WorksheetsMCHS Chemistry Unit 1 Test Review
Total questions: 78
Worksheet time: 4hrs 43mins
Which of the following is an inference rather than an observation?
The liquid in the beaker is blue.
The mass of the solid is 12.5 g.
The solution contains copper ions because it is blue.
The thermometer reads 85°C.
All of the measurements listed below have 5 significant figures except __.
0.020830 kg
10,031 cm
20,000 g
2.5738 moles
A student is studying the behavior of gases. In a textbook, the student reads two statements:
• Statement I: "For a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas is inversely proportional to its pressure (P1V1=P2V2)."
• Statement II: "Gases consist of tiny particles in constant, random motion. The pressure they exert is caused by these particles colliding with the walls of their container."
How are these two scientific statements best classified?
Statement I is a law because it describes an observed, consistent pattern, while Statement II is a theory because it explains why the pattern occurs.
Statement I is a theory because it involves a mathematical formula, while Statement II is a law because it is a fundamental concept.
Both statements are laws because they have been repeatedly tested and are accepted as true.
Both statements are theories because they explain different aspects of how gases behave.
A student is investigating the Law of Conservation of Mass. They consider three related scientific statements:
• Statement I: "If I completely burn a 5.0-gram piece of steel wool in a sealed flask, the total mass inside the flask will remain 5.0 grams."
• Statement II: "In any closed system, mass is neither created nor destroyed during a chemical reaction."
• Statement III: "The conservation of mass is explained by the fact that chemical reactions only involve the rearrangement of existing atoms. Since no atoms are lost or gained, the total mass must remain constant."
How are these three statements best classified?
A. Statement I is a theory, Statement II is a law, and Statement III is a hypothesis.
B. Statement I is a hypothesis, Statement II is a theory, and Statement III is a law.
C. Statement I is a law, Statement II is a hypothesis, and Statement III is a theory.
D. Statement I is a hypothesis, Statement II is a law, and Statement III is a theory.
Four lab groups measure the density of a pure aluminum sample, which has an accepted density of 2.70 g/cm3. Their results from three trials are shown below.
• Group A: 2.69 g/cm3, 2.71 g/cm3, 2.70 g/cm3
• Group B: 2.95 g/cm3, 2.96 g/cm3, 2.95 g/cm3
• Group C: 2.51 g/cm3, 2.70 g/cm3, 2.88 g/cm3
• Group D: 2.91 g/cm3, 2.65 g/cm3, 2.78 g/cm3
Which group's data can be described as precise but not accurate?
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
A student measures a rectangular solid with the following dimensions: length = 5.20 cm, width = 3.0 cm, and height = 2.00 cm. The student calculates the volume by multiplying these values. The mass of the solid is measured to be 78.0 g. Which of the following correctly shows the calculated density of the solid, reported to the correct number of significant figures?
2.5 g/cm³
2.50 g/cm³
2.500 g/cm³
3 g/cm³
A group of students investigates how the surface area of a solute affects the rate at which it dissolves. They add 10.0 g of salt to 200.0 mL of water at 25°C in three separate beakers, stirring each at the same rate. Their results are recorded in the data table. Which conclusion is best supported by the data from this experiment?
Increasing the temperature of the water will cause the salt to dissolve faster.
Stirring a solution has a significant effect on the rate of dissolving.
As the particle size of the salt decreases, the rate of dissolving increases.
The maximum amount of salt that can dissolve in water is 10.0 g.
A student conducted an experiment to determine the effect of different daily amounts of sunlight on the growth of tomato plants. The student measured the height of four separate plants, each receiving a different amount of sunlight, over a period of 8 days. The results are shown in the graph below: Which of the following statements is the best conclusion based on the data presented in the graph?
All tomato plants grow at the same rate regardless of sunlight.
Tomato plants grow best when they receive 9 hours of sunlight per day.
After 9 days, the plant receiving 6 hours of sunlight was taller than the plant receiving 9 hours.
Increasing sunlight from 1 to 3 hours per day has a smaller effect on height than increasing sunlight from 6 to 9 hours per day.
A student is studying environmental chemistry and examines a graph showing the major greenhouse gases produced by people's activities. Which statement is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this graph?
Methane is the most abundant greenhouse gas produced by people's activities.
Carbon dioxide makes up more than half of all greenhouse gases shown.
Nitrous oxide and Fluorinated gases combined make up a larger percentage than Methane.
"Other gases" contribute the smallest percentage to the total.
A climatologist is studying the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) and hurricane intensity, measured by the Power Dissipation Index (PDI). The graph shows data collected in the tropical Atlantic from 1972 to 2004. Based on the trends shown in the graph, which of the following is the most valid conclusion?
Sea surface temperature and hurricane intensity are directly related; as one increases, the other tends to increase.
Hurricane intensity is consistently highest in years ending with an even number.
There is no clear relationship between sea surface temperature and hurricane intensity.
Sea surface temperature reached its lowest point between 1996 and 2000.
Calculate the density of an unknown object that has a mass of 12.4 g and a volume of 4.0 mL.
0.32 g/mL
3.1 g/mL
16.4 g/mL
49.6 g/mL
Select the 2 that are correct. The dependent variable is—
Changed by the experimenter
The outcome and/or is being measured
Graphed on the y-axis
Graphed on the x-axis
Which of the following is the best example of a testable hypothesis for an experiment?
Hot water feels better than cold water.
If the temperature of water increases, then the time for sugar to dissolve will decrease.
Sugar will dissolve because of molecular movement.
Cold water makes sugar dissolve slowly because of energy.
A student investigated the effect of various amounts of sugar on plant growth. They hypothesized that plants will grow taller with at least 5 mg of sugar. The student grew forty bean plants: ten with 5 mg of sugar, ten with 10 mg of sugar, and ten with 0 mg of sugar. All plants received the same amount of light and water. All plants were also grown in the same type of soil and same size pot. The student collected data on the plants each week for four weeks. After reviewing the data, the student concluded that the bean plants grow best with 5 mg and that the investigation’s hypothesis was supported.
Height of plants
Number of plants
Amount of sugar
Amount of light
A container holds 2.75 kiloliters of water. Convert this volume into milliliters using dimensional analysis.
27,500 mL
2,750 mL
2,750,000 mL
27,500,000 mL
Use the graph to answer the question. After reviewing the graph, identify the independent variable.
Recall which axis is X (IV)
Temperature (°C)
Time (minutes)
Volume (mL)
Mass (g)
A. Solubility curve B. Temperature C. Grams per solute D. Unable to determine based on graph
A. Solubility curve
B. Temperature
C. Grams per solute
D. Unable to determine based on graph
Calculate: 2.45 cm × 1.2 cm. Report with correct significant figures.
Recall the rule for Sig Figs for Multiplication & Division - least amount of sig figs
2.9 cm²
2.94 cm²
2.940 cm²
3.0 cm²
A gas in a closed container will exert more pressure if the temperature is increased. This statement is best described as a scientific:
Look at new notes handout I gave you today: Hypothesis vs Theory vs Law
Hypothesis
Observation
Theory
Law
A graduated cylinder has a mass of 50 g when empty. When 30 mL of water is added, the graduated cylinder has a mass of 120 g. If a rock is added to the graduated cylinder, the water level rises to 75 mL and the total mass is now 250 g. What is the density of the rock in correct significant figures and units?
Recall Units of Density: 1g/mL = 1 g/cm³
This was a part of the homework packet that I reviewed for you at the beginning of class: Displacement Method
2.9 g/mL
2.89 g/cm³
3.00 g/mL
2.9 g/cm³
While examining artifacts in a museum, a scientist measures a small bar with a mass of 57.96 g and a volume of 3.00 cm³. Using the density table, which solid best matches the object?
Copper
Platinum
Diamond
Gold
A student calculates the density of a metal sample to identify it using the formula: Density = Mass / Volume The student finds a density of 7.8 g/cm³, which matches the known density of iron. Which of the following best evaluates the merits and limitations of using this mathematical model?
The calculation is limited because math cannot be used in chemistry.
The model is useful only if the sample is very large.
The calculation has no limitations because it always produces the correct result.
The model is useful because it allows prediction of an unknown substance, but limited because experimental error (like incorrect volume measurement) can lead to misidentification.
A student measures the density of copper and gets a value of 8.60 g/cm³. The accepted value is 8.92 g/cm³. The student calculates the percent error as:
% error = |accepted - experimental| / accepted × 100
% error = |8.92 - 8.60| / 8.92 × 100 = 3.6%
Which statement best evaluates the merits and limitations of using the percent error equation as a model?
Percent error is useful for comparing accuracy of results, but it does not explain the cause of the error.
Percent error proves the student’s equipment is broken.
Percent error shows precision, not accuracy.
Percent error has no limitations because it always reveals the exact source of error.
A research team discovers a new type of biodegradable plastic. Which of the following would be the best way to communicate their findings to both scientists and the general public?
Publish raw numerical data without explanation
Present graphs and a written summary in a scientific journal
Write only a short social media post without evidence
Share a private email with one colleague
A student is creating a lab report to communicate the results of a chemical reaction. Which of the following formats would be least effective for clearly communicating the findings?
A data table showing the mass of reactants and products
A balanced chemical equation representing the reaction
A written summary explaining the purpose and outcome
A doodle drawing of test tubes without labels
There are 24 cm3 Find the total mass.
If the volume is 5 mL, what is the density?
5
25
100
50
Calculate the density of the cube.
2 g/cm3
4 g/cm3
6 g/cm3
8 g/cm3
How close a measurement is to the accepted value is called..
Accuracy
Precision
Significant
Estimate
How close a measurement is to the accepted value is called..
Accuracy
Precision
Significant
Estimate
350.540
0.0005
4.56 x 103
0.456
4,500
400,506
4,560
0.036653 m
72,100 g
3,000 mm
25.03 L
Write in scientific notation. 0.000024
2.4 x 104
2.4 x 105
2.4 x 10-4
2.4 x 10-5
Write in scientific notation. 59000
5.9 x 104
5.9 x 10-4
5.9 x 103
5.9 x 105
Write in scientific notation. 45.9
4.59 x 102
4.59 x 101
4.59 x 10-1
4.59 x 10-2
Write in scientific notation. 31487546.389
3.1487546389 x 10
3.1487546389 x 106
3.1487546389 x 10-7
3.1487546389 x 107
What is the dependent variable on this graph?
Year
Number of Visitors
None of these
Here distance stands for Bill's distance from Ridgewood. When was Bill furthest from Ridgewood?
3 seconds
4 seconds
5 seconds
What is the general trend of this line graph?
The more you mow, the more money you make
The more you mow, the less money you make
You make the same amount of money regardless of how long you mow
state a hypothisies
conduct a expieriment analyze the reasults
make a conclusion
What is the independent variable?
Type of fertilizer
Average plant height
The effect of fertilizer on plant height
The effect of plant height on fertilizer
What is the dependent variable?
Type of fertilizer
Average plant height
The effect of fertilizer on plant height
The effect of plant height on fertilizer
What is the volume of the liquid in the graduated cylinder?
20.15 mL
20.1 mL
21.5 mL
21.50 mL
20.150 mL
Which of the following choices best represents the length reading from the metric ruler pictured?
0.8 cm
0.80 cm
0.800 cm
8 cm
What is the mass (in grams) pictured on this triple beam balance?
37.3
7.3
30.3
37
37.30
Which of the following would best represent the volume of the liquid in this graduated cylinder?
20.6 mL
25.8 mL
25 mL
26 mL
30.42 mL
What tool is this??
Scale
Single Beam Balance
Triple Beam Balance
Double Beam Balance
