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Unit 3: Ocean and Atmosphere

Total questions: 137

Worksheet time: 2hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which severe weather hazard is most localized and short-lived but highly destructive along its narrow path?

a)

Tornado

b)

Hurricane

c)

Drought

d)

Monsoon

2.

Which observation would best indicate the onset of drought conditions in a region?

a)

Extended precipitation deficit over months

b)

A single day without rain

c)

A brief thunderstorm

d)

A seasonal river flood

3.

Which two specific hazard categories are shown with relatively lower counts compared to floods and extreme weather?

a)

Drought and extreme temperature

b)

Earthquake and tsunami

c)

Volcanic eruption and landslide

d)

Hurricane and tornado

4.

Which event is the clearest example of atmosphere–hydrosphere interaction?

a)

Volcanic ash affecting air temperature

b)

Ocean evaporation fueling a hurricane

c)

Earthquake generating tsunamis

d)

Roots stabilizing soil

5.

Which sphere includes living organisms that can modify local weather by releasing water vapor?

a)

Geosphere

b)

Biosphere

c)

Hydrosphere

d)

Cryosphere

6.

Which change would most likely increase evapotranspiration rates in an ecosystem?

a)

Decreased solar energy

b)

Increased plant coverage and sunlight

c)

Freezing temperatures

d)

Reduced wind

7.

According to the profile, which layer is immediately above the troposphere?

a)

Mesosphere

b)

Stratosphere

c)

Thermosphere

d)

Exosphere

e)

Ionosphere

8.

Based on the source regions shown, which air mass is most directly responsible for lake-effect snow downwind of the Great Lakes?

a)

cT

b)

mT

c)

cP

d)

mP

9.

Which air mass would most likely bring steady drizzle and cool temperatures to the Pacific Northwest coast?

a)

mP

b)

cT

c)

mT

d)

cP

10.

If maritime tropical air from the Gulf meets continental polar air from Canada, which frontal weather is most likely to develop?

a)

Calm, clear skies with no clouds

b)

Thunderstorms along a cold front

c)

Dust storms with no clouds

d)

Snow squalls only

11.

Which statement best describes a source region for maritime tropical air?

a)

Cold land surfaces at high latitudes

b)

Warm oceans in low latitudes

c)

High plateaus and deserts

d)

Polar ice sheets

12.

Which pair of air masses would create the strongest temperature contrast across a front in winter?

a)

mT and cP

b)

mP and cP

c)

mT and cT

d)

mP and mT

13.

Which statement is most consistent with the Cleveland location relative to the shown air masses?

a)

It is only affected by mT air year-round.

b)

It can experience cP air moving over the Great Lakes, enhancing snowfall.

c)

It lies within the source region for cT air.

d)

It is rarely influenced by mP air from the Atlantic.

14.

The phrase "impact climate" in the lesson title suggests examining which of the following?

a)

Short-term weather events only

b)

Long-term patterns in temperature and precipitation

c)

The composition of igneous rocks

d)

The phases of matter at room temperature

15.

Which statement aligns with the albedo definition provided?

a)

Albedo measures emitted infrared radiation

b)

Albedo is the fraction of sunlight reflected by a surface

c)

Albedo is the amount of sunlight absorbed by the atmosphere

d)

Albedo is unrelated to surface color

16.

Which pair correctly matches surface and relative albedo?

a)

Dark soil — higher

b)

Fresh snow — higher

c)

Black asphalt — higher

d)

Charcoal — higher

17.

Which outcome is most consistent with increasing dark-colored surfaces in an area?

a)

Higher albedo and more reflection

b)

Lower albedo and more absorption

c)

No change in albedo

d)

Higher albedo but more absorption

18.

A light-colored desert surface compared to a dark forest will generally:

a)

Absorb more sunlight and have lower albedo

b)

Reflect more sunlight and have higher albedo

c)

Have the same albedo

d)

Emit more sunlight

19.

If the Coriolis Effect were absent, which outcome would be most likely for tropical disturbances?

a)

They would fail to develop organized rotation

b)

They would have higher sea surface temperatures

c)

They would move only westward

d)

They would intensify more quickly

20.

In the United States weather usually moves from

a)

west to east

b)

east to west

21.

Which type of weather is usually associated with a cP air mass?

a)

moist and cool

b)

dry and warm

c)

moist and warm

d)

dry and cool

22.

An air mass that is humid and forms over water is called a _______________ air mass.

a)

maritime

b)

continental

23.

Most weather comes from -

a)

water

b)

temperature

c)

air masses

d)

very large area

24.

Of the four types of air masses, which would describe air that is cool and humid and forms over the North Pacific ocean?

a)

Maritime Tropical

b)

Maritime Polar

c)

Continental Tropical

d)

Continental Polar

25.
Maritime tropical air masses form over warm ocean water.
a)
true
b)
false
26.

Where does the air the affects North Carolina's weather come from?

a)
Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic Ocean, and continental United States
b)
Great Lakes, Gulf of Mexico, and Europe
c)
Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, and Mexico
d)
Pacific Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Canada
27.

If an air mass forms over land, chances are it will be

a)

humid.

b)

moist.

c)

cloudy.

d)

dry.

28.

Warm phase; high air pressure; forms over the Pacific Ocean

a)

maritime tropical air

b)

la nina

c)

gulf stream

d)

el nino

29.

3. What does the following describe?

Air masses moving and meeting.

a)

Changes in weather

b)

Changes in air temperature

c)

Changes in cloud types

d)

Changes in pressure

30.
Which type of air would you find at air mass A?
a)
cold, dry
b)
warm, humid
c)
warm, dry
d)
cold, humid
31.
Which type of air would you find at air mass C?
a)
cold, dry
b)
warm, humid
c)
warm, dry
d)
cold, humid
32.
What two elements make up water?
a)
Helium and oxygen
b)
Hydrogen and oxygen
c)
helium and carbon
d)
oxygen and carbon
33.
What word describes when water is attracted to other substances?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
capillary action
d)
surface tension
34.
Why does ice float?
a)
As water freezes, it expands and its density decreases.
b)
As water freezes, it takes up more hydrogen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
c)
As water freezes, air becomes trapped between the hydrogen bonds of water molecules.
d)
As water freezes, it takes up more oxygen from the atmosphere, causing it to have a greater buoyancy.
35.
Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?
a)
the oxygen end
b)
the hydrogen end
c)
both ends are slightly positive
d)
neither end is positive
36.
Water is a universal solvent because it...
a)
It can be found anywhere
b)
It freezes when it gets cold
c)
floats when frozen
d)
Dissolves most substances
37.
Large bodies of water, such as lakes and oceans, do not quickly fluctuate in temperature. What is the reason for this phenomenon?
a)
Water is an acid.
b)
Water is a versatile solvent.
c)
Water has a high heat capacity.
d)
 Water acts as a buffer.
38.
 Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?
a)
The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together
b)
The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet
c)
The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface
d)
The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next
39.
The fact that ice floats on liquid water is due to the fact that water's solid is ___________ than it's liquid form
a)
less polar
b)
more polar
c)
less dense
d)
more dense
40.
The tightness across the surface of water that enables paper clips to float is ____________.
a)
adhesion
b)
capillary action
c)
surface tension
d)
polarity
41.
Which statement explains why water molecules stick together?
a)
both sides are negative
b)
one side has a positive charge and the other side has a negative charge
c)
one side has a negative charge adn the other side has a neutral charge
d)
both sides are positive
42.
When a molecule has an opposite electrical charge on each end, it is known as what?
a)
cohesion
b)
polar molecule
c)
hydrogen bond
d)
solution
43.
When water molecules stick easily to other water molecules, this is called what?
a)
cohesion
b)
adhesion
c)
solution
d)
polar molecule
44.

The ability of water molecules to stick to each other, creating surface tension is called:

a)

Cohesion

b)

Adhesion

c)

Insulation

d)

Ph

45.

What property of water results in the accumulation of small amounts of water into larger amounts of water? The results in the rivers, lakes, streams, and even the oceans.

a)

Cohesive Behavior

b)

Expansion Upon Freezing

c)

Ability to Moderate Temperature

d)

Universal Solvent

46.

What property of water allows for water to act as a temperature regulator for the world?

a)

Cohesive Behavior

b)

Expansion Upon Freezing

c)

High Specific Heat

d)

Universal Solvent

47.

What property of water causes these Alka-Seltzer tablets to dissolve?

a)

Universal Solvent

b)

Expansion Upon Freezing

c)

Cohesive Behavior

d)

High Specific Heat

48.

Why does water move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

a)

Water is pushed by solutes

b)

Water is pulled by gravity

c)

Capillary action pulls the water molecules like a chain

d)

Water's cohesion causes it to "pull" towards the leaves

49.

Why does ice stay at the top of oceans instead of sinking to the bottom? 

a)

Ice is colder than liquid water

b)

Ice is less dense than liquid water

c)

Ice is more dense than liquid water

d)

Ice is warmer than liquid water

50.

Water has an unusually high specific heat. What does this mean?

a)

At its boiling point, water changes from liquid to vapor.

b)

A large amount of heat is required to raise the temperature of water.

c)

Ice floats in liquid water.

d)

Salt water freezes at a lower temperature than pure water.

e)

Floating ice can insulate bodies of water.

51.

Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common

a)

Influence birds that migrate over the ocean

b)

Influence rainy / dry weather world wide

c)

The weather at the polar regions

d)

The directions that ships travel in the oceans

52.

How often do El Nino events occur?

a)

2-5 years

b)

2-7 years

c)

7-10 years

53.

The image is of a(n):

a)

El Nino event

b)

La Nina event

c)

Non-El Nino (normal conditions)

54.

Without question, ENSO events:

a)

Are preventable

b)

Eliminate sources of rain

c)

Are really scary

d)

Impact everyone on the planet somehow

55.
During an El Nino year, in VA we will likely have what kind of winter?
a)
cold and snowy
b)
hot and dry
c)
cold and dry
d)
no change in weather
56.
What is the water cycle?
a)
the 3 forms of water
b)
the movement of water on, above, or below the surface of the Earth
c)
when water melts
d)
when clouds form
57.
What is the energy source for the water cycle?
a)
the sun
b)
the earth
c)
water
d)
the moon
58.
What is evaporation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
59.
What is condensation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
60.
What is precipitation?
a)
The part of the water cycle when the sun heats up water, turning it from a liquid into water vapor or steam. It rises from the ground into the air.
b)
The part of the water cycle when the water vapor in the air gets cold. The water turns back into a liquid and forms clouds.
c)
The part of the water cycle when clouds get heavy and can no longer hold the liquid water. This causes the water to fall from the sky to the earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
61.
When water condenses, the liquid water forms ______________.
a)
water vapor
b)
steam
c)
air
d)
clouds
62.
Precipitation happens when clouds of water droplets are too ______________.
a)
cold
b)
light
c)
heavy
d)
hot
63.
Precipitation happens when clouds of water droplets are too ______________.
a)
cold
b)
light
c)
heavy
d)
hot
64.
Evaporation happens when the sun ___________ water and turns it into vapor.
a)
cools
b)
heats up
c)
freezes
d)
lights up
65.
Which of these is not an example of precipitation?
a)
rain
b)
clouds
c)
sleet
d)
snow
66.
Which best explains why runoff is important?
a)
It returns water to other locations on Earth
b)
It increases the chance of flooding
c)
It makes evaporation occur faster
d)
It increases condensation
67.
What causes wind to blow?
a)
Differences in longitude 
b)
Shock waves from clouds 
c)
Differences in air temperature and pressure 
d)
The rotation of the earth
68.
Which describes a wind that moves from the land to the sea overnight?
a)
land breeze
b)
sea breeze
c)
trade winds
69.
Movements of Ocean's water
a)
Ocean Currents
b)
Global Currents
c)
Tidal Waves
d)
Tides
70.
Cold ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole 
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
71.
When we discuss greenhouse gases what is the main one we discuss?
a)
Methane (CH4)
b)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
c)
Nitrous oxide (N2O)
d)
Flourinated gases
72.
The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is...
a)
using bottled water
b)
burning fossil fuels
c)
texting on cellphones
d)
eating meat
73.
T/F: Some greenhouse gases are naturally present in the Earth's atmosphere
a)
True
b)
False
74.
Which layer in the atmosphere protects us form harmful UV radiation?
a)
Ozone
b)
Troposphere
c)
Ionosphere
d)
Exosphere
75.

What results from livestock and other agricultural practices and by the decay of organic waste in municipal solid waste landfills?

a)

Carbon Dioxide

b)

Methane

c)

Water Vapor

d)

Fluorinated Gases

e)

Nitrous Oxide

76.
Which of the following are greenhouse gases?
a)
Carbon dioxide
b)
Methane
c)
Water vapor
d)
All answers are correct
77.

Which of the following natural events is NOT a source of carbon dioxide?

a)

Wildfire

b)

Decomposing plants and animals

c)

Volcanic eruption

d)

Earthquake

78.
Melting of glaciers and polar ice caps....
a)
will result in cooler temperatures in the Arctic
b)
will result in sea-levels rising
c)
Will have no effect on ecosystems
d)
None of the above
79.
1.  In the past, refrigerators, aerosol spray propellants and cleaning solvents were all sources of a greenhouse gas known as
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
methane
c)
chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)
d)
nitrous oxide
80.
Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?
a)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960
b)
Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide
c)
humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels
d)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960
81.

Which of the following is contributing to an INCREASE in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

a)

deforestation

b)

photosynthesis

c)

oceans

d)

all of the above

e)

the loss of animal species

82.
Which is a natural source of greenhouse gases?
a)
aerosols
b)
deforestation
c)
volcanic eruptions
d)
burning fossil fuels
83.

Which gas makes up the greatest percentage of Earth's atmosphere?

a)

Argon

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Nitrous oxide

d)

Carbon dioxide

84.
The Gulf Stream is a current that brings warm ocean water from the south to the north.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
85.
Walking on the warm sand sand with your bare feet.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
86.
A group of friends gather around a fire to stay warm.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
87.
The sun shines down on this family as the play on the beach.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
88.
Blow drying your wet hair.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
89.
The man goes to take the hot pot off the stove with his bare hands.
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
90.

Which two factors make ocean water more dense?

a)

Cold Temperatures

b)

Warm Temperatures

c)

Higher Salinity

d)

Lower Salinity

91.

As surface currents flow from the equator towards the poles what happens to them?

a)

They become warmer.

b)

They become lighter.

c)

They become more dense.

d)

They slow down.

92.

Air above the land warms up faster than air over the water, and the cooler air from the water blows toward land. What type of wind is this?

a)

Land Breeze

b)

Global Wind

c)

Sea Breeze

d)

Surface Wind

93.

What drives ocean surface currents?

a)

Density Differences

b)

Earth's Core

c)

Global Winds

d)

Gravity

94.

What drives deep ocean currents?

a)

Surface Winds

b)

Unequal Heating

c)

Global Winds

d)

Differences in Density

95.

What do the Greenhouse gases do to heat in the atmosphere?

a)

Absorb it

b)

Reflect it

c)

Trap it

d)

Eliminate it

96.

What type of heat transfer is given off by flames of a fire?

a)

Convection

b)

Conduction

c)

Radiation

97.

What is thermal energy?

a)

The total amount of heat an object contains.

b)

How hot or cold an object is.

c)

The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance.

d)

How much heat is transferred from one object to another.

98.

Convection currents in the atmosphere are caused by what?

a)

Warm air rising and warm air sinking

b)

Cold air rising and cold air sinking

c)

Warm air rising and cold air sinking

d)

Cold air rising and warm air sinking

99.

What direction does air move?

a)

High Pressure to High Pressure

b)

Low Pressure to Low Pressure

c)

High Pressure to Low Pressure

d)

Low Pressure to High Pressure

100.

What form of energy is the sun's light?

a)

Thermal

b)

Electrical

c)

Nuclear

d)

Electromagnetic Radiation

101.

What form of energy is the sun's light?

a)

Thermal

b)

Electrical

c)

Nuclear

d)

Electromagnetic Radiation

102.

What direction does air move?

a)

High Pressure to High Pressure

b)

Low Pressure to Low Pressure

c)

High Pressure to Low Pressure

d)

Low Pressure to High Pressure

103.
Where you will find the ozone layer.
a)
stratosphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
exosphere
d)
mesosphere
104.
Where weather occurs.
a)
stratosphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
troposphere
d)
mesosphere
105.
Where we live.
a)
stratosphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
troposphere
d)
mesosphere
106.
What is the function of the ozone layer?
a)
to allow UV rays to get to Earth
b)
to block UV rays from getting to Earth
c)
To keep oxygen in
d)
to allow meteors to get to Earth
107.
The higher you go, the air becomes _____ _____.
a)
More dense
b)
Less dense 
108.
This is the layer where meteors, or shooting stars, burn up.
a)
Troposphere
b)
Stratosphere
c)
Mesosphere
d)
Thermosphere
109.
What happens to the density (thickness)/air pressure of the air as you increase in altitude?
a)
density increases
b)
density decreases
c)
density stays the same
d)
density disappears
110.
The hottest layer of the atmosphere is the ________________.
a)
troposphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
exosphere
d)
mesosphere
111.
The coldest layer.
a)
troposphere
b)
thermosphere
c)
exosphere
d)
mesosphere
112.

Oxygen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere

a)

true

b)

false

113.
What does this diagram illustrate?
a)
Ozone Layer
b)
The Greenhouse Effect
c)
Ultraviolet Radiation
d)
Layers of the atmosphere
114.
What gas from the list below is a cause for global warming?
a)
Urethane
b)
Oxygen
c)
Carbon Dioxide
115.
The greenhouse gas having the greatest role in human-caused global warming is
a)
methane
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons)
d)
ozone
116.
The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is
a)
using bottled water
b)
burning fossil fuels
c)
texting on cellphones
d)
eating meat
117.
Copper, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, and Zinc were all heated using the same thermal energy.  What material would be the coolest after being heated?
a)
Copper
b)
Carbon Steel
c)
Zinc
d)
Stainless Steel
118.
How many Joules of energy are required to change 10 gram of ice at -2 C to water at 20 C?
a)
440 J
b)
880 J
c)
10,140 J
d)
66,000 J
119.
How many Joules of energy are required to make 100 grams of ice at 0 C completely melt?
a)
200 J
b)
400 J
c)
30,000 J
d)
2,000,000 J
120.
When a  piece of aluminum foil is taken out of the oven and cools from 100° C to 50°C, What is the change in temperature?
a)
50°
b)
0°
c)
100°
d)
150°
121.
A high specific heat means...
a)
It heats up quickly with energy added
b)
It requires more energy to change temperature
122.

Which will heat up slower?

a)

water

b)

lead

c)

granite

d)

iron

123.

Which will heat up faster?

a)

copper

b)

granite

c)

iron

d)

basalt

124.
Earth’s climate system is powered mainly by energy from:
a)
Tilt
b)
The sun
c)
Latitude
d)
The rain shadow
125.
Movements of ocean water in a continuous flow are called?
a)
ocean currents
b)
global winds
c)
air mass
d)
front
126.
The _______ of  a mountain range is the side that receives a lot of precipitation.
a)
dry side
b)
leeward/dry side
c)
windward/wet side
d)
cloudy side
127.
Two types of ocean currents are
a)
local and global
b)
sea and land
c)
surface and deep
d)
warm and cold
128.
As salinity  increases
a)
Density increases
b)
Density decreases
129.
As Density  increases
a)
Temperature decreases
b)
Temperature increases
130.
In addition to salinity, what factor affects the density of seawater?
a)
depth
b)
latitude
c)
temperature
d)
salt content
131.
What process brings the deep cold ocean currents up to the surface?
a)
Conduction
b)
Global Wind Patterns
c)
Convection Currents
d)
Temperature and salinity
132.
Why are surface currents at the surface of the ocean?
a)
colder temperature
b)
colder temperature & more salinty
c)
warmer temperature & less salinty
d)
less salinty
133.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
134.

The curving of moving objects from a straight path due to the Earth's rotation is called

a)

a continental deflection.

b)

the Coriolis effect.

c)

a pressurized deflection.

d)

a rotational deflection.

135.

When temperature decreases, the density of liquid water _________________.

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

stays the same

136.

As the depth of ocean water increases, the temperature

a)

increases.

b)

decreases.

c)

fluctuates depending on the pressure.

d)

stays the same.

137.

The measure of the amount of dissolved salt in a given amount of water is called _____.

a)

solubility

b)

salinity

c)

density

d)

proximity

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