WorksheetsB Water Quality - Freshwater Practice SciOly
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
Based on the ecological pyramid, what is the trophic level of the cricket?
Producer
Primary Consumer
Secondary Consumer
Tertiary Consumer
Which compound is represented by (Y) in the diagram?
Nitrous acid
Nitric oxide
Nitrogen dioxide
Hydroxylamine
Unobstructed, wide and deep river mouths enable tidal exchange and mixing between estuarine and coastal waters.
True
False
A passage where freshwater from a river meets seawater is called ____.
fault line
reef
escarpment
estuary
Cattails, such as those pictured, are commonly found in which type of aquatic environment?
Deep ocean trenches
Arid deserts
Freshwater wetlands and marshes
Alpine tundra
Water from melting snow or rainfall flowing across farm fields & city streets represents which type of potential pollution?
Point Source Pollution
Urban Pollution
Atmospheric Pollution
Non-Point Source Pollution
Based on the provided classification system for macroinvertebrates, which class does the organism pictured belong to?
Class 1: Pollution Sensitive
Class 3: Moderately Tolerant
Class 4: Pollution Tolerant
Class 5: Air Breathing
Based on the image, the depicted organism belongs to which pollution tolerance class?
Class 1 - Pollution Sensitive
Class 2 - Moderately Sensitive
Class 3 - Moderately Tolerant
Class 4 - Pollution Tolerant
What causes salination in soil?
Pesticides
Saltwater intrusion
Mineral weathering
Dissolved salts in irrigation water
Which of the following common names best identifies the large invertebrate shown in the image?
Mayfly
Dragonfly
Stonefly
Caddisfly
Volcanoes, geysers, and hot springs will cause the water in the surrounding area to become more alkaline.
True
False
Which of the following organisms in the food web are primary producers?
Krill
Phytoplankton
Zooplankton
Fish
The capacity of transmitting fluids is known as Permeability.
True
False
The Greater Water Boatman belongs to which pollution tolerance class?
Class 1: Pollution Sensitive
Class 3: Moderately Tolerant
Class 5: Air Breathing
Class 2: Moderately Sensitive
Which process is represented by the arrows at #36, indicating water movement from trees and land into the atmosphere?
Evaporation
Condensation
Transpiration
Percolation
Why don't more organisms colonize the deep water layer, if it's so nutrient-rich?
lack of rock erosion
excessive oxygen
high pressures
lack of sunlight
Which of the following processes does NOT add carbon to the atmosphere?
volcanic eruptions
respiration
fossilization
photosynthesis
The correct order for potable water treatment is:
1,2,3,4
4,1,3,2
2,1,3,4
4,2,1,3
Based on the image, to which pollution tolerance class does this organism typically belong?
Class 1: Pollution Sensitive
Class 2: Moderately Sensitive
Class 3: Moderately Tolerant
Class 4: Pollution Tolerant
The visible sandy/silty streambed in the image is most indicative of which of the following stream characteristics?
A high-gradient stream with a bedrock substrate.
A low-gradient stream with a high potential for sediment deposition.
Consistently high dissolved oxygen levels due to rapid aeration.
The absence of any significant watershed erosion.
In the provided food web, which of the following organisms is a producer?
Phytoplankton
Zooplankton
Small Planktivorous Fish
Wading Birds
Which of the following is considered point source pollution?
Sediment from construction
Discharge from wastewater treatment
Pesticide
Runoff
Which of the following is NOT true about factors that influences the nutrient and oxygen content, turbidity, and rate of flow in rivers and streams?
Leaves and other vegetation entering the water add organic matter
Streams and rivers flowing through areas of high erosion will have more suspended materials than those surrounded by hard substrates
Erosion of rocks in the streambed increases inorganic nutrient content
Large amounts of suspended organic matter decreases turbidity
Which of the following organisms is a carrier of encephalitis viruses?
Blackfly
Mosquito
Water strider
Whirligig beetle
A floating vessel accidentally ran into a reef and started spilling oil into the water. What kind of pollution would this be?
Organic
Inorganic
Toxic
Thermal
During which period did the Lake Padden rainbow trout population experience the most rapid growth?
1999-2000
2000-2001
2001-2002
2005-2006
Graph E shows a negative relationship between Fecal Coliform and Sedimentation. Which statement best describes the common association between these two parameters in a stream experiencing runoff?
Increased sedimentation directly reduces the concentration of fecal coliform bacteria.
Fecal coliform levels are generally independent of sedimentation.
Increased sedimentation often results from runoff events that can also carry fecal matter, leading to an increase in fecal coliform.
Fecal coliform bacteria are known to break down sediment particles, thus reducing sedimentation.
Deep-sea fishing is most likely which of the following threats?
Threat #1
Threat #2
When a fresh-water river discharges into a saline sea in which the range of tide is infinity, an arrested salt wedge results.
True
False
What piece of laboratory equipment is depicted in the left panel?
Autoclave
Incubator
Refrigerator
Centrifuge
The test for turbidity describes what characteristics of water?
Odor
Mineral concentration of the water
Suspended material in the water
Metal concentration of the water
Hypoxia may result in:
Eutrophication
Algae Blooms
Acid Rain
Dead Zones
Modern coral reefs are formed by the accumulation of body segments of hard corals. The reef structure is formed by what body segments of these corals?
Their fans
The leg and arm segments
The exoskeletons
Coral polyps
High turbidity will make the rate of photosynthesis ______
higher
lower
Dragonflies are typically classified into which pollution tolerance group?
Class 1: Pollution Sensitive
Class 2: Moderately Sensitive
Class 3: Moderately Tolerant
Class 5: Air Breathing
The extensive growth of aquatic vegetation is often a symptom of which ecological process?
Oligotrophication
Denitrification
Eutrophication
Bioremediation
The organism in image 30 is typically found in which pollution tolerance class?
Class 1 Pollution Sensitive
Class 2 Moderately Sensitive
Class 3 Moderately Tolerant
Class 4 Pollution Tolerant
The *top* organism in image 28 is an indicator of what type of water quality?
Excellent (Pollution Sensitive)
Good (Moderately Sensitive)
Fair (Moderately Tolerant)
Poor (Pollution Tolerant)
What is the normal pH for most natural bodies of water located in the US?
5.5-6.5
6.5-8.5
7.5-9.5
8.5-9.5
9.5-10.5
The organism shown in the image is an example of an aquatic invasive species. Which of the following common names best identifies this organism?
Zebra Mussel
Spiny Water Flea
Asian Carp
Asian Tiger Mosquito
The deer in the image are large herbivores. Their feeding on aquatic or riparian vegetation would be an example of which type of community interaction?
Predation
Parasitism
Herbivory
Mutualism
What is 2 + 2?
3
4
5
6
The capital of France is:
Paris
Berlin
Madrid
Rome
Fill in the blank: The sky is ___ during the day.
blue
green
red
yellow
Which of the following is a fruit?
Carrot
Apple
Broccoli
The type of coral that creates the foundation of most coral reefs is:
Worm coral
Hermatypic
Ahermatypic Corals
All of the above
None of the above
Based on the provided image, to which pollution tolerance class does this organism belong according to Science Olympiad Water Quality guidelines?
Class 1 Pollution Sensitive
Class 3 Moderately Tolerant
Class 4 Pollution Tolerant
Class 5 Air Breathing
What is the trophic level of the Killer whale in this specific food chain?
Tertiary consumer
Secondary consumer
Quaternary consumer
Producer
Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth. What form is most readily available for plant uptake?
Oxidized Phosphate
Organic Phosphate
Phosphide
Inorganic Phosphate
The Chesapeake Bay, seen below, is the largest estuary in the United States, located in an impact crater where a meteor struck over 35 million years ago. Which of the following best categorizes the Chesapeake Bay?
Bar-built estuary
Coastal plain estuary
Fjord
Tectonic estuary
Assume there is a lake (at standard temperature and pressure) with a pH of 8.0. In a freak accident involving a chemical supply truck, enough hydrochloric acid is accidentally dumped into the lake to multiply its H+ ion concentration by a factor of 100. What is the new pH of the lake?
6.0
10.0
7.5
5.0
Based on the image, this organism belongs to which pollution tolerance class?
Class 1 Pollution Sensitive
Class 3 Moderately Tolerant
Class 4 Pollution Tolerant
Class 5 Air Breathing
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between turbidity and water quality or measurement?
Calcium carbonate concentration and nitrate levels are the primary determinants of this water quality parameter.
Relying on heavy irrigation for farming will increase the amount of this aquatic factor due to increased sediment runoff.
This compound is the main component of industrial fertilizer and is a major contributor to eutrophication.
One of the most important indicators of water quality; it is essential for the survival of fish and other aquatic organisms.
As the concentration of suspended solids increases, this aquatic factor also increases.
The process labeled 'Assimilation' in the diagram refers to:
Conversion of organic nitrogen to ammonia.
Uptake and incorporation of inorganic nitrogen compounds into organic matter by organisms.
Reduction of nitrate to nitrite.
Oxidation of ammonia to nitrite.
A student carefully pours four immiscible liquids—ethanol, olive oil, water, and corn syrup—into a tall, narrow container. After the liquids settle, they form distinct layers. From top to bottom, what is the correct order of these layers?
Water, olive oil, corn syrup, ethanol
Corn syrup, water, olive oil, ethanol
Ethanol, water, olive oil, corn syrup
Ethanol, olive oil, water, corn syrup
55. Water is a chemical.
True
False
According to Science Olympiad Water Quality guidelines, to which pollution tolerance class does the organism in the image belong?
Class 1 (Pollution Sensitive)
Class 2 (Moderately Sensitive)
Class 4 (Pollution Tolerant)
Class 5 (Air Breathing)
The process converting N2 (dinitrogen gas) to (NH3) ammonia, as shown in the diagram, is known as:
Nitrification
Denitrification
Nitrogen Fixation
Anammox
If 10,000 kcal enters the food pyramid, calculate the amount of energy available at level 3.
(a)
Acids, salts, and metals are examples of
Oxygen demanding wastes
Organic plant nutrients
Inorganic plant nutrients
Water soluble inorganic chemicals
Water hardness means an increase concentration of
Sodium
Zinc
Lead
Calcium
An increase in nutrient levels (e.g., nitrates and phosphates) in an aquatic ecosystem often leads to which of the following phenomena?
Increased dissolved oxygen levels
Reduced algal growth
Eutrophication and potential algal blooms
Higher biodiversity of aquatic macroinvertebrates
Identify the common name of the adult macroinvertebrate pictured in the top panel.
Mayfly
Stonefly
Caddisfly
Dragonfly
Based on its classification as an indicator organism, what pollution tolerance class does the organism in Image E belong to?
Class 1 (Pollution Sensitive)
Class 2 (Moderately Sensitive)
Class 3 (Moderately Tolerant)
Class 4 (Pollution Tolerant)
Both the Riffle Beetle and Dobsonfly larva are classified as Class 1 organisms. What does their presence typically indicate about the water quality of an aquatic ecosystem?
The water is highly polluted with organic waste.
The water has low dissolved oxygen levels.
The water is generally clean and unpolluted.
The water is experiencing significant thermal pollution.
Dissolved oxygen levels that drop below _____ can cause stress to aquatic life
5 mg/L
10 mg/L
15 mg/L
20 mg/L
Zebra mussels are known for their rapid colonization and spread. Which life history trait contributes significantly to their success as an invasive species, particularly regarding reproduction?
They are hermaphroditic, allowing for self-fertilization.
They produce a large number of free-swimming veliger larvae.
They reproduce exclusively by asexual budding.
They have a long juvenile period, allowing for greater dispersal.
What type of toxins are present in the spines of the crown of thorns starfish?
Neurotoxin
Myotoxin
Necrotoxin
Saponin
Cyanotoxin
Eutrophication in lakes is frequently the direct result of
nutrient enrichment
industrial poisons
a diminished supply of nitrates
an increase in predators
decreased light penetration
Daily Ph Cycle peaks at night
True
False
A water sample shows a dissolved oxygen saturation of 20%. Which of the following is the most likely ecological implication for aquatic organisms in this water body?
Most aquatic life, especially fish, would thrive due to abundant oxygen.
The water is likely experiencing an algal bloom, leading to oxygen supersaturation.
This level of oxygen is too low to support most aerobic aquatic organisms, potentially leading to fish kills.
The low saturation indicates high water flow and turbulence, increasing oxygen levels.
What type of symbiosis is it when one species benefits from the relationship while the other is harmed?
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Competition
What is the independent variable in this experiment on duckweed growth?
Number of plants
Day
Type of water solution
Temperature of water
Which of the following best describes the process of "Evapo-transpiration" as shown in the diagram?
Water vapor rising from open water bodies.
Water seeping into the ground from the surface.
The combined loss of water from the land surface through evaporation and plant transpiration.
Water flowing over the land surface in a sheet.
Which organism from the food web is categorized as Class 3 Moderately Tolerant?
Mayfly
Dragonfly
Leech
Trout
Which of the following is a significant ecological impact of the organism shown in the image on freshwater ecosystems?
Decreased water clarity due to increased turbidity.
Direct competition with native filter-feeding organisms for food resources.
Increased primary productivity by consuming excess nutrients.
Providing a new food source for most native fish species.
Based on its identification, which pollution tolerance class does the organism in the image belong to?
Class 1: Pollution Sensitive
Class 2: Moderately Sensitive
Class 3: Moderately Tolerant
Class 4: Pollution Tolerant
Which site (Pro, Ref, or Eco) would likely support the highest diversity of pollution-sensitive macroinvertebrates, assuming temperature is a primary limiting factor?
Pro, due to its higher average temperature
Ref, as it represents a moderate condition
Eco, due to its lower average maximum temperature
All sites would support similar diversity
What is the common name of the organism depicted in the image?
Mayfly
Dragonfly
Mosquito
Stonefly
The polyp stage of a coral can produce using which of the following methods?
Budding
Fission
Sexually
Asexually
All of the above
The California current flows in what direction?
from East to West
from West to East
from North to South
from South to North
If the population of Krill significantly decreased, which of the following organisms would likely be most directly and negatively impacted?
Seagull
Killer whale
Blue whale
Elephant seal
According to the diagram, which statement best describes the direction of energy flow within this food web?
Energy flows from consumers to producers.
Energy flows from higher trophic levels to lower trophic levels.
Energy flows from producers to consumers, and then to decomposers.
Energy is created by consumers and then transferred.
When compared against the other main nutrient cycles, the phosphorus cycle is unique in that it
Never enters the atmosphere
Does not affect water
Is used to form rocks
Causes eutrophication
Which of the following graphs accurately depicts a typical relationship between sedimentation and the labeled parameter in a freshwater aquatic ecosystem?
Graph A
Graph B
Graph C
Graph F
In which one of the following zones does most photosynthesis occur?
benthic zone
limnetic zone
littoral zone
photic zone
Approximately what percentage of the world's population lacks access to acceptable water sanitation?
30%
40%
50%
60%
In the treatment of wastewater, the term coagulation refers to
Addition of alum which causes particles to give off a positive charge
Uses polymers to cause clumped particles to aggregate and drop out of solution
Is not effective at reducing phosphates
Is a relatively new technology to improve wastewater treatment
Is the final step in wastewater treatment
Coastal indentures in which there is a measurable dilution of sea water by land drainage - that is freshwater inflow plus precipitation is greater than evaporation. This is a __________.
neutral estuary
positive estuary
negative estuary
You and your coworkers gather up your equipment and head out to visit Creek No Name. The air temperature is 29°C. The water temperature is 20°C. The pH is 7.0 in running water and 7.5 in still water. The water depth is 1 foot at your monitoring site. It is warm and dry and has not rained in several weeks. The water is clear and there is no visible suspended material. You begin to collect macroinvertebrates. There are 22 may-fly larvae, 3 stonefly larvae, 8 caddisfly larvae, 1 dobsonfly, 3 water penny beetles, 21 gilled snails, 1 damselfly, and 3 flatworms. How would you rate the water quality?
Good
Average
Poor
What primary method of respiration does the aquatic macroinvertebrate shown in the image utilize?
Cutaneous respiration
Tracheal gills
Lungs (pulmonate)
Gills
At which depth is the temperature highest?
2000 m
1500 m
1000 m
500 m
Identify the macroinvertebrate shown in the image.
Caddisfly
Mayfly
Stonefly
Dragonfly
Activated carbon (AC) is used in both treatment of drinking water and wastewater, almost always in very specialized circumstances involving organic chemicals. The process by which AC reduces these contaminants is
Filtration
Adsorption
pH adjustment
Chemical neutralization
Based on the provided image, what is the pollution tolerance classification for this macroinvertebrate?
Class 1 - Pollution Sensitive
Class 2 - Moderately Sensitive
Class 3 - Moderately Tolerant
Class 5 - Air Breathing
Acids, salts, and metals are examples of:
oxygen-demanding wastes.
organic plant nutrients.
inorganic plant nutrients.
water-soluble inorganic chemicals
Which of the following statements accurately describe energy transfer between trophic levels in an ecosystem?
Energy transfer between trophic levels is never 100% efficient, as a significant portion of energy is lost as heat during metabolic processes and not all biomass is consumed or assimilated.
On average, only about 10% of the energy from one trophic level is typically transferred to the next, with the remaining 90% being lost primarily through metabolic activities and unconsumed organic matter.
The efficiency of energy transfer significantly increases at higher trophic levels, with transfers between tertiary and quaternary consumers being much more efficient than those between producers and primary consumers.
Approximately 90% of the energy assimilated by an organism at a lower trophic level is used for its own life processes (e.g., respiration, growth, waste), with only about 10% available for transfer to the next trophic level.
What is an important role that estuaries serve?
Decreases nutrient flow which decreases inland eutrophication.
Creates moisture and increase humidity in the area.
Filters water going that flows into the land.
Provides wind power to wind mills inland.
None of the above.
Which of the following is the smallest amount of a contaminant?
1 ppm (part per million)
1 ppb (part per billion)
1 ppt (part per trillion)
1 pph (part per hundred)
High levels of which nutrients can lead to an algal bloom?
Water
Carbon
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
