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WorksheetsScience Quiz: Biology Lessons 1, 2
Total questions: 89
Worksheet time: 45hrs 30mins
What is cloning technology?
Cloning technology is a method that uses stem cells, which can lead to an identical version of something or someone.
Cloning technology is a process of creating new computer software.
Cloning technology is a way to improve internet speed.
Cloning technology is a technique for making artificial intelligence smarter.
Cells are the building blocks of life.
True
False
All life begins as single cells.
True
False
What tool will you learn to use in this learning activity that is important in cell biology?
Microscope
Stethoscope
Thermometer
Calculator
What are the two main types of cells you will explore in this learning activity?
Plant and animal cells
Bacterial and fungal cells
Red and white blood cells
Nerve and muscle cells
Fill in the blank: A ______ is the basic unit of life. All living organisms — animals, plants, fungi, — are made up of cells.
cell
atom
molecule
tissue
Fill in the blank: ______ are organisms that consist of only a single cell.
Unicellular organisms
Multicellular organisms
Plants
Animals
What are organisms made up of a single cell called?
unicellular organisms
multicellular organisms
prokaryotic organisms
colonial organisms
What are organisms made up of more than one cell, such as animals, fungi, and plants, called?
multicellular organisms
unicellular organisms
prokaryotes
viruses
Who first discovered cells in 1665 by examining a thin slice of cork under a microscope?
Robert Hooke
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Matthias Schleiden
Theodor Schwann
Which of the following is NOT a principle of modern cell theory?
All living things are composed of one or more cells.
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
All cells arise from pre-existing cells by the process of cell division.
All cells are visible to the naked eye.
Select the three main principles of modern cell theory.
All living things are composed of cells; Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things; All cells come from pre-existing cells.
All living things are made of tissues; Cells are only found in animals; Cells can arise spontaneously.
Cells are the smallest molecules; Only plants have cells; Cells do not divide.
All living things are made of atoms; Cells are not important; Cells can live independently of organisms.
The basic structure of all animal cells is the same, but their appearance differs depending on the cell’s type and function. Cells are complicated structures which must carry out many processes in order to keep the overall organism functioning. Just as you use different organs in your body to do different things, the cell uses specialized structures to handle different processes. In cells, these specialized structures are called _______.
organelles
tissues
enzymes
membranes
Write the definition or function of the following organelle: Nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) and regulating cell activities.
The nucleus is responsible for producing energy in the cell through cellular respiration.
The nucleus is involved in packaging and transporting proteins within the cell.
The nucleus is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells.
Write the definition or function of the following organelle: Nucleolus
The nucleolus is a structure within the nucleus responsible for producing ribosomes.
The nucleolus is responsible for storing genetic information.
The nucleolus is involved in energy production through cellular respiration.
The nucleolus is the site of protein modification and packaging.
Write the definition or function of the following organelle: Chromosomes
Chromosomes are thread-like structures made of DNA that carry genetic information.
Chromosomes are energy-producing organelles found in plant cells.
Chromosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cytoplasm.
Chromosomes store water and nutrients in the cell.
Match the cell organelle to its corresponding factory analogy:
Employee Services
A
Planning Department
B
Workers
C
Assembly Line
D
Packaging Department
E
The ________ in a cell is analogous to the Employee Services in a factory.
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Cell wall
Which cell organelle is similar to the Powerplant in a factory?
Golgi
Mitochondrion
Lysosome
Ribosome
Both the Endoplasmic reticulum and the Assembly Line in a factory have what function in common?
Both transport material
Both produce energy
Both store genetic information
Both break down waste
Which factory part is analogous to the Packaging Department in relation to cell organelles?
Golgi
Nucleus
Centriole
Cytoplasm
The Maintenance Crew in a factory is most similar to which cell organelle?
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Ribosome
What is the function of the Centriole in a cell, according to the factory analogy?
Division (of cell/sections of factory)
Energy production (powerhouse of the factory)
Packaging and shipping (distribution center)
Storage of materials (warehouse)
The Factory Floor in a factory is analogous to which part of the cell?
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Can you find the three organelles that are present in plant cells but not in animal cells?
Vacuoles, Cell wall, and Chloroplasts
Mitochondria, Ribosomes, and Nucleus
Golgi apparatus, Lysosomes, and Endoplasmic reticulum
Centrioles, Peroxisomes, and Microvilli
Fill in the blank: The factory equivalent of the vacuole in a plant cell is _________
Water tanks
Conveyor belts
Generators
Control rooms
Fill in the blank: The factory equivalent of the chloroplast in a plant cell is _________
Windows
Boiler
Generator
Assembly line
Which of the following lists the three principles of cell theory?
All living things are made of cells; cells are the basic unit of life; all cells come from pre-existing cells.
Cells are only found in animals; cells are not the basic unit of life; cells do not reproduce.
All living things are made of tissues; tissues are the basic unit of life; all tissues come from pre-existing tissues.
All living things are made of molecules; molecules are the basic unit of life; all molecules come from pre-existing molecules.
This organelle surrounds the entire cell. It acts as a gatekeeper, controlling the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
Cell membrane
Ribosome
Mitochondrion
Often referred to as the “powerhouse” of the cell, mitochondria are oval-shaped organelles that convert sugar into useable energy through the process of cellular respiration.
Cell membrane
Ribosome
Mitochondrion
Important structure that involves producing protein through a process known as protein synthesis. Protein is important for forming the overall structure of an organism.
Cell membrane
Ribosome
Mitochondrion
Where is a cell’s genetic information found?
A cell’s genetic information is found in the chromosomes (DNA), inside the nucleus.
A cell’s genetic information is found in the mitochondria.
A cell’s genetic information is found in the cytoplasm.
A cell’s genetic information is found in the cell membrane.
The main differences between animal and plant cells are:
Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.
Animal cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts, while plant cells do not.
Both animal and plant cells have chloroplasts and cell walls.
Neither animal nor plant cells have a cell wall or chloroplasts.
Who built the first microscope?
Isaac Newton
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Albert Einstein
Galileo Galilei
The first microscope, containing only one lens, was called the _________?
Simple Light Microscope
Compound Microscope
Electron Microscope
Phase Contrast Microscope
What is the maximum magnification of a compound light microscope commonly used in secondary schools?
200 times
2,000 times
20,000 times
200,000 times
What is used to illuminate the specimen in a compound light microscope?
A built-in electric lamp is used to illuminate the specimen from below.
A hand-held torch is used to illuminate the specimen from above.
Sunlight is directly focused onto the specimen.
A laser pointer is used to illuminate the specimen from the side.
What is magnification in the context of a compound light microscope?
The ability of a lens to change the color of a specimen
The ability of a lens to enlarge an image of a specimen
The ability of a lens to shrink an image of a specimen
The ability of a lens to focus light on a specimen
To calculate the total magnification of an object under a compound light microscope, you multiply the magnification of the ocular lens (eyepiece) by the magnification of the ________ lens.
objective
condenser
scanning
illumination
If the ocular lens is 10× and the objective lens is 40×, what is the total magnification?
400×
40×
10×
50×
Why do you usually start examining a slide image under the lowest magnification on a microscope?
To see more details immediately
To help locate the slide image and begin focusing
To avoid damaging the microscope
To increase the field diameter
What is the field diameter when using a microscope?
The field diameter is the diameter of the field of view when you are examining through the ocular lens. This value is useful for estimating cell size.
It is the length of the microscope slide.
It is the width of the microscope base.
It is the distance between the objective lenses.
If the magnification of the ocular lens is 10× and the objective lens is 25×, and the field diameter using a 4× objective lens is 2 mm, what is the field diameter when using a 25× objective lens?
0.32 mm
0.50 mm
1.25 mm
2.00 mm
Used to change objective lens power for different magnifications by revolving (spinning) each lens into place
Revolving nosepiece
Stage and clips
Objective lens
A lens that can further magnify the specimen. Most microscopes have low-, medium-, and high-power objective lenses.
Revolving nosepiece
Stage and clips
Objective lens
Hold the microscope slide in place.
Revolving nosepiece
Stage and clips
Objective lens
Condenses the light towards the stage opening.
Diaphragm
Condenser lens
Eyepiece
Controls the amount of light passing through the stage opening.
Diaphragm
Condenser lens
Eyepiece
Component through which the specimen is observed. It contains an ocular lens that magnifies the specimen.
Diaphragm
Condenser lens
Eyepiece
Holds the ocular lens the correct distance from the eyepiece.
Coarse-adjustment knob
Body tube
Fine-adjustment knob
Rough focus for low-power objective lens only
Coarse-adjustment knob
Body tube
Fine-adjustment knob
More delicate focus for medium- and high-power objective lenses
Coarse-adjustment knob
Body tube
Fine-adjustment knob
Used to carry the microscope
Base
Light source (lamp)
Arm
Supports the microscope
Base
Light source (lamp)
Arm
Lights the specimen from underneath
Base
Light source (lamp)
Arm
If the ocular lens has a magnification of 10x and the objective lens has a magnification of 60x, what is the total magnification?
600x
70x
60x
10x
Which of the following is NOT a rule for making a good biological drawing?
Use unlined white paper
Shade or fill in areas with colour
Print all labels and line them up on the right-hand side
Make the drawing as large as possible
As you work through the activities, you are expected to:
Participate actively and complete each task.
Skip the activities and wait for instructions.
Only observe without engaging.
Finish the activities as quickly as possible without understanding.
Every organism can repair itself in some way. The ability of living things to repair themselves is called ________.
regeneration
photosynthesis
respiration
digestion
What is regeneration?
The ability to move quickly
The ability to re-grow a tissue, an organ, or a part of the body
The ability to eat food
The ability to breathe underwater
Which animals generally have greater powers of regeneration?
Plants
Animals
Mammals
Birds
Simple animals are able to regenerate much more than complicated ones.
True
False
Sea stars can regenerate their arms more easily than more complicated animals because:
they have simpler body structures.
they have more advanced nervous systems.
they are cold-blooded animals.
they live in saltwater environments.
Select the two tissues that mammals (including humans) can regenerate.
Liver and skin
Heart and brain
Lung and kidney
Bone and cartilage
Regeneration is defined as:
the process by which organisms replace or restore lost or damaged tissues or organs
the process of breaking down food to release energy
the movement of substances across a cell membrane
the process of photosynthesis in plants
Sea stars can regenerate almost their entire body, while salamanders and lizards can only re-grow certain body parts because:
sea stars have more regenerative cells than salamanders and lizards.
salamanders and lizards live on land, which limits regeneration.
sea stars have a simpler body structure than salamanders and lizards.
lizards and salamanders do not lose body parts in nature.
Humans are able to regenerate which of the following tissues?
Liver tissue
Heart muscle
Brain tissue
Cartilage
Many organisms have the ability to produce offspring without a mate. Organisms that create offspring on their own demonstrate a form of cloning known as _________
asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction
binary fission
cross-pollination
There are five main types of asexual reproduction. Which of the following is NOT a type of asexual reproduction?
Photosynthesis
Binary fission
Budding
Fragmentation
Spore formation
Strawberries reproduce asexually. This type of asexual reproduction is known as ________ reproduction.
vegetation
binary fission
budding
fragmentation
Through modern medical science, scientists are now able to perform a type of regeneration called _________
cloning
mutation
photosynthesis
fermentation
Which of the following is a type of asexual reproduction?
Binary fission
Fertilization
Pollination
Cross-breeding
Which of the following is a type of asexual reproduction?
Budding
Sexual reproduction
Hybridization
Grafting
Which of the following is a type of asexual reproduction?
Fragmentation
Fertilization
Pollination
Cross-breeding
What is cloning?
The process of forming identical genetic offspring from a single cell
The process of making different organisms
The process of cell death
The process of making food
Which animal was the first cloned from an adult organism, as mentioned in the passage?
Cat
Dog
Dolly the sheep
Mouse
Fill in the blank: Cloning is a natural process that allows simple organisms to _________
reproduce
eat food
move quickly
breathe underwater
All somatic (body) cells undergo which process to form identical genetic material?
Meiosis
Binary fission
Mitosis
Budding
Every cell of the human body is an identical copy (or clone) of another cell, except for reproductive cells.
True
False
Three animals that have been successfully cloned are:
Sheep, cow, cat
Dog, horse, rabbit
Elephant, tiger, bear
Lion, giraffe, zebra
What is the initial process of cloning said to involve, according to the passage?
The use of a stem cell
The mixing of two embryos
The injection of foreign DNA
The removal of a nucleus
Fill in the blank: A stem cell is an undifferentiated (unspecialized) cell that has not yet taken on a specific role within the organism. This means that all its genetic material is ______ and available.
active
mutated
deleted
inactive
What is the process called where a nucleus is removed from a cell in the embryo and then inserted into an unfertilized egg cell, taken from another individual, which has been enucleated?
embryonic nuclear transfer
gene splicing
polymerase chain reaction
cellular respiration
The first successful clone of a mammal was a sheep named Dolly, announced in 1996 by scientists in Scotland.
True
False
According to the passage, what happens to the genes unrelated to a cell’s function once the cell begins to specialize?
The genes unrelated to the cell’s function are turned off or deactivated.
The genes unrelated to the cell’s function become more active.
The genes unrelated to the cell’s function are duplicated.
The genes unrelated to the cell’s function are removed from the cell.
The significance of Dolly the sheep in the history of cloning is that she was:
the first mammal cloned from an adult somatic cell
the first animal to be genetically modified
the first sheep to be born through in vitro fertilization
the first animal to be cloned using embryonic cells
Dolly was created through the process of ________.
somatic nuclear transfer
binary fission
budding
parthenogenesis
An enucleated egg is:
an egg cell that has had its nucleus removed
an egg cell with two nuclei
an egg cell that has been fertilized
an egg cell with extra cytoplasm
The difference between embryonic and somatic nuclear transfer is:
Embryonic nuclear transfer uses nuclei from embryos, while somatic nuclear transfer uses nuclei from body (somatic) cells.
Both use nuclei from embryos only.
Somatic nuclear transfer uses egg cells, while embryonic uses sperm cells.
There is no difference between embryonic and somatic nuclear transfer.
