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WorksheetsPlant Final
Total questions: 150
Worksheet time: 7hrs 3mins
Algae are...
Plants
Fungi
Animals
Protists
Which characteristic helped early mosses adapt to land?
Spores with protective walls
Cones
True Roots
Seeds
What structure anchors moss to a surface?
Rhizomes
Rhizoids
Stem
Xylem
What does “alternation of generations” describe?
Alternating between day and night cycles
Alternating between spores and seeds
Alternating between haploid gametophyte and diploid sporophyte stages
Alternating between mosses and ferns
Which of the following shows the correct sequence in alternation of generations?
Gametophyte → Sporophyte → Gamete → Spore → Zygote
.Sporophyte → Gamete → Zygote → Spore
Zygote → Spore → Gametophyte → Sporophyte
Gametophyte → Gamete → Zygote → Sporophyte → Spore
The "stalk" that supports the moss capsule is the:
Seta
Rhizoid
Blade
Spore
Why is water necessary for moss and fern fertilization?
It breaks the seed coat
It activates pollen
It allows sperm to swim to the egg
It transports spores
What do ferns have that mosses do NOT?
Spores
Chloroplasts
A vascular system
What is the dominant generation in mosses?
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
Zygote
Spore
What is the dominant generation in ferns (and all plants higher than mosses organizationally)?
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
Spore
Seed;ing
Over millions of years, hardened resin becomes....
Charcoal
Pollen
Diamond
Amber
Secondary growth is....
Lateral and truly occurs in monocots
Lateral and truly occurs in dicots
Apical and truly occurs in monocots
Apical and truly occurs in monocots
Vascular cambium in trees is responsible for...
Roots
Inner bark
Leaves
Growth rings
If one of a tree's growth rings is extremely thin, it means...
The conditions that year were harsh (drought, harsh winters, etc.)
Conditions that year were optimal
Conditions that year were average
Conditions that yeaar were exactly the same as the last year
The sticky part of the pistil that captures the pollen is the...
Ovary
Stigma
Style
Sepal
How do flowers know what type of pollen to "accept" and form a pollen tube to the ovary?
The 3D shape of the pollen grain matches the specialized proteins on the stigma
The pollen tube grows randomly until it finds an ovule by chance
Wind and insects determine which pollen grains fertilize the ovule
The stigma releases sugars that feed all pollen equally, allowing any pollen to germinate
Which tissue provides flexible support in growing stems?
Phloem
Parenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Collenchyma
Which tissue has lignin and is dead at maturity?
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Parenchyma
Why don’t most epidermal cells contain chloroplasts?
They are shaded
They reflect UV light
Direct UV light will degrade and destroy chlorophyll, and their function is protection
They store water
Which pigment is ESSENTIAL for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll a
Carotenoids
Xanthophyll
Anthocyanin
Which pigment(s) help(s) capture additional light for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll b
Carotenoids
Xanthophyll
All of these
In the fall, ______ starts to build a wall between the leaf petiole and the branch of a tree, causing chlorophyll to break down. Leaves turn orange because in a last ditch effort to continue photosynthesis and stay alive, ________ capture wavelengths of light and remain visible as other pigments break down.
Abscisic Acid (ABA) ; Carotenoids
Auxin ; Chlorophyll b
Gibberellins ; Xanthophylls
Gibberellins ; Carotenoids
Which pigment protects your bean plants from excessive light damage when they get too close to the grow lights?
Xanthophylls
Chlorophyll a
Melanin
Carotene
Which hormone promotes cell elongation?
Cytokinin
Ethylene
Gibberellin
Auxin
Which hormone delays aging in plants by stimulating cell division?
Cytokinin
Auxin
Abscisic acid
Ethylene
Which hormone triggers fruit ripening?
Cytokinin
Auxins
Ethylene
Gibberellin
Phloem transports
Sugars from leaves to sinks
Oxygen
Minerals from roots to shoots
Water upward
Xylem transport is passive and driven by (select all that applies)
Cohesion and adhesion
Root pressure as water follows the concentration gradient from high to low
Requires ATP
Suction is created as transpiration occurs
Why is phloem transport active?
Relies on osmosis only
Does not need energy
Uses ATP to load sugars into sieve tubes
Uses diffusion
Sieve tubes need companion cells because
They get lonely
They need water, so companion cells provide it
They help them disperse seeds
Sieve tubes lack nuclei and mitochondria, so companion cells support them
Xylem cells are ______ at maturity and transport water ______.
Alive ; Passively
Alive ; Actively
Dead ; Passively
Dead ; Actively
ATP is
Energy currency
Structural protein
Waste product
Enzyme
Which statement best compares photosynthesis and respiration?
Both require light
Photosynthesis stores energy, respiration releases it
Both produce glucose
Respiration occurs only in plants
The main purpose of chloroplasts is to:
Produce proteins
Store starch permanently
Break down sugars for ATP
Capture light energy and make glucose
Which tissue performs photosynthesis and storage?
Ground
Dermal
Vascular
Cork
Why is photosynthesis essential to life?
It produces oxygen and glucose
It releases carbon dioxide
It breaks down nutrients
It removes nitrogen
What are meristematic cells?
Storage cells
Dead support cells
Cells that divide and form new tissues
Transport cells
Each corn silk is a...
Pollen grain
Kernel
Leaf vein
Pollen tube
If a corn silk is not pollinated...
The kernel doubles in size
The pollen tube dies
No kernel forms
The cob grows longer
Petals are...
Modified leaves that attract pollinators
Modified leaves that produce spores
Modified stems that attract pollinators
Modified stems that produce spores
What is turgor pressure?
Pressure of gas exchange
Pressure of water inside the cell pushing on the wall
Pressure from xylem sap
Pressure during fertilization
Turgor pressure is important because it...
Increases lignin
Controls respiration
Keeps plants upright and supports growth
Drives photosynthesis
Palisade mesophyll is specialized for:
Gas exchange
Defense
Water storage
Photosynthesis
Xylem is composed of... (Select all that apply)
Tracheids
Companion cells
Vessel elements
Sieve Tubes
Phloem is made up of... (Select all that apply)
Sieve tube elements
Tracheids
Vessel elements
Companion cells
What structures do mosses have for support, photosynthesis, and reproduction?
Stems, leaves, and flowers
Rhizoids, leaflike blades, and capsules
None of the above
Roots, stems, and cones
Which of the following is a fern structure?
Frond
Capsule
Peristome
Rhizoid
Which is an advantage of seeds?
They photosynthesize
They produce water
They allow dormancy and protection of embryo
They replace vascular tissue
Which organelle is the site of cellular respiration?
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Lysosome
Which organelle is the site of photosynthesis?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Lysosome
Chloroplast
The balanced equation for photosynthesis is...
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
6CO2 + 6O2 + light energy→ C6H12O6 + 6H2O
CO2 + O2 +ATP → Sugar + Energy
What is the balanced cellular respiration equation?
Glucose + CO2 → light energy + Water
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
O2 + ATP → Glucose + CO2
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
When we dissected Lima Beans, they contained two cotyledons, what is the purpose of cotyledons?
Attract pollinators
Carry water
Store food for the embryo
Release pollen
Match the numbers with the labels
1
Stigma
2
Style
3
Petal
4
Ovary
5
Receptacle
Match the numbers with the labels
6
Peduncle
7
Sepal
8
Filament
9
Anther
Stomata would be closed in the following conditions... (Select all that apply)
Light drizzles
Wind storms
Droughts
Heat waves
Dicot leaves have stomata on their...
Dorsal side
Ventral side
Dorsal and ventral sides
Neither
Monocot leaves have stomata on their...
Dorsal side
Ventral side
Dorsal and ventral sides
Neither
Water moves along with the concentration gradient, meaning...
It goes from areas of low concentration, to high concentration
It goes from areas of high concentration, to high concentration
It goes from areas of high concentration, to low concentration
It goes from areas of low concentration, to low concentration
Which cell type has thin walls and does photosynthesis/storage?
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
Xylem
Which cell type makes up the "strings" in celery stalk?
Phloem
Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
This is a...
Rhizome
Bulb
Tuber
Stolon
This is a...
Monocot
Dicot
This is a...
Monocot
Dicot
This is a...
Monocot
Dicot
This is a...
Monocot
Dicot
This is a...
Monocot
Dicot
Label number 1 is pointing to the...
Xylem
Phloem
Vascular Cambium
Cork Cambium
Label number 2 is pointing to the...
Xylem
Phloem
Vascular Cambium
Cork Cambium
Label number 3 is pointing to the...
Xylem
Phloem
Vascular Cambium
Cork Cambium
The parts labeled number 1 are...
Leaf veins containing vascular bundles
Epidermis
Mesophyll
Cuticle
Stomata
The part labeled number 2 is...
Leaf veins containing vascular bundles
Epidermis
Mesophyll
Cuticle
Stomata
The part labeled number 3 is...
Leaf veins containing vascular bundles
Epidermis
Mesophyll
Cuticle
Stomata
The part that is a pink line labeled number 4 is...
Leaf veins containing vascular bundles
Epidermis
Mesophyll
Cuticle
Stomata
The part that is labeled number 5 is...
Leaf veins containing vascular bundles
Epidermis
Mesophyll
Cuticle
Stomata
Label number 1 is pointing to the...
Sclerenchyma
Xylem
Phloem
Label number 2 is pointing to the...
Sclerenchyma
Xylem
Phloem
Label number 3 is pointing to the...
Sclerenchyma
Xylem
Phloem
Label number 1 is pointing to the...
Stomata
Palisade Mesophyll
Leaf vein (that holds vascular bundles)
Epidermis
Spongy Mesophyll
Label number 2 is pointing to the outer layer of cells called the...
Stomata
Palisade Mesophyll
Leaf vein (that holds vascular bundles)
Epidermis
Spongy Mesophyll
Label number 3 is pointing to the...
Stomata
Palisade Mesophyll
Leaf vein (that holds vascular bundles)
Epidermis
Spongy Mesophyll
Label number 4 is pointing to the...
Stomata
Palisade Mesophyll
Leaf vein (that holds vascular bundles)
Epidermis
Spongy Mesophyll
Label number 5 is pointing to the...
Stomata
Palisade Mesophyll
Leaf vein (that holds vascular bundles)
Epidermis
Spongy Mesophyll
Flowering plant with seeds are like this one are...
angiosperms
ferns
What is the largest and most diverse group of plants?
Nonvascular plants
Seedless vascular plants
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Which of these plants is classified in a different group from the other three?
Trees, wild flowers, and grasses are all considered to be
Which color in the visible light spectrum has the shortest wavelength?
Red
Yellow
Green
Violet
___________ is a form of energy that we can see with our eyes.
Radio Waves
Visible Light
Ultraviolet
Reflection
A blue dish appears blue because it
absorbs blue light
absorbs white light
reflects white light
reflects blue light
Of the visible spectrum, what color has the longest wavelength?
Blue
Green
Yellow
Red
Violet
What is the saying that can help you remember the order of the visible spectrum?
ROYGBIV
RYOBIVG
ROYBVIG
RIBYOVG
How are we able to see the color white?
All colors except red are absorbed
All colors are absorbed
All colors are reflected
All colors except red are reflected
What is phototropism?
The movement of plants towards light
The movement of plants away from light
The movement of plants in response to infrared light
The movement of plants towards water
This plant was tipped on its side, it's roots continue to grow downward, and its stem up. This response to gravity is known as (a) .
This plant is showing the turning or bending of a plant or other organism in response to a touch stimulus. It is known as _________________.
phototropism
thigmotropism
gravitropism
hydrotropism
Which of these are types of tropism? Select all that apply:
Hydrotropism
Synthetropism
Electrotropism
Gravitropism
What is hydrotropism?
The movement of plants towards water
The movement of plants away from water
The rate of growth of a plant in response to temperature changes in water
A plant's response to gravity and touch
Most tropisms are fueled by which plant hormone?
Ethylene
Gibberellins
Abscisic Acid
Auxin
The ripened ovary of a plant
seed
fruit
flower
stamen
What adaptations help conifers survive cold/dry climates?
Broad leaves
Needle leaves with waxy coating
Fruits and flowers
Rhizoids
What is the difference between male and female cones?
Male cones produce pollen; female cones produce ovules/seeds
Male cones produce seeds; female cones produce pollen
Both cones produce pollen
Both cones produce seeds
What is the female gametophyte in conifers?
Ovule inside female cone
Pollen grain
Resin duct
Sapwood
What is the male gametophyte in conifers?
Ovule
Pollen grain
Resin duct
Cone scale
What is the difference between resin and sap in conifers?
Resin acts as defense/protection; sap acts as transport (xylem = water/minerals, phloem = sugars)
Resin acts as transport (xylem = water/minerals, phloem = sugars) ; sap acts as defense/protection
Resin makes cones; sap photosynthesizes
Resin carries spores; sap carries pollen
How does endosperm form?
From fertilization of polar nuclei with sperm; it feeds embryo
From fertilization of egg with sperm; it becomes embryo
From pollen grain growth; it feeds pollen tube
From ovule walls; it becomes fruit
What is double fertilization?
One sperm fertilizes the egg, another sperm fertilizes polar nuclei
Two sperm fertilize two eggs
One sperm fertilizes egg twice
Pollen fertilizes spores
What is vegetative reproduction?
A. Asexual reproduction by runners, rhizomes, tubers, bulbs
B. Sexual reproduction using flowers
C. Double fertilization
D. Spore formation
Are stolons and rhizomes the same thing?
No, stolons are horizontal stems above ground, rhizomes are horizontal stems below ground
Yes
No, rhizomes are horizontal stems above ground, stolons are horizontal stems below ground
No, rhizomes are horizontal roots above ground, stolons are horizontal roots below ground
What is the main advantage of asexual reproduction?
Produces variation
Fast reproduction and colonization
Seeds disperse widely
Protects against diseases
What is the main disadvantage of asexual reproduction?
No variation in offspring
Slower reproduction
Requires water for fertilization
Needs pollinators
What is the difference between meristematic and permanent tissue?
Meristematic = undifferentiated and dividing; permanent = specialized
Meristematic = specialized; permanent = undifferentiated
Both are permanent
Both are undifferentiated
What is primary growth in plants?
Growth in length by apical meristems
Growth in width by vascular cambium
Formation of bark
Production of flowers
What is secondary growth in plants?
Lateral growth in width by vascular and cork cambium
Growth in length
Growth of flowers
Growth of fruits
Which of the following best describes plant hormones?
growth regulators and chemical messengers
enzymes, growth regulators, and chemical messengers
growth regulators only
chemical messengers only
Which of the leaf tissue layers contains less chloroplasts and enables gas exchange in the leaf?
Cuticle
Upper epidermis
Pallisade layer
Spongy layer
Lower epidermis
Check all that are true.
Cambium allows for secondary growth.
Fertilization is the union of pollen with the stigma.
In double fertilization, two sperm are involved, the first of which joins with polar nuclei and the second with the egg.
All flowers have both male and female parts.
Select ALL correct pairings of stem types and their characteristics.
herbaceous >>> thin, soft, flexible
herbaceous >>> thick, hard, rigid
woody >>> thin, soft, flexible
woody >>> thick, hard, rigid
Four important steps plants went through were: (IN ORDER)
seeds, vascular tissues, flowers, movement to land
movement to land, vascular tissues, seeds, flowers
flowers, movement to land, vascular tissues, seeds
vascular tissues, seeds, movement to land, flowers
Plant cell walls are made of
petidoglycan
cellulose
chitin
pollen
What is the hard outside of the seed called?
testa
embryo
food storage
seed jacket
Vascular Flowering
Vascular Seedless
Vascular Nonflowering
Non-Vascular
I don't know
Vascular Flowering
Vascular Seedless
Vascular Nonflowering
Non-Vascular
I don't know
When sugars are made, their names have the suffix _____ and energy is ______.
ase/released
ase/stored
ose/stored
ose/released
In ferns, spores are produced in the ___ found on the ____side of the frond.
sori/dorsal
cuticle/dorsal
sori/ventral
gametophyte/ventral
Which of the following indicate that land plants evolved from green algae? (select all that apply)
same starch
chlorophyll a
same cell division
sperm swimming to egg
The ______ the wavelength, the ________ the energy. (select all that apply)
Shorter ; higher
Shorter ; lower
Longer ; higher
Longer ; lower
Trees and most other woody plants are...
Annuals
Biennials
Perennials
Herbaceous
Suppose you are planting a garden. You want to plant only once and not have to replace plants every year or two. What types of plants should you use?
Annuals
Biennials
Perennials
Herbaceous
What do many modern medicines share with medicines used in traditional cultures?
Plant compounds
Poisonous chemicals
Synthetic drugs
Equal potency
Root hairs... (select all that apply)
Normally occur in the zone of maturation
Normally occur in the zone of cell elongation
Increase water and nutrient absorption
Promote rapid cell division
If a plant is deciduous, it means that:
It can't decide
It is green all the time despite environmental conditions
It has both male and female gametophytes at all times, regardless of season
It sheds leaves and unnecessary organs to regrow them in better conditions
If light intensity decreased, photosynthetic rate would....
decrease
increase
increase and then level off
stay the same
If light intensity consistently increased, photosynthetic rate would....
decrease
increase
increase and then level off
stay the same
If temperature consistently increased, photosynthetic rate would....
increase and then eventually decrease
increase
increase and then level off
decrease
If temperature decreased, photosynthetic rate would....
increase and then eventually decrease
increase
increase and then level off
decrease
Chlorophyll a breaks down faster than it is produced during autumn. Why?
(select all that apply)
light intensity decreases as winter draws near
temperatures decrease over time
enzymes denature due to the seasonal changes from warm temperatures
naturally occurring nutrients in the soil become more scarce
only one type of epidermal cell contains chloroplasts, which one?
waxy cuticle
epidermal filament
stomata
guard cells
Why do guard cells need chloroplasts?
(select all that apply)
to sense sunlight
to make glucose
to be green
to be special
what do guard cells do?
open and close stomata to avoid water loss
pump sucrose into phloem
keep the plant at an appropriate temperature
to make xylem sap
How much ATP is produced during aerobic cellular respiration?
2-4
40-46
36-38
6-7
Plants release all of the oxygen that they produce:
true
false
