs move at?
3.57 m/s
3.2 m/s
10.0 m/s
9.0 m/s
A moment is...
a force measured in Newtons
a turning force measured in newton metres
a distance measured in metres
a time intervals measured in clicks
Two masses of mass 10.0 and 6.0 kg are hung from massless strings at the end of a light rod. The rod is virtually weightless. A pivot (fulcrum) is placed off center and the system is free to rotate. If the 6.0 kg mass is 4.0 m away from the pivot, how far away is the 10.0 kg mass if the system is not rotating?
0.42 m
2.4 m
4.8 m
4.2 m
Assuming the system is in equilibrium, calculate the missing distance d
3.4 m
2.8 m
4.4 m
1.6 m
The diagram shows a beam. Without any weights, the beam balances at its centre.
Three weights are hung as shown.
At which point does a load of 2 N balance the beam?
A
B
C
D
Calculate the unknown force X!
4.0 N
6.0 N
10 N
12 N
State the principle of moments.
When a system is in equilibrium, the sum of the total clockwise moment is equal to the sum of the total anti-clockwise moment about the same pivot.
When a system is in equilibrium, the sum of the total clockwise moment is greater the sum of the total anti-clockwise moment about the same pivot.
When a system is in equilibrium, the sum of the total clockwise moment is less than the sum of the total anti-clockwise moment about the same pivot.
When a system is in equilibrium, the sum of the total clockwise moment is equal to the sum of the total anti-clockwise moment about the different pivot.
What is the centre of gravity?
the point where gravity acts
the point where the weight of the object appears to act
the centre of the Earth
the middle of gravity
A boy stands on a plank across a stream. The boy weighs 500 N. The banks of the stream are 4 m apart. The boy is standing 1 m from the left bank. What are the forces on the banks of the stream? (Ignore the weight of the plank.)
250 N on each bank
375 N on the left bank, 125 N on the right bank
500 N on the left bank, 0 N on the right bank
125 N on the left bank, 375 N on the right bank
A screwdriver is used to open a paint tin. The painter holds the screwdriver halfway down its length. How could the painter increase the moment on the screwdriver?
apply less force
move further from the pivot
move closer towards the pivot
use a different screwdriver
A moment is best described as...
a force acting parallel to a distance from a pivot.
a force acting over a distance.
the rotation of an object.
a force acting at a perpendicular distance from a pivot.
Two children, A and B, are sitting on a see-saw, as shown in the figure below.
The see-saw is balanced.
Calculate the moment of child B about the pivot of the see-saw in N m. (just write the value, no units needed)
(a)
Two children, A and B, are sitting on a see-saw, as shown in the figure below.
The see-saw is balanced.
Calculate the weight of child A if they are sitting 80 cm from the pivot of the see-saw in N. (just write the value, no units needed)
(a)
A camera boom is used at a television studio to allow filming from different positions.
Figure 1 shows the arm of the boom in three different positions.
In which position will the weight of the camera cause the largest moment about the pivot?
A
B
C
They are all the same moment.
A camera boom is used at a television studio to allow filming from different positions.
Complete the sentence.
When the moment caused by the weight of the camera increases, the moment caused by the counterweight ____________________ .
decreases
does not change
increases
They are all the same moment.
The camera has a mass of 5.0 kg
gravitational field strength = 9.8 N/kg
Calculate the weight of the camera. write the unit symbol with your answer.
(a)
Figure 2 shows the 5 kg camera boom in a new position, D.
Calculate the moment about the pivot caused by the weight of the camera when the arm of the boom is in position D in Nm. (no unit needed)
(a)
Calculate the pulling force that is needed in the steel cable to keep the jib horizontal. (No unit needed)
(a)
The diagram shows an air-driven toy.
When the electric motor is switched on the fan rotates.
The fan pushes air backwards making the toy move forwards.
The toy has a mass of 0.15 kg and moves forward with a velocity of 0.08 m/s.
How is the momentum of the toy calculated?
0.15 + 0.08 = 0.230
0.15 ÷ 0.08 = 1.875
0.15 × 0.08 = 0.012
What are the unit of momentum?
kg m/s
m/s2
kg/m/s
The fan pushes air backwards making the toy move forwards.
Use the correct answer to complete the sentence.
The momentum of the air backwards is _______________ the momentum of the toy forwards.
less than
equal to
more than
The diagram shows three vehicles travelling along a straight road at 14 m/s.
Which vehicle has the greatest momentum?
Motorcycle
Lorry
Van
The diagram shows three vehicles travelling along a straight road at 14 m/s.
Calculate the momentum of the motorbike when it travels at 14 m/s. (no unit needed)
(a)
If the Van stops suddenly (it's speed is now 0 m/s) and the lorry hits it travelling at 14 m/s. They join together after the collision, how fast we they both be travelling? (answer to 2 significant figures, no unit needed)
(a)
The law of momentum says that, momentum is always (a) (one word)
Impulse is a change in momentum. Identify the equation(s) that you can use to calculate this value.
Change in p = ma
Change in p = F x t
Change in p = p(final)- p(initial)
Change in p = F / A
Mrs Glaister is hitting a punch bag with 450 kg ms-1 momentum that comes to a standstill over 1.2 s. How much force is acting on her hand?
35 N-1
70 N
150 N
375 N
Daisy and car has a momentum of 2500 kgms-1 until a lamp post jumps out into the road making her stop rather quickly! What is her change in momentum?
0 kgms-1
2500 kgms-1
5000 kgms-1
0.500 kgms-1
Daisy and car has a momentum of 2500 kgms-1 until a lamp post jumps out into the road making her stop rather quickly over 0.5 seconds. How much force was needed to do this?
200 N
1250 N
5000 N
0.500 N
Justice's hand 7.3 kg is moving at 3.5 ms-1 before he hits the bag and is not moving. What is his change in momentum (impulse)?.
0 kgms-1
12.25 kgms-1
19.01 kgms-1
25.55 kgms-1
If the boxer was hitting the bag as hard as they could, what would be the result of doing the same thing but without a boxing glove on?
No broken bones - as the change in momentum (impulse) is the smaller, but the glove increases the time the force that changes the momentum occurs over. This reduces the force acting to stop the hand and acting on the bones. .
Broken bones - as the change in momentum (impulse) is the same, but without a glove the time the force acts over is smaller. This increases the force acting to stop the hand and its bones.
Broken bones as the change in momentum (impulse) is the same, but the glove increases the time the force that changes the momentum occurs over. This reduces the force acting to stop the hand and acting on the bones. .
Broken bones as the change in momentum (impulse) is the bigger, but the glove increases the time the force that changes the momentum occurs over. This increases the force acting to stop the hand and acting on the bones. .
James hits a punch bag and his 7.2 kg hand decelerates over a 0.55 s period. This occurs over 0.25s. What is his change in momentum/impulse?
0.32 kg ms-1
0.55 kg ms-1
0.72 kg ms-1
0.99 kg ms-1
Dave (80 kg) has just dived head first into the ball pit. He finished in this position after decelerating at 0.25 ms-2. This happened over 1.5 seconds. Calculate the impulse.
0.3 kgms-1
7 kgms-1
30 kgms-1
23 kgms-1
Dave (80 kg) has just dived head first into the ball pit with a momentum of 1500 kgms-1. The balls create a 200 N Force that does this. How long does it take Dave to stop?
2.5 s
7.5 s
1.0 s
1.45 s
A cycle helmet reduces the force of impact acting on the brain because:-
It increases the force causing the change in momentum by increasing the time the force acts over.
It decreases the force causing the change in momentum by increasing the time the force acts over.
It increases the force causing the change in momentum by deceasing the time the force acts over and changes the momentum
It decreases the force causing the change in momentum by deceasing the time the force acts over and changes the momentum
The momentum of an object depends upon the object's ___________&_____________.
size and shape
mass and speed
mass and veloctiy
mass and energy
The equation to calculate momentum is
p=mv
p=1/2mv2
p=mgh
p=mg
Which object listed below has the greatest momentum?
A 0.05 kg object rolling at 0.2 m/s.
A 0.15 kg object rolling at 2 m/s.
A 0.15 kg object rolling at 1 m/s
A 0.4 kg object rolling at 2 m/s.
The total momentum before a collision is _________ the total momentum after a collision.
equal to
less than
more than
It depends on the type of collision
In any collision (crash) the ______ is ALWAYS constant
Total Momentum
total speed
total Velocity
Energy
The purpose of crumble zones on a car is to
decrease time of impact.
increase force of impact.
increase the time of impact.
decrease the impulse during impact.
Momentum is conserved in this type of collision
elastic
inelastic
momentum is conserved in both types of collisions
2 balls collide and bounce off of each other. During the collision total momentum remained constant and total kinetic energy remained constant. What type of collision is this?
Inelastic Collision
Elastic Collision
Perfectly Inelastic Collision
No collision occurred
A BMW rear ends a car at the stop light. Neither car sticks together. The momentum was conserved in the collision but the kinetic energy was not conserved. What type of collision is this?
Elastic Collision
Inelastic Collision
Perfectly inelastic Collision
No Collision
If a collision is elastic which of the following must be true?
Momentum is not conserved
The objects are in an open system
The total momentum is equal to 0
Kinetic Energy is conserved
If there is a perfectly inelastic collision, which of the following must be true?
The total momentum of the system is 0
The total kinetic energy of the system is conserved
The objects stick together after colliding
The total momentum of the system is not conserved
Two carts collide. They stick together and continue moving. Is momentum conserved in this interaction?
Yes
No
Two metal balls collide in an elastic collision. Is momentum conserved in this collision?
Yes
No
What two variables effect momentum?
mass
weight
height
Velocity
What is the equation for momementum?
p=m×v
p=m×a
p=f÷a
m=p×v
A 2 250 kg Tesla going 15.0 m/s collides with a parked 3 190 kg Dodge Ram. During the collision they stick together as they deform. The two vehicles then travel at 6.20 m/s.
What is the momentum of the Tesla before the crash?
14,000 kg m/s
19,800 kg m/s
33,800 kg m/s
47,900 kg m/s
What word can best describe the total momentum in an isolated system?
constant
large
lost
low
The Law of Conservation of Momentum states:
The total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after a collision.
The total momentum before a collision is greater than the total momentum after a collision.
The total momentum before a collision is less than the total momentum after a collision.
The total momentum before a collision is not related to the total momentum after a collision.
Pick all of the scenarios below that are collisions.
A catcher catches a baseball.
A pitcher throws a baseball.
Two cars smash into each other.
Two students on roller skates push away from each other.
A bug smashes into a windshield.
Pick all of the scenarios that are explosions.
A cannon fires a cannon ball.
A spoon is shoved into a jar of peanut butter.
A linebacker tackles a member of the opposite team.
A swimmer jumps off a floating raft.
A figure skater throws a heavy ball.
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
change in momentum = 15 kg m/s
change in momentum = 30 kg m/s
change in momentum = 0 kg
change in momentum = 7.5 kg m/s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
change in momentum = 48 kg m/s
change in momentum = 12 kg m/s
change in momentum = 0 kg
change in momentum = 3 kg m/s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
impulse = 50 kg m/s
impulse = 0 kg m/s
impulse = 10 kg m/s
impulse = 2 kg m/s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
impulse = -4 kg m/s
impulse = +4 kg m/s
impulse = +8 kg m/s
impulse = -8 kg m/s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
F = -2 N, t = 4 s
F = -12 N, t = 2 s
F = - 8 N, t = 2 s
F = -4 N, t = 1 s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
F = -5 N, t = 3 s
F = -25 N, t = 3 s
F = - 3 N, t = 1 s
F = -5 N, t = 1 s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
change in momentum = 16 kg m/s
change in momentum = 28 kg m/s
change in momentum = 3 kg m/s
change in momentum = 12 kg m/s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
change in momentum = 1.75 kg m/s
change in momentum = 6 kg m/s
change in momentum = 24 kg m/s
change in momentum = 48 kg m/s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
Impulse = 7 kg m/s
Impulse = 28 kg m/s
Impulse = 68 kg m/s
Impulse = 17 kg m/s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
F = 2 N, t = 14 s
F = 28 N, t = 2 s
F = 12 N, t = 4 s
F = 10 N, t = 2 s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
F = 2 N, t = 14 s
F = 4 N, t = 8 s
F = 2 N, t = 12 s
F = 4 N, t = 2 s
Pre- and post-collision information is shown. Identify the collision parameters that are consistent with the indicated change in momentum.
Impulse = 8 kg m/s
F = 4 N, t = 6 s
change in momentum = 60 kg m/s
F = 4 N, t = 2 s
