The study of populations using statistics is _________________

A group of all the different organisms in the same place at the same time is a _____________________.

A group of organisms of the same species in a common area at the same time is a _________________

The act of one organism killing another organism for food.

A chemical produced by a plant that is used to deter predation from herbivores.

Top predators are important because they decrease ____________ and also increase _____________.

Number of individuals in a population per a given area _________________. How packed in the population is.

The way that individuals within a population are arranged is _________________

Number of individuals in a population: _______________.

When two or more species live together in a close, long-term relationship.

A group of organisms that are closely related to each other and naturally mate to produce fertile offspring: _______________.

A graphical way to represent a population that shows a breakdown by gender, age, and can help determine if populations will be growing, shrinking or staying the same: _________________

The amount of change a population undergoes compared to its starting population is its _________________

Three types of population dispersion: _______________, _______________, _______________

The average population size that an environment can sustain is its _____________________.

Four factors that affect growth rate: _______, _______, _______, _______

Organisms that produce few young, longer life-spans, and give lots of parental care, and stable populations sizes at carrying capacity (if healthy population) are _____-strategists.

Organisms that produce lots of young, shorter life-spans that mature quickly but die rapidly too (unstable population sizes), and give no parental care are _____-strategists.

R-strategist population sizes are greatly impacted by density-______________ factors such as: _______________

K-strategist population sizes are impacted mostly by density-______________ factors such as: _______________

A form of symbiosis in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed.

Symbiosis where one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped.

A form of symbiosis in which both organisms benefit from the relationship.

The general term given to an organism in which another organism lives and/or feeds on.

In a commensalism, both species will likely coevolve.

In parasitism, both species will likely coevolve.

When two species use the same resource, a biological interaction called ____________________ results.

The role, or “job,” an organism performs within an ecosystem is its _____________________.

An entire range an organism is potentially able to occupy is called its _____________________________.

The range in which an organism actually occupies is called its _______________________________.

When two organisms engage in competition, one of the species may be eliminated. This is called _______________________________.

33. A general rule in ecology is that no two species can occupy _________________________________.

A population that grows without bounds has a “J” shaped curve and shows ___________________ growth.

A population that grows until reaching its carrying capacity has an “S” shaped curve and shows a ________________ growth model.

Living (______________) factors and non-living (______________) factors interacting is all part of an _____________________. The study of these factors and their interactions is called ________________.

You observe two bacteria that appear to be similar, they do not interbreed with each other but instead asexually reproduce. The two bacteria are...

Your friend has a dog they call a labor-doodle. He explains that the parents were a black lab and a poodle. The black lab and the poodle are...

Population Studies: 2c. You are reading a book about deer and it describes the elk deer (Cervus canadensis) and red deer (Cervus elaphus). Looking at the pictures in the book, you can’t tell the difference between them. You read that they can interbreed in captivity, but because of differences in mating behaviors they do not naturally interbreed. You also read that their mitochondrial DNA is very different from each other. The elk deer and red deer are...

Population Studies: 2d. You are at the zoo and you observe large, beautiful birds with brilliant colored plumes (tails), you know these are peacocks. You also observe some interesting birds with green head/neck areas but no colorful plume and a flock of baby birds following. A zookeeper points out that the less colorful bird is a peahen with her babies and points to the robust peacock as being the father. The peacock and peahen are...

The circles above appear to be the same size area, according to the information are they? If not, explain:

What is the formula used to calculate population density?

Explain how the population of one area compared to another can be greater, while its density is less.

What is the formula used to calculate the growth rate (r) of a population in percent?

There is a population of Emperor penguins in a small colony in Antarctica that has 12,000 individuals. The birth rate was 400 penguins while the death rate was 150. The immigration rate was 2 and the emigration rate was 4. What was the growth rate? (show your calculation set-up)

Which of the following diagrams best represents a logistical population growth model?

Which graph is more common for K-strategists? ______________ r-strategists? ________________

Give an example of something that would have a logistical growth model:

Give an example of something that would have an exponential growth model: _________________

Give 2 examples of density-dependent factors affecting pop. size: ____________________________

Give 2 examples of density-independent factors affecting pop. size:

What factors (examples) might influence the carrying capacity of a deer population in Michigan to go up?

Which of the following factors might influence the carrying capacity of a deer population in Michigan to go down?

Give 3 example of K-strategists not already mentioned in your packet or in class: What makes these all good examples:

Give 3 example of r-strategists not already mentioned in your packet or in class: ________________ ____________________ What makes these all good examples: ________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

Describe the most common outcomes of competition due to overlapping niches:

Describe how different species of warbler birds (below) can co-exist in the presence of competition and still continue exist:

The Yunnan lake newt, went extinct in China in 1979 in part due to the introduction of exotic frogs in their habitats. The newly introduced frogs consume the same foods and exist in the same habitats as the Yunnan lake newt. This is an example of how invasive species can cause extinction by…

Explain what the infographic is about at the right: ____________________________

Plants and pollinators have evolved closely with each other. What type of symbiotic relationship do they have _________________?

A cow that has bacteria in its intestines has what type of relationship, if the bacteria gains a stable supply of nutrients from the cow and the bacteria produces a compound that helps the cow to digest its food?

A tapeworm can be found living in a human’s intestine. The tapeworm is getting food and shelter from the human host and the human is harmed from lack of nutrition due to the tapeworm consuming the nutrients. This is an example of what type of symbiotic relationship?

Lone golden jackals of India that have been expelled from their pack will form a relationship with a tiger. The jackal will trail the tiger at a safe-distance and feed on any left-overs from the tiger’s big kill. The tiger generally gets nothing from the jackal, and if a jackal gets too close the relationship may be over. This is an example of which type of symbiotic relationship?

A sea lamprey will latch onto a fish and uses its teeth to hold on and rasp away the skin, leaving an open wound for the lamprey to feed on. The lamprey will then drop off, without killing the host fish. Which type of symbiotic relationship is this?

Cuckoo birds were described in your application pages. Explain what type of a relationship a European cuckoo bird has with other particular bird species.