Studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world; has a subspecialty called cognitive psychology

Focuses on higher mental processes such as thinking,memory, and problem solving; sub-specialty of Experimental Psychology

Studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death

Focuses on consistency in peoples behavior over time and traits that differentiate one person from another

Explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease

Deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders

Focuses primarily on educational,social,and career adjustment problems

Study of how people/s thoughts,feelings, and actions are affected by others

Investigations the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures and ethnic groups

Considers how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors; stems from Darwin's "On the origin of Species"

Seeks to understand how we might inherit certain behavioral traits and how the environment influences whether we actually display such trait

unites the areas of neuroscience and clinical psychology and focuses on the origin of psychological disorders in biological factors

True or False: Women were discouraged from becoming pyschologists

True or False: There are currently more men in the field of psychology than women.

Which things are consequences of racial and ethnic minority underrepresentation amoung psychologists?

Focused on uncovering the fundamental mental components of consciousness,thinking,and other kinds of mental states and activities; founded by Wilhelm Wundt

Procedure used to study the structure of the mind i which subjects are asked to describe in detail what they are experiencing when they are exposed to a stimulus

What are some criticisms of structuralism?

Concentrated on what the mind does and the role of behavior in allowing people to adapt to their environments; founded by William James

Focuses on the organization of perception and thinking in a whole sense rather than on the individual elements of perception. "The whole is different from the sum of its parts"

Which woman in psychology was the first woman to receive a doctorate in psychology and worked on animal behavior?

Which woman in psychology was one of the first psychologists to focus on child development and on women's issues?

Which woman in psychology studied memory and was the first female president of the american psychological association?

Which woman in psychology focused on the social and cultural factors behind personality and founded the american journal of psychology

Which woman in psychology spearheaded the study of personality traits and was the first woman to head a psychology department at a state university

Which woman in psychology made notable contributions to the treatment of abnormal behavior and was Sigmund Freud's daughter?

Which woman in psychology pioneered work on how children of color grew to recognize racial differences (Doll Study)

views behavior from the perspective of the brain, the nervous system, and other biological functions?

What four systems are examined through the neuroscience perspective?

Believes that behaviors are motivated by unconscious inner-forces and conflicts over which the individuals have little control; founded by Sigmund Freud

Suggests that observable, measurable behavior should be the focus of the study; founded by B.F. Skinner

Focuses on how people think, understand, and know about the world; AKA information processing

Suggests individuals naturally strive to grow, develop, and be in control of their lives and behavior

What is still a key issues/controversy in the field psychology?

genetically determinded/inherited

Influences of the physical and social environments

Forces of which are fully aware

forces that are not accessible to the conscious mind

Objective behavior that can be seen by observers

unseen processes

Idea that behavior is cause primarily by choices that are made freely by the individual

idea that people's behavior is produced primarily by factors outside of their willful control

a person's unique and special qualities

Approach through which psychologists systemically acquire knowledge and understanding about behavior and other phenomena of interest

What is the correct order for the scientific method?

Broad explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interest; provides a framework for understanding the relationships among a set of unorganized facts or principles

Diffusion of responsibility, that was developed by Bibb Latane and John Darley, states that with more bystanders in an emergency situation, the smaller the share of the responsibility each person feels. This is an example of what?

A prediction, stemming from a theory, stated in a way that allow it to be tested

Translation of a hypothesis into specific,testable procedures that can be measured and observed

What are some reasons why psychologists rely on formal theories and hypothesis?

Systematic inquiry aimed at the discovery of new knowledge;key to understanding the accuracy of hypotheses and theories

Systematic investigation of a person,group,or pattern of behavior;several types

Existing data are examined to test a hypothesis including census deocuments,college records,online databases,newspaper clippings

What are the disadvantages and advantages of archival research?

Investigator observes some naturally occurring behavior;does not make a change in the situation

What are the disadvantages and the advantages of naturalistic observation?

People are asked a series of questions about their behaviors,thoughts,or attitudes

What are the disadvantages and advantages of survey research?

In depth, intensive investigation of an individual or a small group of people;often include psychological testing

Research in which the relationship between two sets of variables is examined to determine whether they are associated or not

represents the strength and direction of the relationship between two variables

What is the range of value?

As the value of one variable increases,value of the other variable will decrease

As the value of one variable increase, so will the value of the other variable

Value near 0 indicates no relationship or..

Inability to demonstrate cause and effect relationships

Investigation of the relationship between two (or more) variables; do this by producing a change in one variable in a situation and observing the effects on the second variable

change that an experimenter deliberately produces in a situation

Manipulation implemented by the experimenter

any group participating in an experiment that receives a treatment

Group participating in an experiment that receives no treatment

the variable that is manipulated by an experimenter

the variable that is measured

participants are assigned to different experimental groups or conditions on the basis of chance

statistically meaningful results;makes it possible for researchers to feel confident that they have confirmed their hypothesis

Research that is repeated in other settings and with other groups of participants to increase confidence in prior findings

What are parts of the ethics of research?

Ethics of research are guidelines that protects the participants

A document signed by participants that affirms that they have been told about the basic outlines of the study and are aware of what the participants are involved in

Participants receive an explanation of the study and procedures that were involved after the experiment has been conducted

What situations are animals subject to distress permitted?

What does the acronym WEIRD stand for?

Factors that distort the way the independent variable affects the dependent variable;experimenter expectations and participant expectations

A false treatment with no effects

neither the researcher nor the participant know who gets what

Nerve cells; the basic elements of the nervous system; consists of a cell body that contains a nucleus;psychically held in place by gial cells

Provides nourishment to neurons;in-sulable;repairs damage

What are features of neurons?

cluster of fibers at one end of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons

part of neuron that carries messages destined for other neurons

small bulges at the end of axons that send messages to other neurons

protective coat of fat and protein that wraps around the axon

Neurons follow an all-or-none law which means the neurons are either on or off